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"Any attempt to assess the impact of the exploration and conquest of America on early modern Europe must consider several different subjects, because the existence of America influenced the development of European civilization in a variety of ways. The European encounter with America had important intellectual consequences: it brought Europeans into contact with new lands and peoples, and in so doing challenged their traditional assumptions about geography, theology, history, and human nature. In addition, America changed Europe's commercial patterns, promising new opportunities for the expansion of European economic activity and an increase in profits. It also introduced a vast array of new products such as potatoes, tobacco, corn, cocoa, chocolate, and sugar into the lives of millions of Europeans. Moreover, the acquisition by European states of lands and resources in America had important political repercussions as well. It affected their diplomatic relations by bringing about changes in the balance of power within Europe, and fostered the growth of overseas rivalries too."
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