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Ten Theories of Human Nature [Paperback]

Leslie Stevenson (Author)
3.9 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (9 customer reviews)


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Ten Theories of Human Nature Ten Theories of Human Nature 3.9 out of 5 stars (9)
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Book Description

0195120418 978-0195120417 October 29, 1998 3
With over a quarter of a million copies sold since 1974, Seven Theories of Human Nature was a remarkably popular introduction to key points of Western thought. Now entitled Ten Theories of Human Nature, this completely revised and expanded third edition broadens the cultural and historical range by incorporating new chapters on Hinduism, Confucianism, and Kant. It also extends and deepens the discussion of the original seven theories, taking into account the most recent scholarship and addressing issues of feminism and relativism. A new final chapter reviews the prospects and limits of the scientific understanding of human nature and includes a survey of nine different types of psychology.
This lucid text compresses into a small space the essence of such ancient traditions as Confucianism, Hinduism, and the Old and New Testaments as well as the theories of Plato, Immanuel Kant, Karl Marx, Sigmund Freud, Jean-Paul Sartre, B.F. Skinner, and Konrad Lorenz. The authors juxtapose the ideas of these and other thinkers in a way that helps students understand how humanity has struggled to comprehend its nature. To encourage readers to think critically for themselves, the book examines each theory on four points--the nature of the universe, the nature of humanity, the ills of humanity, and the proposed cure for these ills. Ideal for introductory courses in philosophy, religious studies, human nature, and intellectual history, Ten Theories of Human Nature will engage and motivate students and other readers to consider who we are, what motivates us, and how we can understand and improve the world.


Editorial Reviews

Review

Praise for the previous edition:"A splendid little book. Stevenson has a gift for distilling the essentials of a point of view or system of thought. The chapters on Plato, Christianity, Marx, Freud, and Sartre are gems of expository clarity and critical good sense."--Michael Washburn, Indiana University, South Bend

"A lucid and fascinating introduction to some major theories."--Duncan Richter, Virginia Military Institute

"Easy-to-read and organized uniformly. An excellent foundation text for the course in Clinical Supervision, as understanding human nature is an essential antecedent to the development of supervisory theories."--George A. Jacinto, School of Social Work, University of Central Florida

"This was a good book when it first came out...and is a still better one now....A fine introduction to the big philosophical problems, a well-made map for bewildered students genning up to clear their minds for the next millennium."-Mary Midgley in the Times Higher Educational Supplement

"This was a good book when it first came out...and is a still better one now....A fine introduction to the big philosophical problems, a well-made map for bewildered students genning up to clear their minds for the next millennium."-Mary Midgley in The Times Higher Education Supplement

"Excellent introduction of the basic human events." --Doug Kenmar, Moody Bible Institute

"One of the best texts I've used in Critical Thinking classes (by student evaluation ratings too!) This is more than just a collection; it is well edited, thoughtfully annotated, and the selections work! Five stars: I"ll definitely use it again--and again!"--Donald K. Skiles, Chabot College

About the Author

Leslie Stevenson, Reader in Logic and Metaphysics, University of St. Andrews, Scotland. David L. Haberman, Associate Professor of Religious Studies, Indiana University.

Product Details

  • Paperback: 256 pages
  • Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA; 3 edition (October 29, 1998)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0195120418
  • ISBN-13: 978-0195120417
  • Product Dimensions: 7.9 x 5.3 x 0.6 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 8 ounces
  • Average Customer Review: 3.9 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (9 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #303,304 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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Customer Reviews

9 Reviews
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Average Customer Review
3.9 out of 5 stars (9 customer reviews)
 
 
 
 
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24 of 24 people found the following review helpful:
4.0 out of 5 stars Short, solid, still some surprises, April 16, 2000
This review is from: Ten Theories of Human Nature (Paperback)
Socrates postulated that only the examined life was worth living. His great inspiring idea was that we can come to know the right way to live if we use our reason properly, and inquire in an open-minded, nondogmatic way.

In this spirit, "Ten Theories of Human Nature" does not restrict its inquiry to five major thinkers of the Western Tradition (Plato, Kant, Marx, Freud and Sartre), but includes three ancient religious traditions (Confucianism, Hinduism, and Christianity) as well as two scientific thinkers (Skinner and Lorenz).

Each of the ten theories is examined under four aspects:

(1) what is its theory about the world?

(2) what is its theory of the nature of human beings?

(3) what is its diagnosis of what is wrong with us?

(4) how can we put it right?

The result is a concise, well-balanced textbook with useful suggestions for further reading. It shows how the focus of each theory on different aspects of human existence branches out into elaborate (sometimes, arcane) systems of thought. It also illustrates how the dominance of very comprehensive theories, especially religious ones, is replaced in time by more scientific, narrow theories which increase our knowledge about human behavior in very particular, small aspects but tend to lose sight of larger, "non-scientific" issues.

While the authors claim at the beginning of their book to present "rival" theories, the book is actually open-minded about the contributions of each theory to the understanding of the human condition: they are adding up, rather than canceling out.

Meeting the ideas of Sartre, Skinner and Lorenz in the context of the book was an interesting experience for me. Surprisingly, I found that Sartre's ideas about freedom and choice could well form the philosophical basis of the main-stream American self-help book - a thought that any self-respecting French intellectual would definitely hate.

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8 of 11 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars Great introductory book, September 24, 2001
This review is from: Ten Theories of Human Nature (Paperback)
I like the way the author analyzes the religions and thoughts that have influenced the course of world history. It doesn't compare one against the other so the reader is allowed to view the theory in a vacuum. I only wished that the author wrote a chapter on the importance of why we need to engage in such an endeavor that would set the trajectory of our lives. Great book!!!
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1 of 1 people found the following review helpful:
4.0 out of 5 stars A good one stop read, March 21, 2008
I have used this book as an ethics instructor for six years. The book is useful in identifying the multiple influences upon our lives for how we make ethical decisions. Our religious perspectives and understanding of behavioral sciences find residence in our lives, whether we are aware or not. It is through these we are formed and make decisions. Stevenson and Haberman present overviews of Taoism, Hinduism, and Judaism, as well as behavorial sciences and philosophy by examining these theories' underlying philosophies and intellectual difficulties. While Judaism and Christianity are not separated by chapter [but combined into one], and Islam is not given a full discussion, the book is useful for understanding the complexity of global interaction and how we can relate to the millions of people who hold religious or philosophical premises unlike our own.
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First Sentence:
teenth century. Marx denied the existence of God and held that each person is a product of the particular economic stage of human society in which he or she lives. Read the first page
Key Phrases - Statistically Improbable Phrases (SIPs): (learn more)
human cognitive faculties, unconscious mental states
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New York, Oxford University Press, Decree of Heaven, Brihad Aranyaka Upanishad, Old Testament, Brahma Sutra, Karl Marx, United States, German Ideology, Konrad Lorenz, New Testament, Way of Heaven, Bhagavad Gita, Critique of Pure Reason, Cambridge University Press, Columbia University Press, Eastern Europe, God Himself, Harvard University Press, Walden Two
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