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The Hidden Brain: How Our Unconscious Minds Elect Presidents, Control Markets, Wage Wars, and Save Our Lives [Hardcover]

Shankar Vedantam
3.4 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (56 customer reviews)


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Book Description

January 19, 2010
Most of us would agree that there’s a clear—and even obvious—connection between the things we believe and the way we behave. But what if our actions are driven not by our conscious values and beliefs but by hidden motivations we’re not even aware of?
 
The “hidden brain” is Shankar Vedantam’s shorthand for a host of brain functions, emotional responses, and cognitive processes that happen outside our conscious awareness but have a decisive effect on how we behave. The hidden brain has its finger on the scale when we make all our most complex and important decisions: It decides whom we fall in love with, whether we should convict someone of murder, and which way to run when someone yells “Fire!” It explains why we can become riveted by the story of a single puppy adrift on the ocean but are quickly bored by a story of genocide. The hidden brain can also be deliberately manipulated to convince people to vote against their own interests, or even become suicide terrorists. But the most disturbing thing is that it does all this without our knowing.
Shankar Vedantam, author of The Washington Post’s popular “Department of Human Behavior” column, takes us on a tour of this phenomenon and explores its consequences. Using original reporting that combines the latest scientific research with compulsively readable narratives that take readers from the American campaign trail to terrorist indoctrination camps, from the World Trade Center on 9/11 to, yes, a puppy adrift on the Pacific Ocean, Vedantam illuminates the dark recesses of our minds while making an original argument about how we can compensate for our blind spots—and what happens when we don’t.


Editorial Reviews

From Publishers Weekly

Washington Post science journalist Vedantam theorizes that there's a hidden world in our heads filled with unconscious biases, often small, hidden errors in thinking that manipulate our attitudes and actions without our knowing it. Autonomy is a myth, he says, because knowledge and rational intention are not responsible for our choices. This thesis is not news— since Freud, psychologists have taken the unconscious into account—but Vedanta argues that if we are influenced sometimes, then why not all the time, whether we're launching a romance or a genocide. This is a frightening leap in logic. In anecdotal, journalistic prose, we learn that, through bias, rape victims can misidentify their attacker; people are more honest even with just a subtle indication that they are being watched; polite behavior has to do with the frontotemporal lobes rather than with how one was raised; and that we can be unconsciously racist and sexist. Though drawing on the latest psychological research, Vedantam's conclusions are either trite or unconvincing. (Jan. 19)
Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

From Booklist

A Washington Post science writer, Vedantam explores the findings of social psychologists about unconscious bias. Recounting people’s stories, he grips attention immediately. Introducing a rape victim whose mistake in identifying her assailant was revealed by DNA evidence that exonerated him, Vedantam establishes his theme of how people get things wrong (in the crime-and-punishment category, he adds death-penalty cases involving possible misidentification) or behave seemingly irrationally. After each individual story, the author repairs to relevant psychological studies. To Vedantam, the studies reveal that subtle biases unconsciously coexist alongside people’s conscious convictions that they are free of prejudice. He cites examples such as Senator George Allen, whose racial remark ended his career; the electorate’s perception of candidate Barack Obama; and the sexual discrimination case of Lilly Ledbetter. Branching into other arenas, such as crowd behavior during crisis situations and the minds of suicide bombers, Vedantam highlights a mental battle of which, he wants his readers to learn, they are largely unaware. This work has strong appeal for the psychology audience. --Gilbert Taylor

Product Details

  • Hardcover: 288 pages
  • Publisher: Spiegel & Grau; First Edition edition (January 19, 2010)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0385525214
  • ISBN-13: 978-0385525213
  • Product Dimensions: 6.3 x 1 x 9.6 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 1.2 pounds
  • Average Customer Review: 3.4 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (56 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #637,323 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

More About the Author

Shankar Vedantam is a science correspondent at National Public Radio, based in Washington DC. He was formerly a national correspondent and columnist for the Washington Post, and a 2010 Nieman Fellow at Harvard University. He is interested in how insights from psychology and the social sciences can change the way we think about ordinary events in our lives, as well as news events. Learn more about Shankar at www.vedantam.com and follow him on Twitter @HiddenBrain and on Facebook at www.facebook.com/HiddenBrain

Customer Reviews

Most Helpful Customer Reviews
85 of 89 people found the following review helpful
4.0 out of 5 stars What you don't know WILL hurt you December 31, 2009
Format:Hardcover|Amazon Vine™ Review (What's this?)
Shankar Vedantam's "The Hidden Brain" is yet another one of those "Let's do a book like Malcolm Gladwell." And luckily, like Sheena Iyengar's "The Art of Choosing," it's another good one. Vedantam's subject is the part of the brain that functions unbeknown to its owner.

I thought this was called "The Subconscious," but that's not the same thing, insofar as we all have our personal subconscious. The Hidden Brain is the unconscious way we all think (or just about all of us), and it's a chilling reminder that what we think is free choice actually isn't.

Vedantam draws on recent psychological research to show some disturbing facts. He spends a whole chapter on investigating racial bias among people who never showed it. He comes to the conclusion that not only are these people biased in spite of their belief that they're not, but we are all biased, and this comes from infancy. People act unbiased against their unconscious beliefs, even in one case, a minority person whose job was to teach other people to be unbiased.

The way the hidden brain does this is so subtle that we're fooled into thinking that it's normal, conscious thinking. How else would the teacher of racial harmony find herself associating bad things with minority names? The inference is that we'll all do this. If you deny this, try the tests at "Project Implicit" at the Harvard University web site.

Another chapter is devoted to gender bias. It is sad to hear the stories of two professors at Stanford University talk about their professional life since a sex change. The woman who changed to a man says, "I am taken more seriously." He was called a better worker than his "sister" (the same person).
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103 of 114 people found the following review helpful
Format:Hardcover|Amazon Vine™ Review (What's this?)
Books on behavioral science have been in vogue lately. Books like Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our Decisions, Sway: The Irresistible Pull of Irrational Behavior and Mistakes Were Made (But Not by Me): Why We Justify Foolish Beliefs, Bad Decisions, and Hurtful Acts have intrigued audiences by showing how science can illuminate our often hidden behavioral quirks.

Economists used to say that we are generally rational actors, while psychology used to say that we are primarily motivated by hidden subconscious mechanisms. According to this and other books, the truth is about 50/50. In The Hidden Brain, Shankar Vedantam focuses his journalistic microscope on the unconscious things running through our minds that often help influence - sometimes dictate - our behavior. He terms these hidden biases "the hidden brain" and argues that even those decisions we make that we "feel" are made rationally and without bias are often not that way at all. Did you know, for instance, that studies have shown that beginning investors are much more likely to invest in companies whose names are readily pronouncable (I'd conjecture this is the same for buyers of wine). What about the idea that many studies tell us that we are much more prone to conformity - doing what others are doing - than we often want to admit? That's the hidden brain at work.

Unlike some books in this how-the-mind-plays-tricks-on-us genre, Vedantam does not shy away from some very serious issues.
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21 of 23 people found the following review helpful
4.0 out of 5 stars "What was I thinking?" January 3, 2010
Format:Hardcover|Amazon Vine™ Review (What's this?)
Shankar Vedantam's "The Hidden Brain," like many other popular works of non-fiction published in the last few years, is an exploration of the unconscious forces that shape our lives. "'Unconscious bias' describes situations in which people's actions are at odds with their intentions." Since we are unaware of these hidden forces that control our behavior, we look for ways to justify our actions logically. Vedantam, who is a science journalist for "The Washington Post," presents controlled experiments and other scientific data to support his thesis.

Here are a few of the thorny questions that he raises: Why do some people decide to become suicide bombers? Why did almost all of the employees on the eighty-eighth floor of the South Tower run out of the World Trade Center on 9/11, while many workers on the eighty-ninth floor stayed behind and perished? When a woman was savagely beaten by her irate boyfriend on a crowded bridge, why did no one come to her aid--not even to call the police on a cell phone? Why do seemingly ordinary individuals fall under the spell of cult leaders? How do racism and sexism originate and why are they so difficult to eradicate? The author blames "the hidden brain," which is "shorthand for a range of influences that manipulate us." Through storytelling, Vedantam illustrates ways in which "unconscious bias" can affect us "in moments of great vulnerability." We employ "heuristics," "mental shortcuts...to carry out the mundane chores of life." Unfortunately, we also tend to apply mental shortcuts when it would be far better to think things through rationally and with greater attention to detail. The hidden brain jumps to conclusions, judging people and events by their appearances and relying on gut feelings rather than reason.
... Read more ›
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Most Recent Customer Reviews
2.0 out of 5 stars A bit disappointing
There were some interesting insights, but there was a lot of filler between these nuggets. Was looking for more unique research.
Published 21 days ago by GrapeHauler
5.0 out of 5 stars Shankar Vedantam is a pleasure
I have listened to him on the radio for years. This book is thought provoking, and as I read it, I could hear his voice in my head. Read more
Published 1 month ago by J. Headlee
3.0 out of 5 stars Interesting subject, but some issues
The subject is of interest and importance.

But one issue that bothered me as I read this. I didn't see deep citing of primary sources. Read more
Published 5 months ago by Steven A. Peterson
1.0 out of 5 stars Worst book I've ever read
This book was a waste of time for two reasons:
1) All the conclusions are trivial behavioral patterns I already knew about. Read more
Published 6 months ago by Perion
5.0 out of 5 stars The Hidden Brain
'The Hidden Brain' is amazing. So much information. I am a teacher, but anyone would enjoy reading this book. Read more
Published 6 months ago by betsygardiner
2.0 out of 5 stars Disappointing on a number of levels...
This book is disappointing on several accounts. First, the "science" in the book is extremely thin compared to other references since it mostly is composed of lengthy descriptions... Read more
Published 10 months ago by Zentao
4.0 out of 5 stars Not breaking new ground here, but interesting nonetheless
This is the latest in a series of Malcolm-Gladwell-esque pop psychology books about the mysteries of human behavior, illustrated by a blend of interesting anecdotes and scientific... Read more
Published 18 months ago by J. Bosiljevac
3.0 out of 5 stars Anecdotes rather than evidence based analysis
Easy to read, each chapter centers around a surprising story about an unconscious bias. Unfortunately, the book is mostly anecdotes and hypothesis and only occasionally references... Read more
Published 18 months ago by Lauren Sacks
4.0 out of 5 stars Why We Do What We Do
There is very little agreement in the scientific community as to what the subconscious even is, so when I picked up the book, I knew I would either be fascinated or confused. Read more
Published 21 months ago by Carla Fair-Wright
3.0 out of 5 stars For readers interested in psychology
Book review by Richard L. Weaver II, Ph.D.

First, you may wonder what made me look twice at this book. Read more
Published 22 months ago by rlweaverii
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