Three Tales (Penguin Classics) [Paperback]

Gustave Flaubert (Author), Robert Baldick (Author)

Book Description

Publication Date: May 30, 1961

This volume includes "A Simple Heart", "The legend of St Julian Hospitator" and "Herodias". These three pieces of fiction by the 19th-century French naturalist are introduced by an essay describing his life, works, and artistic abilities.

Editorial Reviews

Review

``A. J. Krailsheimer's new translation adheres more faithfully to Flaubert's idiosyncratic sentence structures...authentically captures the original's elliptical nature, with its ghostly authorial voice.'' Sunday Telegraph

``Intensely brilliant prose from the acclaimed author of Madame Bovary. These classic tales reflect Flaubert`s talent as a witty narrator and in particular A Simple Heart presents a wonderfully evocative portrait of 19th Century France.'' Wales on Sunday --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title.

Language Notes

Text: English (translation)
Original Language: French --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title.

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Product Details

• Paperback: 128 pages
• Publisher: Penguin Classics (May 30, 1961)
• Language: English
• ISBN-10: 0140441069
• ISBN-13: 978-0140441062
• Product Dimensions: 6.8 x 4.4 x 0.4 inches
• Shipping Weight: 3.2 ounces
• Average Customer Review: 3.9 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (13 customer reviews)
• Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #1,284,927 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

More About the Author

Gustave Flaubert (1821-1880), the younger son of a provincial doctor, briefly studied law before devoting himself to writing, with limited success during his lifetime. After the publication of Madame Bovary in 1857, he was prosecuted for offending public morals.

Customer Reviews

Most Helpful Customer Reviews

12 of 13 people found the following review helpful:

4.0 out of 5 stars Not Flaubert's Best, But Worth Reading Nonetheless, April 16, 2002

By 

"botatoe" (Albany, NY) - See all my reviews

This review is from: Three Tales (Worlds Classics) (Paperback)

In 1877, twenty years after the publication of "Madame Bovary," Gustave Flaubert published "Three Tales," a thin volume containing the stories "A Simple Heart," "The Legend of St Julian Hospitator" and "Herodias." While Robert Baldick's introduction to the Penguin edition says that "Three Tales" is "still generally regarded as [Flaubert's] most successful and most representative work," it is by no means his best work and does not approach the level of literary genius displayed in "Madame Bovary," "Sentimental Education," or "Bouvard and Pecuchet."

The best of the tales is "A Simple Heart," the story of Felicite, a simple and pious servant girl who "loved her mistress with dog-like devotion and veneration." Orphaned at a young age, she is first taken in by a farmer who, "small as she was, [sent] her to look after the cows in the fields." It is a miserable life:

"She went about in rags, shivering with cold, used to lie flat on the ground to drink water out of the ponds, would be beaten for no reason at all, and was finally turned out of the house for stealing thirty sous, a theft of which she was innocent."

Felicite fortunately enters the service of another farmer who appreciates her devoted, unquestioning work habits. She grows into her adult years working for that farmer and then is retained as servant to Madame Aubain. Felicite's life with Madame Aubain forms the heart of the story, the first sentence of Flaubert's narrative adumbrating the whole: "For half a century the women of Pont-l'Eveque envied Madame Aubain her maidservant Felicite."

Felicite's life is a series of loves: of Theodore, a man whom she falls in love with at the age of eighteen and who leaves her for an older, wealthier woman; of the two children of Madame Aubain, who depart her world in different ways; of a nephew, who leaves on a sailing ship; of a poor old dying man who lives in a pig sty; and, finally, of a green parrot named Loulou. Throughout all these loves, "the years slipped by, each one like the last, with nothing to vary the rhythm of the great festivals: Easter, the Assumption, All Saints' Day."

It is interesting to quote what Flaubert had to say about the end of "A Simple Heart," because it is not entirely clear whether it reflects his true feelings or an ironic denial of irony: "When the parrot dies she has it stuffed, and when she herself comes to die she confuses the parrot with the Holy Ghost. This is not at all ironical as you may suppose, but on the contrary very serious and very sad. I want to move tender hearts to pity and tears, for I am tender-hearted myself."

While readers have struggled with whether the three tales are connected in any way, the confusion of Felicite suggests a Flaubertian irony (or perhaps cynicism) that runs through all the stories: that people who live their lives based on religious belief are living lives based on illusion. In the case of Felicite, it is an illusion that is suggested by the confusion of a stuffed green parrot named Loulou with the Holy Ghost. In the remaining two tales, it is suggested in other ways.

"The Legend of St Julian Hospitator" tells the story of Julian, who grows up in a castle and lives a life marked by violence and mysticism. It is the reworking of a well-worn medieval tale depicted in thirty scenes of a stained-glass window Flaubert saw in Rouen Cathedral. It is also a tale that suggests again that the Christian founding myths are perhaps not what they seem. Thus, Julian's dream of life in the Garden of Eden and of Noah's Ark seems like the dream of a world created by a demiurge, a kind of Gnostic vision of brutality rather than harmony and salvation:

"Sometimes, in a dream, he would see himself like our father Adam in the middle of Paradise, with all the birds and beasts around him; and stretching out his arm, he would put them to death. Or else they would file past him, two by two, according to size, from the elephants and lions down to the stoats and ducks, as they did on the day that they entered Noah's Ark. From the shadow of a cave he would hurl javelins at them which never missed their aim, but others would follow them, there would be no end to the slaughter, and he would wake up with his eyes rolling wildly."

There is, finally, "Herodias," in which Flaubert relates the story of the beheading of John the Baptist at the request of Salome. Like the other two tales, "Herodias" is unsettling to the Christian mythos insofar as it emphasizes verisimilitude and the mundane. Instead of painting a picture of a great historical event, "Herodias" tells a very human tale of politics, jealousy and factionalism in ancient Israel. By doing so, it brings the reader back to the original historical touchstones of writers like Josephus and other contemporaries of Herod, thereby attenuating the centuries of religious mythmaking that followed the real world events. Perhaps this is why no less a critic than Hippolyte Adolphe Taine, commenting on "Three Tales," said that, "these eighty pages teach me more about the circumstances, the origins and the background of Christianity than all of Renan's work."

While not his best work, "Three Tales" nonetheless provides remarkable insight into Flaubert's narrative style and his view of literature. It is a style and a view that consistently departs from romanticism (even though the casual reader perhaps thinks of "Madame Bovary" as a romantic story), using techniques and images that draw meticulous scenes of the real and plumb the psychological depths of the mundane. By all means, read "Madame Bovary" and "Sentimental Education," but don't forget "Three Tales" because it is an equally provocative example of Flaubert's literary endeavor.

3 of 3 people found the following review helpful:

4.0 out of 5 stars An Introduction to Flaubert, August 29, 2005

By 

Christopher Nelson (Oakland, CA) - See all my reviews
(REAL NAME)   

This review is from: Three Tales (Penguin Classics) (Paperback)

Three tales: One "modern" short-story, one medieval legend, and one historical sketch. Three diverse tales, all colorful and engaging. Reading these tales makes one wish Flaubert had written more. Other reviewers have described each story in more detail so I'll keep my descriptions brief. Beginning with "A Simple Heart", the story of a lonely servant-girl named Felicite who devotes her life to helping a single mother raise her children in a small Normandy village; moving back in time to the medieval era and a capitvating re-telling the legend of "St. Julian Hospitator" who devotes himself to God after being haunted by the thousands of animals he'd hunted and killed as a brash, arrogant youth; far back to the time of Christ, when "Herodias", King Herod's head-strong wife, instigates the beheading of John the Baptist, unintentionally paving the way for Jesus Christ himself; Flaubert has created three "religious" tales that plainly and simply illustrate the status of Christianity at different times, in different places. Some readers of Flaubert find undertones of sarcasm in these tales (more prevelant in "Sentimental Education" for sure), but I really believe he's attempting to be as non-judgmental as possible, simply telling it the way it is; or was. It seems to me that Flaubert's intention with these stories (especially "A Simple Heart" which to me has the most character depth & uniqueness of the three) is to not only showcase his literary skills, but to challenge himself to write about three seemingly unconnected eras and linking them by a common thread. Flaubert's descriptions and details are always of the highest caliber (although sometimes tiresome if one's not used to his style) but ultimately, each tale stands on its own, making "Three Tales" an excellent introduction to one of the most influential, and talented writers of all time.

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful:

5.0 out of 5 stars Three Tales is a trio of short story gems by the peerless Gustave Flaubert, February 18, 2010

By 

C. M Mills "Michael Mills" (Knoxville Tennessee) - See all my reviews
(TOP 1000 REVIEWER)    (REAL NAME)   

This review is from: Three Tales (Penguin Classics) (Mass Market Paperback)

Gustave Flaubert (1821-80) published Three Tales in a magazine in 1877. Flaubert was already a rich and famous author. The meticulous master had already produced "Madame Bovary" and "A Sentimental Education" ensuring his elevated place in the annals of literary greatness. The three short stories in this tiny book are memorable, moving and beautifully rendered in classic Flaubertian simple, poetic and realistic prose.
A Simple Heart is the first and best of the tales. It tells the sad story of Felicite. She is an illiterate and religious orphan who grows up in northern France. She works hard on a farm where she is beaten by her master; has a sad and short love affair and becomes a maid in the home of an austere and cold widow. Her happiest days are taking care of Paul and Virginia the two children of the widow who has hired her to work in her small home.
Her nephew dies while in the French navy breaking her heart. Her happiest moments are spent in the company of Loulou a big green parrot she is given by a friend. When the great parrot dies he is stuffed and kept in Felicite's modest room. Felicite befriends the poor and old. She becomes deaf and dies with a vision of her parrot Loulou as an incarnation of the Holy Spirit. Felicite is a portrait of a good human being and Loulou is the most famous parrot in all literature. This is a wonderful little story of Christian faith put into action by a kind woman. One of my favorite all time short stories.

St. Julian Hospitator is a story reminiscent of a fairy tale. Julian grows up rich and coddled by his parents in a castle. He is a sadistic hunter who enjoys killing thousands of animals. This part of the story was very disturbing to me as an animal lover. By a tragic mistake he kills his own parents. This murder had been predicted by a large elk whose family had been brutally slain by Julian. He spends his life in remorse serving as a soldier and later a beggar. He also serves as a boatman who delivers travellers across a dangerous body of water. One night he cares for a leper giving him shelter, food and drink. The leper is transformed into Jesus Christ as Julian is forgiven and taken to heaven. The story was inspired by a stained glass window portraying Julian which was located in Rouen one half mile from Flaubert's boyhood home.

Herodias is the final story. It tells the story of Herod Antipas who married his brother Phillip's wife Herodias. Herod Antipas is the tetrarch of Galilee who rules from the fortress Machareus. He gives in to the desire of his sexy stepdaughter Salome's wish to have the head of John the Baptist on a platter if she will dance for him. Flaubert has done his homework and describes in detail life in first century Israel. The most memorable character who is John the Baptist who condemns the hedonistic and cruel Herod. John proclaims the coming of Jesus Christ the Messiah and Lord of Life.

These three short stories by Flaubert are excellent and well served in this handsome Penguin edition!