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Transforming Matter: A History of Chemistry from Alchemy to the Buckyball (Johns Hopkins Introductory Studies in the History of Science)
 
 
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Transforming Matter: A History of Chemistry from Alchemy to the Buckyball (Johns Hopkins Introductory Studies in the History of Science) [Paperback]

Trevor H. Levere (Author)
4.6 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (5 customer reviews)

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Book Description

0801866103 978-0801866098 July 11, 2001

Chemistry explores the way atoms interact, the constitution of the stars, and the human genome. Knowledge of chemistry makes it possible for us to manufacture dyes and antibiotics, metallic alloys, and other materials that contribute to the necessities and luxuries of human life. In Transforming Matter, noted historian Trevor H. Levere emphasizes that understanding the history of these developments helps us to appreciate the achievements of generations of chemists.

Levere examines the dynamic rise of chemistry from the study of alchemy in the seventeenth century to the development of organic and inorganic chemistry in the age of government-funded research and corporate giants. In the past two centuries, he points out, the number of known elements has quadrupled. And because of synthesis, chemistry has increasingly become a science that creates much of what it studies.

Throughout the book, Levere follows a number of recurring themes: theories about the elements, the need for classification, the status of chemical science, and the relationship between practice and theory. He illustrates these themes by concentrating on some of chemistry's most influential and innovative practitioners. Transforming Matter provides an accessible and clearly written introduction to the history of chemistry, telling the story of how the discipline has developed over the years.


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Editorial Reviews

Amazon.com Review

In 1980, writes historian Trevor Levere, University of California physicists turned an "unimaginably small sample of bismuth into gold," turning one element into another through the medium of a particle accelerator. We call such things experimental science; a medieval scholar would have called it alchemy, a lay observer magic--all of which, by Levere's account, describe modern chemistry.

The history of chemistry is being rewritten every day, notes Levere. In the last three decades alone, more than 7.5 million chemical compounds have been discovered, while great advances have been made in our understanding of the chemical composition of the heavens and our own planet. Locating its origins in ancient and medieval alchemy, the quest to divine the nature of the universe, Levere traces the development of chemistry over a series of conceptual forward steps: from Francis Bacon's development of experimental method to Lavoisier's elucidation of the part of oxygen in combustion and respiration, from Mendeleyev's invention of the periodic table of the elements to the manufacture of modern microcircuitry (which, Levere observes, "involves nearly one hundred different chemical processes").

Much as science has progressed, the author notes, the alchemical aspects of chemistry have not disappeared, as that California experiment shows. What lies ahead is anyone's guess, but, Levere concludes, the history of chemical science is one of ever-changing boundaries, and "there is no reason to assume that this fluidity will come to a sudden stop." --Gregory McNamee

From Library Journal

Levere (history of science, Univ. of Toronto) draws upon his classroom experience to write an accessible overview of the chemical sciences. Though many other histories of chemistry are in print, the low cost and comprehensive nature of this text make it attractive to libraries. As an "introductory study," it eschews chemical formulae and focuses on the big picture, considering what philosophies guided the work of chemists and to what uses chemistry was put throughout its development. Like many modern histories, it seeks to understand now-outmoded concepts in the context of their original development. For example, rather than label alchemical quests and phlogiston theory as dead ends, Levere shows how they developed from the scientific thinking of the time, reminding us that science is not about right and wrong but rather about the methods that we use to discover the truth underlying physical reality. Recommended for science collections in undergraduate and public libraries. Wade Lee, Univ. of Toledo Libs
Copyright 2001 Reed Business Information, Inc.

Product Details

  • Paperback: 232 pages
  • Publisher: The Johns Hopkins University Press (July 11, 2001)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0801866103
  • ISBN-13: 978-0801866098
  • Product Dimensions: 8.8 x 5.9 x 0.6 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 13.6 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)
  • Average Customer Review: 4.6 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (5 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #104,489 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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14 of 14 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars Terrific overview, June 12, 2003
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Micah Newman (Dallas, TX United States) - See all my reviews
(REAL NAME)   
This review is from: Transforming Matter: A History of Chemistry from Alchemy to the Buckyball (Johns Hopkins Introductory Studies in the History of Science) (Paperback)
The one-sentence review runs thus: anyone with an appreciation for science and/or history, particularly both, will enjoy this book.

The author, Trevor Levere, is obviously a consummate historian, with thorough knowledge of the workings of science and its development through the ages. Levere has a keen sense of the humanity and little ironies that make up the twists and turns of the shaping of the state of chemical knowledge at various times, and conveys them in a friendly, readable style. I found the discussion of the various approaches to gases and how knowledge of the gas laws came out out of them particularly interesting (and did you know Robert Boyle in his day was considered an "alchemist"?). The author is very good about zeroing in on the most fertile areas of discovery and expounding upon what came out of them.

There are only a couple of minor problems that don't have much impact on the overall flow of the book. One is that Faraday and electrochemistry were introduced rather abruptly, with no information about where charge-sign and current conventions came from. It was something I wanted to learn about, and felt it was rather conspicuously absent. The other is the final chapter, about 20th century chemical discoveries (DNA, buckyballs, yadda yadda), which seemed a bit meandering and aimless as a whole.

But overall, excellent, very accessible. Don't hesitate.

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11 of 12 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars An excellent and highly recommended introduction, February 7, 2002
This review is from: Transforming Matter: A History of Chemistry from Alchemy to the Buckyball (Johns Hopkins Introductory Studies in the History of Science) (Paperback)
Transforming Matter: A History Of Chemistry From Alchemy To The Buckyball is a college-level discourse on the history of chemistry and will serve as a fine basic introduction for any studying the history of science as a whole. Chapters begin with early alchemy to survey the rise of theories about the elements, the creation of classification systems, and relationships between scientific method and practices. An excellent and highly recommended introduction.
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7 of 8 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars A book from academia that thoroughly explains history of chemistry.., July 13, 2006
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This review is from: Transforming Matter: A History of Chemistry from Alchemy to the Buckyball (Johns Hopkins Introductory Studies in the History of Science) (Paperback)
I'm impressed. This book was written and published in academia. Any of my readers can tell you I have less that a good opinion of the ability of those in academia to write science so that we can understand it, let alone enjoy it. This is one book that managed to do just that, and no, I am not selling it as I need it for my poor students who have horrible textbooks to waddle through. This book not only managed to answer questions that I've had during time when I was a student learning chemistry, a graduate using chemistry in the lab, and now an instructor of chemistry...but it also tied everything together in a nice, fairly short package and get a little physics in there too (as it is hard to totally nonsurgically remove these two topics from being intertwined with each other). This is a book I highly recommend to be used as recommended reading or even required reading for students, since it did not cost much and made so many things much clearer than the more expensive textbooks did. The book introduces the r eader to almost all the major ideas and concepts in chemistry, ties them from the alchemist of the 1700s to the experimenters of the 1800s and so on, and allows the students to make a choice of whether to go on and read much more by giving a decent bibliography.

I am going to see if I can find more in these books and series that are as well-written as this book is. Science needs to be understood by everyone, and we should have the choice of whether to take advantage of its accessibility. We shouldn't have to deal with the idea that seems to be cherished among many of the elite at the Ivy League schools that we don't need to be scientifically-literate as announced by the President of Princeton last year when he said that women could not do science...somebody forgot to tell Marie Curie that, and the thousands of women who have worked in and loved science since then. It isn't his decision. It's ours, and every child in this country has a right to equal access to the same information, especially if we work our butts off trying to achieve that equality!

Karen L. Sadler
Chemistry and Science Education
U of PIttsburgh
Community College of Allegheny County
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Inside This Book (learn more)
First Sentence:
In 1980, scientists at the University of California at Berkeley used a particle accelerator to change an unimaginably small sample of bismuth into gold. Read the first page
Key Phrases - Statistically Improbable Phrases (SIPs): (learn more)
phlogistic earth, electrochemical dualism, many atomic weights, magnesia alba, tria prima, ice calorimeter, combining proportions, tetrahedral carbon atom, pneumatic trough, inflammable air, other chemists, combining weights, small whole numbers, dephlogisticated air, chemical revolution, phlogiston theory, corpuscular philosophy, ganic chemistry, chemical philosophy, fixed air, multiple proportions
Key Phrases - Capitalized Phrases (CAPs): (learn more)
Isaac Newton, Robert Boyle, Royal Society of London, French Revolution, New York, Nobel Prize, Royal Institution, John Dalton, Joseph Black, Michael Faraday, Humphry Davy, Joseph Priestley, Linus Pauling, Royal Academy of Sciences, United States, Napoleonic Wars, Stephen Hales, The Principia, Ecole Polytechnique, Elements of Chemistry, The Norton History of Chemistry, Thomas Thomson, Cambridge University, Cornell University Press, French Enlightenment
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