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The Dead Hand: The Untold Story of the Cold War Arms Race and its Dangerous Legacy [Hardcover]

David E. Hoffman
4.4 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (65 customer reviews)

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Book Description

September 22, 2009
“A tour de force of investigative history.” —Steve Coll

The Dead Hand
is the suspense-filled story of the people who sought to brake the speeding locomotive of the arms race, then rushed to secure the nuclear and biological weapons left behind by the collapse of the Soviet Union—a dangerous legacy that haunts us even today.


The Cold War was an epoch of massive overkill. In the last half of the twentieth century the two superpowers had perfected the science of mass destruction and possessed nuclear weapons with the combined power of a million Hiroshimas. What’s more, a Soviet biological warfare machine was ready to produce bacteria and viruses to sicken and kill millions. In The Dead Hand, a thrilling narrative history drawing on new archives and original research and interviews, David E. Hoffman reveals how presidents, scientists, diplomats, soldiers, and spies confronted the danger and changed the course of history.

The Dead Hand captures the inside story in both the United States and the Soviet Union, giving us an urgent and intimate account of the last decade of the arms race. With access to secret Kremlin documents, Hoffman chronicles Soviet internal deliberations that have long been hidden. He reveals that weapons designers in 1985 laid a massive “Star Wars” program on the desk of Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev to compete with President Reagan, but Gorbachev refused to build it. He unmasks the cover-up of the Soviet biological weapons program. He tells the exclusive story of one Soviet microbiologist’s quest to build a genetically engineered super-germ—it would cause a mild illness, a deceptive recovery, then a second, fatal attack. And he details the frightening history of the Doomsday Machine, known as the Dead Hand, which would launch a retaliatory nuclear strike if the Soviet leaders were wiped out.

When the Soviet Union collapsed, the dangers remained. Soon rickety trains were hauling unsecured nuclear warheads across the Russian steppe; tons of highly-enriched uranium and plutonium lay unguarded in warehouses; and microbiologists and bomb designers were scavenging for food to feed their families.

The Dead Hand offers fresh and startling insights into Reagan and Gorbachev, the two key figures of the end of the Cold War, and draws colorful, unforgettable portraits of many others who struggled, often valiantly, to save the world from the most terrifying weapons known to man.

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The Dead Hand: The Untold Story of the Cold War Arms Race and its Dangerous Legacy + 15 Minutes: General Curtis LeMay and the Countdown to Nuclear Annihilation
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Editorial Reviews

Review

Praise for The Dead Hand

“Authoritative and chilling. . . . A readable, many-tentacled account of the decades-long military standoff between the United States and the Soviet Union. . . . The Dead Hand is deadly serious, but this story can verge on pitch-black comedy—Dr. Strangelove as updated by the Coen Brothers.”
The New York Times

“Revealing, alarming and compelling throughout. . . . This richly reported account vividly chronicles the insanity of the arms race. . . . Taut, crisply written. . . . The Dead Hand puts human faces on the bureaucracy of mutual assured destruction, even as it underscores the institutional inertia that drove this monster forward. . . . A fine book indeed.”
—T. J. Stiles, Minneapolis Star Tribune

“In a compelling narrative packed with vivid detail and telling quotations, Hoffman tells the story of how Reagan and Gorbachev halted the arms race.”
The Times Literary Supplement

“Gripping. . . . Hoffman reinforces his scary thesis with breathtakingly detailed research.”
St. Louis Post-Dispatch

“Unsettling. . . . The Dead Hand argues convincingly that America’s victory in the Cold War wasn’t nearly as triumphant as the most self-congratulatory among us have tended to believe.”
The Washington Post

“A stunning feat of research and narrative. Terrifying.”
—John le Carré
 
The Dead Hand is a brilliant work of history, a richly detailed, gripping tale that take us inside the Cold War arms race as no other book has. Drawing upon extensive interviews and secret documents, David Hoffman reveals never-before-reported aspects of the Soviet biological and nuclear programs. It’s a story so riveting and scary that you feel like you are reading a fictional thriller.”
—Rajiv Chandrasekaran, author of Imperial Life in the Emerald City: Inside Iraq’s Green Zone

“In The Dead Hand, David Hoffman has uncovered some of the Cold War’s most persistent and consequential secrets—plans and systems designed to wage war with weapons of mass destruction, and even to place the prospective end of civilization on a kind of automatic pilot. The book’s revelations are shocking; its narrative is intelligent and gripping. This is a tour de force of investigative history.”
—Steve Coll, author of Ghost Wars and The Bin Ladens

“An extraordinary and compelling story, beautifully researched, elegantly told, and full of revelations about the superpower arms race in the dying days of the Cold War. The Dead Hand is riveting.”
—Rick Atkinson, Pulitzer Prize–winning author of An Army At Dawn

“No one is better qualified than David Hoffman to tell the definitive story of the ruinous Cold War arms race. He has interviewed the principal protagonists, unearthed previously undiscovered archives, and tramped across the military-industrial wasteland of the former Soviet Union. He brings his characters to life in a thrilling narrative that contains many lessons for modern-day policymakers struggling to stop the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. An extraordinary achievement.”
—Michael Dobbs, author of One Minute to Midnight: Kennedy, Khrushchev, and Castro on the Brink of Nuclear War

About the Author

David E. Hoffman is a contributing editor at the Washington Post, where he previously served as White House correspondent, Moscow bureau chief, and assistant managing editor for foreign news. He is the author of The Oligarchs: Wealth and Power in the New Russia.

He lives in Maryland.


Product Details

  • Hardcover: 592 pages
  • Publisher: Doubleday; 1 edition (September 22, 2009)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0385524374
  • ISBN-13: 978-0385524377
  • Product Dimensions: 6.4 x 1.5 x 9.6 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 2.3 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)
  • Average Customer Review: 4.4 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (65 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #75,949 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

More About the Author

David E. Hoffman is Contributing Editor at the Washington Post and has been a journalist for 30 years. He came to Washington in 1977 to cover Congress, and later served as the Washington correspondent for the San Jose (Calif.) Mercury-News. He covered Ronald Reagan's campaign for the presidency in 1980, and was national economics correspondent for Knight-Ridder Newspapers. In 1982, he joined The Washington Post to cover the Reagan presidency. As a White House correspondent, he covered the major U.S.-Soviet summits of the Reagan years, including Geneva and Reykjavik, as well as domestic policy and politics. After Reagan left office, he covered the George H. W. Bush presidency. Later, he was diplomatic correspondent at the time the Soviet Union collapsed, and then served as Jerusalem correspondent, covering the Oslo peace accords. From 1995 to 2001, he served as Moscow bureau chief. His first book, based on reporting in Moscow, was The Oligarchs: Wealth and Power in the New Russia (PublicAffairs, 2002). On returning to Washington in 2001, he was Foreign editor and then Assistant Managing Editor for Foreign news, managing the Post's foreign service, until 2009.

Customer Reviews

Most Helpful Customer Reviews
80 of 85 people found the following review helpful
4.0 out of 5 stars A Horrible Set of Crimes November 1, 2009
Format:Hardcover
The Dead Hand details secrets from the Soviet Union's military and research industries - secrets that are so dark as to reframe the historical interpretation of that country and its leadership during the Cold War.

The Soviets referred to a semi-automatic defense plan as the "Dead Hand." The Dead Hand was a system that would fire a portfolio of SS-18's on to the United States and Western Europe if its sensors made the conclusion that the Kremlin had been destroyed by a nuclear blast. The system was in place as early as the mid-80s. It is a bit of a miracle, given the demonstrated shortcomings of Soviet engineering, that it never made a mistake.

There's more to the spirit of the Dead Hand, though. Much of this book is about the extensive germ warfare research that the Soviets conducted in violation of international law. Hoffman has managed to track down the assorted scientists who worked in the Urals, in Kazakhstan, in Siberia, the Aral Sea, and other places. Each one has a small part to play in a dark effort. The Soviets weaponized all kinds of killer bugs - plague, smallpox, anthrax, tularemia, and others. The Soviets created anti-biotic resistant strains of each. Some were hybrid bugs that would kill in two stages over several weeks.

In the last days of the Soviet Unions, leaders like Sam Nunn and Les Aspin worked to identify and eliminate nuclear stockpiles. Unfortunately, not as much effort went in to finding chemical weapons. Some were found, but the author believes that many stockpiles were either hidden or lost.

The takeaway, ultimately, is that the Dead Hand still exists, albeit in a new mode. There is no semi-automatic nuclear weapon program. Instead, there are the residual weapons (both chemical and nuclear) that have fallen into untraceable hands throughout the world. There appears to be evidence that some of those hands include the governments of Iran and North Korea, but it is just as likely that many private groups are able to put their hands on the remainders of the Soviet arsenals.

This book contradicts some of the larger interpretations of Ronald Reagan's presidency. Reagan built up weapons stockpiles, building not just the Pershing IIs but also the drive to SDI. Many have taken those events to say that Reagan was hawkish, and that he strategically invested in defense in order to put economic pressure on the Soviet budgets. Hoffman doesn't deny that SDI did require additional spending, but his analysis is that Reagan was driven first by an absolute hatred of nuclear weaponry. He knew that their system was able to produce advanced weaponry but little grain. Hoffman portrays Reagan very favorably, even as he is less taken by Bush I.

This book covers a lot of ground, but the author's narrative is very readable. I think it adds something to the history of the Soviet Union.
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78 of 87 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars INTELLIGENT, GRIPPING, FRIGHTENING October 2, 2009
Format:Hardcover|Amazon Verified Purchase
The Cold War was mainly an ideological war.Threats of mutual destruction played a significant part during this conflict.Suffice it to mention the Berlin crises and the Cuban Missile Crisis,where humanity has almost annihiltated itself.Brinkmanship was the name of the game ,played in many instances by the Soviet empire.
"The Dead Hand" shows to what extent all of us were living in the most dangerous period of times during the second half of the twentieth century.Its focus is to show two important and cardinal points:to what extent missiles were to make sure nobody would be alive in case the conflict grew into a hot one.The second point emphasizes and demonstrates an angle which did not get much attention by Cold War historians:the threat of biological warfare.The combination of these two destructive forces would have made Hiroshima a child's play.
As Mr.Hoffman makes it clear in his riveting and breathtaking book,it would have been a matter of only some minutes when humanity could have destroyed itself.This is a story that includes presidents, advisors,soldiers,(evil)scientists,generals and spies
who were working for their respective peoples in order to gain the upper hand.
For the first time, we get an in-depth story about the Soviets' biological weapons program.The purpose of the Soviets was to create a genetically-engineered super-germ which would cause hundreds of millions of fatalities.He includes the story of some scientists who were working on this secret project day and night.
This is his best and most fascinating part of the story.He includes stories about some scientists who could not live with lies anymore, thus they defected to the West and told the whole story about how the Russians were trying to fool the world about their intentions on biowarfare.Included are special photos about those who took part in this evil plan.
There is a special chapter about "The Year of the Spy",i.e 1985, where spies from both sides traded secrets and betrayed each other.
Hoffman also describes in great detail the way Gorbachev and Reagan came both to the conclusion that spending billions upon billions of dollars on mass-destruction weapons was an act of stupidity, although it took the Soviets a lot of years to come to this conclusion.
I do not recall another book where the exchange of opinions and ideas between Gorbachev and Reagan is so detailed ,documented and well- analyzed.
Tens of personalities and scientists from both sides were interviewed for this book.It shows many new insights into Reagan,Gorbachev and their assistants.There is a special chapter about the way the Russians asked the Americans to assist them financially in order to destroy their weapons and nuclear bombs and warheads.Senator Sam Nunn did whatever he could in this respect in order to persuade the Congress to give 1 billion dollars for this purpose, but he did not have much success.
In the end, the collapse of the Soviet Union marked the end of failed ideology,"hypermilitarization and rigid central control.It left behind 6623 nuclear warheads,882 nuclear bombs on planes,15000 tactical nuclear warheads and at least 40000 tons of chemical weapons,including millions of shells filled with nerve gas so deadly that one drop could kill a human being,not to mention the fact that anthrax bacteria spores and other pathogens humanity has never heard of them before were left intact".
The fall of the Iron Curtain caused hundreds- perhaps thousands -of disgruntled scientists,soldiers and others in Russia to live without any clear purpose.What's more,they were very hungry and had barely the means to support their families.No wonder many opted for the West.No wonder the arsenal left behind can still fall in the wrong hands.
This is only a minuscule part of the menu of this fascinating and gripping book which should be mandatory reading for all Cold War enthusiasts, buffs and pros alike.As for the Dead Hand, you will have to read it by yourself to find out what the devil it means!
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21 of 22 people found the following review helpful
4.0 out of 5 stars REAGACHOV March 19, 2010
Format:Hardcover|Amazon Verified Purchase
Most "Cold War" books fall into 1 of 2 categories... Wide scope poicy analysis or put-you-on-the scene field level narratives. There are few that find a readable method of blending the two. Hoffman does a fine job of doing just that. While the book is top heavy from the Reagan era on and generally skims over pre 1980 Cold War history it is, nonetheless, informative, upsetting and revealing. Get the highlighter out because there are many passages you will want to refer back to when discussing this subject in the future. It is one of the best histories of the Reagan-Gorbachov negotiations since Beschloss's "At the Highest Levels". If you are a foreign policy wonk purist you will probably find this book a bit thin. If you are an afficianado of field level tactics you may find this book a bit slow in areas. So be it..i.e., some people like Kolko's "Anatomy of a War" and some like Baker's "NAM". If, however, you like both of those books you'll probably love this one. A friend of mine, when seeing the dust cover of the book on my desk, mistook it for a fictional novel. I told him, "No, it isn't... but I sure wish it was!" as parts of Mr. Hoffman's work are very unsettling.
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Most Recent Customer Reviews
5.0 out of 5 stars This book is scary!
Wow, who knew all of this about the Cold War! This book is a fascinating read and will be enjoyed by anyone interested in the Cold War, Russia, and/or the US during this... Read more
Published 1 month ago by Jason
4.0 out of 5 stars Scary
This book actually scared me to think we lived through the cold war. I thought the Cuban Missle crisis was the closest we came to anialation but there were several close calls. Read more
Published 5 months ago by Mick
4.0 out of 5 stars Misleading title, but great book overall
I agree with a previous reviewer who said Dead Hand had very little to say about the actual dead hand in the USSR, which was why I bought the book in the first place. Read more
Published 5 months ago by Richard J. Polney
4.0 out of 5 stars Great, interesting, hard to read
This book is fascinating and contains great information that everyone should know. I do think it occasionally stretches to assign motives - so and so didn't care, or was clueless-... Read more
Published 6 months ago by Pop S
4.0 out of 5 stars Great history
The Dead Hand refers to the Soviet's semi-autonomous "doomsday machine" that would launch nuclear missiles in a retaliatory response if it detected a nuclear strike and the Soviet... Read more
Published 6 months ago by Bryn C. Dunham
4.0 out of 5 stars The Soviet-Centric Hand
David E. Hoffman's The Dead Hand reads like equal parts political thriller and science fiction masterpiece, but The Dead Hand is the frighteningly real account of the Cold War arms... Read more
Published 7 months ago by Michael Griswold
4.0 out of 5 stars A behind-the-scenes look at cold war horror
This is a dense but fascinating read that gets into all aspects of the insanity of the Cold War that began in the late-40's when the Russians and U.S. Read more
Published 7 months ago by Mortimer Jones
2.0 out of 5 stars Intriguing, but far too clinical
Interesting book, but it was too clinical for my tastes. I ended up listening to one CD at a time and then going to something else for a time.
Published 8 months ago by J. Schelly
2.0 out of 5 stars Misleading title
The title of this book is misleading. Very little time is actually spent talking about the "dead hand/ perimeter" mechanism itself. Read more
Published 9 months ago by bochen7e7
4.0 out of 5 stars Like looking back over a cliff you've climbed ...
This detailed, well-researched history reveals the precipice we stood at during the early 1980s. Like a small child, I did my doctoral work in West Berlin during 1982 and 1983 with... Read more
Published 9 months ago by DCD
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High Kindle price
At $13.99 today, the Kindle price is still too high. Considering that maps and graphics are barely legible in most e-books, including this one, there is no justification for pricing the electronic product higher than the (fully legible) paperback.
Jul 27, 2012 by RGB |  See all 3 posts
post - cold war un-answered questions needing research. Be the first to reply
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