From Publishers Weekly
At what point does an embryo or fetus become "human"? This question is at the core of today's battle over stem cell research, and that battle, Maienschein believes, is central to questions about the respective roles of science and morality in a democracy. Maienschein, director of the Center for Biology and Society at Arizona State University, puts the question of when life begins in historical and philosophical context. Thomas Aquinas and other early Christian theologians followed Aristotle's view that the fetus acquired first a vegetable soul, then an animal soul and, finally, a rational soul; abortion before the rational ensoulment was not murder. For centuries, the author explains, knowledge of human development in the womb was limited to observation of miscarried or aborted fetuses or to studying animal gestation. In the mid-19th century, the science of embryology came into being, and of course only in the late 20th century were scientists able to use imaging technology such as ultrasound to watch the development of the fetus. Maienschein then moves from history to current science and policy. A former congressional science adviser, she knows how government works-and fails to work-when it comes to setting policy on complex issues like cloning. She believes that George W. Bush's 2001 decision to limit stem cell research to lines that existed at that time is shortsighted, but she presents a balanced account of the controversy. This book should be required reading for anyone trying to understand the scientific and ethical issues that will dominate medicine in the next quarter century.
Copyright 2003 Reed Business Information, Inc.
Review
At what point does an embryo or fetus become 'human'? This question is at the core of today's battle over stem cell research, and that battle, Maienschein believes, is central to questions about the respective roles of science and morality in a democracy. Maienschein, director of the Center for Biology and Society at Arizona State University, puts the question of when life begins in historical and philosophical context....This book should be required reading for anyone trying to understand the scientific and ethical issues that will dominate medicine in the next quarter century. (
Publishers Weekly 20040710)
Maienschein brilliantly brings to the debate a variable absent in most discussions of the subject--history...[She] offers an insider's view on several fronts. A well-established academic whose field is the history of developmental biology, she is also a former Congressional fellow, and thus is well placed to deplore politicians' strategic invocation of the phrase 'sound science' to support their a priori ideological positions. Her mantra is that good ethics begin with good facts, such as the fact that differentiated cells appear and have the capacity to experience sensation only after fourteen days; that the heart beats only after twenty-two days; that organisms at birth are the product of both genes and the womb environment, which interact in an endless feedback loop; that societies have in the past drawn the line on where life begins at myriad points and will continue to do so as science and our tools shift our understanding of what life is. In short, her message is that, in a democratic pluralistic society, we must use facts and the lessons of history rather than gut instincts...to navigate a course that is respectful of competing views while rising to the challenges of biomedicine. (Michele Pridmore-Brown
Times Literary Supplement )
The debate in America over abortion and research with human embryos is so polarized that it is easy to forget that today's passionately held views of the intrinsic moral status of the embryo are but the latest in an ever-evolving understanding of human biology and its implications for theology and philosophy. Jane Maienschein's delightful book
Whose View of Life? is a welcome reminder--and, for optimists, represents the hope--that today's intransigence might someday yield to a humbler stance by all partisans in this debate. (R. Alta Charo
New England Journal of Medicine )
Maienschein's historical account is both engaging and accurate. (Robert Winston
Nature )
Jane Maienschein's engaging new book
Whose View of Life? offers a historical perspective on the current debates over human embryo research. Maienschein's aim is to reveal the ways in which our understanding of what defines the beginning of a human life has been contested and has undergone transformation through the centuries. Her concise, elegant, and sweeping overview of the history of developmental biology shows how advances in science have often compelled the reformulation of questions and answers concerning the definition of when a life begins. (Andrew W. Siegel
Journal of the American Medical Association )
The hype surrounding embryonic stem-cell research is being played out in newspaper headlines touting miracle cures and ethical crises...Amid this cacophony, reading Jane Maienschein's thoughtful book,
Whose View of Life?, is a quiet pleasure...Maienschein recommends tolerance, humility, and the avoidance of 'false dichotomies' that pit science against religion, or saving the life of a sick person against taking the life of an embryo. Neither science nor religious morality alone have the answers, she argues. (Stephen Pincock
The Lancet )
In providing a highly readable and reliable account of the history of attempts to understand the details of animal reproduction, [the author] offers an essential background for all who wish to base their views concerning the controversial issues of cloning, stem cell research and the scientific use of human embryos on evidence rather than on a fear of the unknown...She has done her part to defend reason and evidence, and for that, she deserves the attention and admiration of citizens concerned with the future of science in the United States. (Hannah Hardgrave
Metapsychology Online )
