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What We Can't Not Know: A Guide [Paperback]

J. Budziszewski
4.4 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (28 customer reviews)


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Book Description

May 2004
J. Budziszewski’s newest book is about the lost world of common truths—about what we all really know about right and wrong.

We are passing through an eerie phase of history. The things that everyone really knows are treated as unheard of, and the principles of decency are attacked as indecent. Exposing the emptiness of contemporary moral fashions, Budziszewski explores the rules of human conduct that we can’t not know.

Budziszewski’s purpose is to "bolster the confidence of plain people in the rational foundations of their common moral sense." There are certain moral truths—"as real as arithmetic"—that are part of the equipment of a rational mind. He describes the basic principles of morality known to all men, explains why those principles are under attack, and demonstrates that we do in fact know what we think we know.

Addressing "the persuaded, the half-persuaded, and the wish-I-were-persuaded," Budziszewski shows Protestants, Catholics, and Jews the unanimity of their traditions on the common truths. And what about the unpersuaded, those who deny the reality of a moral law? They are on the other side of a dispute over the basic norms for human life. Civility, Budziszewski insists, does not require denying the unprecedented gulf between the two sides. What’s needed are both charity and clarity, which Budziszewski provides in abundance.

"A few times in a generation, if we are fortunate, moral intelligence finds a voice as lucid, engaging, and relentless as that of J. Budziszewski," says Richard John Neuhaus, publisher of First Things.



Editorial Reviews

From Publishers Weekly

Once upon a time, Budziszewski contends, a common moral ground existed so that all cultures could agree on moral absolutes. In contemporary society, however, such mutual ground has given way to shifting moral sands and new "situational" ethics. According to Budziszewski, an associate professor of government and philosophy at the University of Texas, none of these new systems offers strong moral foundations. Very simply, he argues, we all have deep inside us a moral regulator-our conscience-that tells us right from wrong. This conscience is part of our human nature, and the law that it writes on our hearts is the natural law of God. Thus, contends Budziszewski, we all know it's wrong to murder, steal, lie, commit adultery or have abortions because our conscience tells us so. No matter how we justify cheating on a spouse, he argues that "we can't not know" the activity is wrong. Budziszewski finds fault with every ethical system but his own because they fail to account for this natural, absolute law written in our hearts. He also egregiously misrepresents certain philosophical positions to make his case. He mistakenly presents utilitarianism, for example, as an ethical system guided by the principle of pleasure instead of emphasizing utilitarianism's focus on the greatest good for the greatest number. Despite his tendency to make straw men out of the systems he opposes, Budziszewski passionately and polemically challenges what he sees as the moral shortcomings of contemporary society.
Copyright 2003 Reed Business Information, Inc. --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title.

From Booklist

According to the natural law, a concept Christianity adopted and modified from Greek and Roman philosophy, knowledge of God's existence and of fundamental moral principles constitutes humanity's universal common sense. It isn't innate, however, but must be inculcated through traditional moral systems, such as the Tao, the dharma, and the Ten Commandments. Budziszewski invokes the last as best known to most of his potential readers and cites Judaic and Christian scripture, yet this is no religious tract but a philosophical exposition and a disputation on current moral attitudes and issues, especially abortion. Framing the entire presentation in terms of a lost world of moral consensus, Budziszewski says the natural law grounds a rational worldview that has been discredited by sin and guilt, and displaced by worldviews grounded in sensation (he is particularly cogent on the varieties of modern atheistic or agnostic feelings). But the natural law weltanschauung could be reestablished, and Budziszewski concludes his superb "guide" with broad advice on how to do so (for one thing, "we must repent abortion"). Ray Olson
Copyright © American Library Association. All rights reserved --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title.

Product Details

  • Paperback: 272 pages
  • Publisher: Spence Publishing Company (May 2004)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 1890626546
  • ISBN-13: 978-1890626549
  • Product Dimensions: 9 x 6.2 x 0.9 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 15 ounces
  • Average Customer Review: 4.4 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (28 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #1,263,304 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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Customer Reviews

Most Helpful Customer Reviews
130 of 137 people found the following review helpful
By A Customer
Format:Hardcover
Ever hear a moral position advanced at a cocktail party or on the TV, and thought, "I know there's something wrong with that.... but I just can't quite figure out exactly what?"
This book may help.

J. Budziszewski mixes systematic moral philosophy from a natural-law point of view with specific arguments on the life/death issues of our times (abortion, euthanasia) and on the state's interest in preserving privileges of marriage to one-man-and-one-woman couples. At times the effect is a little frustrating -- as a reader I sometimes found myself longing for the "pure" natural-law position-paper unencumbered by specific examples. However, it is clear from the book that the integrity of the author demands that he address these specific, most consequential moral issues of contemporary U.S. culture, as examples and instances of the general argument.

Most useful to me was the "conversational" chapter near the center of the book, in which Budziszewski answers various objections to Natural Law. One suspects this "conversation" is very like exchanges he has with his students daily. His ability to point out the flaws in various presentations of moral relativism was particularly satisfying.

Budziszewski himself says this book is not intended to convince the opponent or the skeptic, but rather to strengthen the "common sense" and natural conscience-awareness of the already convinced, and those who wannabe convinced. If you fall into the latter two groups, this book is worth a read.

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98 of 105 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars Pure gold. February 13, 2006
Format:Paperback
I have read hundreds of books on religion, morality, and philosophy, but Budziszewski has taught me much that I did not know, or at least realize. C. S. Lewis' Abolition of Man is wise warning to an age in which we tinker with the formula for man: but Dr. B goes beyond Lewis. His work is like the anti-dote to a deadly pandemic.

In my book, Jesus and the Religions of Man, I asked, "Where did Marx go wrong?" I pointed out that Marxists created a three-fold hierarchy of moral values for "the classes, the masses, and the enlightened." They criticized capitalists for oppressing the poor, nagged ordinary people to work hard, don't spit, and take thought for comrades, and justified their own actions by a loose "end-justifies the means" code. The existence of these three systems side by side I found not only hypocritical, but ironic, since Marx himself said communism "abolishes" all morality. But I did not have an explanation for the phenomena, beyond noting that moral law seems hard to abolish.

Budziszewski does not say much about Marxism, but he does explain this, and similar, behavior. He argues that "deep conscience" exists in everyone, and that ultimate values -- neatly summarized by the Ten Commandments -- are indestructable. His writing is lucid and brilliantly (and perhaps deceptively) simple. Even though this book is chock-full of interesting ideas, it is easy to read.

I found two main weaknesses, one negative, the other positive. The negative weakness is that Dr. B's case would be not only easier to digest, but also stronger if he referred to non-Western cultures more. (Having lived many years in and studied several Asian cultures, examples that confirm his argument spring to mind.) The positive weakness is that Dr.
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63 of 69 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars Best introduction to Natural Law that I've seen November 8, 2004
Format:Hardcover|Amazon Verified Purchase
Over the last few years, I've been looking for a good book on Natural Law, and Budziszewski has written three of them (see also his 'Written On the Heart' and 'The Revenge of Conscience'); 'What We Can't Not Know' is the best, most complete, popular-level treatment I've seen.

Budziszewski emphasizes the Natural Law as 'built into' (or, more properly, 'designed into') the universe, and 'built into' our own human nature (ie, 'written on our hearts'). As such, the force of Natural Law doesn't depend on whether or not one 'accepts' it (this reminds me of Churchill's famous quip when told that Lady Astor had "accepted the universe" - "she'd better"). Transgressing the Natural Law has inevitable consequences, some of them quite unexpected, or with long time lags.

Budziszewski states at the beginning that he is writing for a Christian audience, which is fine, as far as it goes, but it leaves me waiting for his next(?) book, in which he states his case to those "outside the household of faith". It seems to me that Natural Law ideas could be very helpful for public discourse, at least insofar as they can show that Judeo-Christian moral reasoning doesn't depend solely on matters of faith or revelation.
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51 of 57 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars You can't not know that Budziszewski is right! January 6, 2004
Format:Hardcover
No modern writer does a better job than Dr. J. Budziszewski in uncovering all of the excuses and dispersing all of the smoke screens that we create to deny the undeniable. In "What We Can't Not Know," J. Budziszewski will "dredge your Conscience" to remind you that you and everyone else really does know basic right and wrong.

But Budziszewski goes far beyond proving the reality of morality and our Consciences. He provides unparalleled insights into how our Consciences impact our behavior, particularly to what he calls the Five Furies: remorse, confession, atonement, reconciliation, and justification. His discussion not only has import to our personal lives, but also helps us understand what drives many modern political movements, especially those dealing with the moral issues of abortion and homosexuality.

The Q & A style in the chapter dealing with objections is also very helpful. One objection goes like this: "Maybe nothing has moral meaning." To which Budziszewski answers: "If you really believed that were true, then you wouldn't bother to argue with me."

This leads me to a comment about some reviewers who take issue with this book. Pay no attention--read the book for yourself. As an author myself, there is nothing more frustrating than a reviewer who has not carefully read the text or simply refuses to acknowledge plain facts. That's the case with at least one reviewer here who seems morally outraged that Budziszewski would allegedly misrepresent his worldview. Well, if Budziszewski's overall thesis about the existence and knowability of a true morality is incorrect, then the reviewer has nothing to be morally outraged about. There's nothing morally wrong with diliberately misrepresenting anything, so why is the reviewer bothering to argue?...

Ironically, after reading "What We Can't Not Know," you'll know what other people already know even though they deny they know it! The book will help you dredge that knowledge up from the Consciences of your friends who are in denial.

So if you want to be reminded about what you already know, gain tremendous insights into why people do some of the things they do, and have many of your questions answered about moral issues, then study "What We Can't Not Know." If you'd rather remain in denial, then avoid this book. Certainly don't try to refute it. Off-target attempts to refute it may prove Dr. Budziszewski's point! Read more ›

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Most Recent Customer Reviews
5.0 out of 5 stars Excellent Read! intellectually challenging yet accessible
The author does a great job laying out the philosophical and intellectual basis of natural law in a manner that is easy to follow. Read more
Published 1 month ago by PaulG
5.0 out of 5 stars Enlightening
A primer on Natural Law. What is this thing? Is conscience itself the main light of it and at the heart of human nature. Read more
Published 4 months ago by R Durero
5.0 out of 5 stars Awesome
I really enjoy this book the delivery time was great, and the condition was great. Of course, it's on my kindle, I like the fact that Amazon has made this accessible on the... Read more
Published 6 months ago by Derrick L. Ford
5.0 out of 5 stars What We Can't Not Know
This is an excellent treatise on the natural law, or self evident truths of which we are all aware at some level or another. Read more
Published 11 months ago by MLP
4.0 out of 5 stars Great Intro Into Natural Law Theory With Some Major Flaws
This was a real fun read. The author, J. B., writes with conversational eloquence that makes it easy to engage with his thinking and argumentation. Read more
Published 16 months ago by Ronald C. Payne
5.0 out of 5 stars Excellent.
I strongly recommend this book. It is even-handed in its approach, admitting what we can and cannot know from natural law alone. Read more
Published 23 months ago by M. Anderson
5.0 out of 5 stars What we can't not know
I found this to be a well organized and written, highly readable argument for the existence of absolute values of right and wrong that are embedded in the conscience of every human... Read more
Published 23 months ago by Pete Pratt
5.0 out of 5 stars One of the most important books I've read
Reading this followed my first reading of Kierkegaard's "The Sickness Unto Death" and a re-read of "The Lord of the Rings", so I was in something of a unique frame of mind. Read more
Published on June 16, 2011 by Zachary Cochran
5.0 out of 5 stars Brilliant
Budziszewski is a brilliant thinker and writer. He's a Christian, but he has been an atheist, so he understands the common objections to religion. Read more
Published on May 17, 2011 by A. K. Borenstadt
5.0 out of 5 stars The introduction to the Natural Law I wanted
J. Budziszewski was an Evangelical who converted to the Catholic Church in 2004. His book on the Natural Law "What we can't not know" was published by Spence around the same time. Read more
Published on March 6, 2011 by Jeffrey Miller
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