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Why Waco?: Cults and the Battle for Religious Freedom in America
 
 
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Why Waco?: Cults and the Battle for Religious Freedom in America [Paperback]

James D. Tabor (Author), Eugene V. Gallagher (Author)
3.2 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (4 customer reviews)

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Book Description

0520208994 978-0520208995 April 19, 1997
The 1993 government assault on the Branch Davidian compound near Waco, Texas, resulted in the deaths of four federal agents and eighty Branch Davidians, including seventeen children. Whether these tragic deaths could have been avoided is still debatable, but what seems clear is that the events in Texas have broad implications for religious freedom in America.
James Tabor and Eugene Gallagher's bold examination of the Waco story offers the first balanced account of the siege. They try to understand what really happened in Waco: What brought the Branch Davidians to Mount Carmel? Why did the government attack? How did the media affect events? The authors address the accusations of illegal weapons possession, strange sexual practices, and child abuse that were made against David Koresh and his followers. Without attempting to excuse such actions, they point out that the public has not heard the complete story and that many media reports were distorted.
The authors have carefully studied the Davidian movement, analyzing the theology and biblical interpretation that were so central to the group's functioning. They also consider how two decades of intense activity against so-called cults have influenced public perceptions of unorthodox religions.
In exploring our fear of unconventional religious groups and how such fear curtails our ability to tolerate religious differences, Why Waco? is an unsettling wake-up call. Using the events at Mount Carmel as a cautionary tale, the authors challenge all Americans, including government officials and media representatives, to closely examine our national commitment to religious freedom.

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Editorial Reviews

From Publishers Weekly

Tabor, a University of North Carolina religious studies professor, was a consultant to lawyers mediating directly with David Koresh during the 51-day siege in Waco, Texas, in 1993 that left four federal agents dead and engulfed the Branch Davidian compound in flames, killing 74 members, including 21 children. He and Gallagher, a religious studies professor at Connecticut College, make a compelling case that the confrontation was avoidable and could have been resolved peacefully. Attorney General Janet Reno made her decision to end the siege by force, they claim, against her better judgment under pressure from officials who gave her reports containing unsupported allegations of child abuse and sexual misconduct among the Branch Davidians. Much less convincing is the authors' attempt to refute the media image of ex-Seventh Day Adventist Koresh as a cruel, megalomaniacal, polygamous fanatic who manipulated his devotees. Rejecting the label of "cult," the authors view the Branch Davidians and kindred groups as genuine, albeit unconventional, religious movements whose critics misunderstand the dynamics of charismatic leadership.
Copyright 1995 Reed Business Information, Inc. --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title.

From Library Journal

This is a sober?and sobering?examination of the 1993 Branch Davidian crisis and its unsettling implications for church-state relations in the United States. Tabor (religious studies, Univ. of North Carolina) was there, talking with both David Koresh and the FBI and helping to contextualize Koresh's actions, reactions, and decisions in light of his belief system. Together with Gallagher (religious studies, Connecticut Coll.), he closely examines Davidian interpretations of biblical prophesy, analyzes popular media representations of unpopular religions, and questions the violent responses sparked by suggestions of cult. A 20-page appendix presents Koresh's unfinished manuscript on the Book of Revelation. An intelligent, thoroughly documented study, Why Waco? is especially important given the battle for the Religious Freedom Restoration Act and the Congressional hearings on Waco. Highly recommended, particularly for academic and church libraries.?Bill Piekarski, Southwestern Coll. Lib., Chula Vista, Cal.
Copyright 1995 Reed Business Information, Inc. --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title.

Product Details

  • Paperback: 254 pages
  • Publisher: University of California Press (April 19, 1997)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0520208994
  • ISBN-13: 978-0520208995
  • Product Dimensions: 9 x 6 x 0.8 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 15.2 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)
  • Average Customer Review: 3.2 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (4 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #372,101 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

More About the Author

James D. Tabor is chair of the Department of Religious Studies at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte where he has taught since 1989. Previously he held posts at Notre Dame and William and Mary. He holds a Ph.D. in biblical studies and early Christianity from the University of Chicago and is an expert on the Dead Sea Scrolls and Christian origins. The author of several previous books, he is frequently consulted by the media on these topics and has appeared on numerous television and radio programs.

 

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Most Helpful Customer Reviews

13 of 14 people found the following review helpful:
4.0 out of 5 stars a worthy read!, November 25, 2002
This book shows the human side of the Branch Davidians that was certainly missing in the sensationalistic portrayal presented by the media. Rather than seeing the Branch Davidians as mindless followers of a madman, Tabor and Gallagher show the reader the history, theology and genuine fervency of the movement, as well as David Koresh.
This book does well to show the other side to the Waco tragedy. One that is often missing when discussing "cults" or new religious movements. One realizes that the true tragedy perhaps is the unnecessary loss of lives in Waco due to government fumbling, media sensationalism and anti-cult misdoings.
It is informative and easy-to-read and gives much food for thought on the saliency of the media in forming our opinions.
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4.0 out of 5 stars like an old obsession for me, August 25, 2011
By 
Bruce P. Barten (Saint Paul, MN United States) - See all my reviews
(REAL NAME)   
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This review is from: Why Waco?: Cults and the Battle for Religious Freedom in America (Paperback)
Now that a Chinese version of Martin Luther Stonehood is an official monument to American religion, the contents of the book Why Waco? (1995) by James D. Tabor and Eugene V. Gallagher provide a picture of what religion means to some Americans who wish to be free of everybody else. Someone who personified himself as David Koresh in Texas found that the federal government wished to impose its power over him as soon as William Jefferson Clinton became President of the United States of America in 1993.

Chicken out!

The FBI became involved after BATF ran out of ammunition on February 28, 1993. David Koresh was expected to come out and surrender to the authorities, but when he did not, and proclaimed that he was waiting on God's word, the FBI suspected that he had planned to blow himself up on national TV when he came out but lost his nerve and chickened out. Modern security measures include a check for explosive underwear as suicide bombers have made the FBI more concerned about security than about the ordinary crimes that could be made up in retaliation for not being treated like dust in a society that pulverizes whatever has not already been nailed down. Electricity was shut off but search lights kept the property lit through the night, and the vehicles of the Branch Davidians were crushed or removed by armored vehicles.

End of the world!

David Koresh was expecting the end of the world to be in 1995. He considered the American empire a new Babylon and found scripture to support his view that Koresh was an expected prophet capable of explaining the transcendental nature of life in his own time. This is mainly the point that interests James D. Tabor and Eugene V. Gallagher, the authors of Why Waco?

Triumph of the therapeutic!

American ideas about cults as groups of people under the control of a person who considers himself their prophet. As an example of how common events became a heavenly sign for the Branch Davidians, I quote:

Paul Harvey had mentioned
a "guitar-shaped nebula"
on his national radio news report. (p. 12).

According to the Gospels,
Jesus had predicted that
shortly before the end
such heavenly signs would appear.
The Davidians were particularly
impressed that this comet had been
described as having a guitarlike shape,
since Koresh had always understood his
role as a guitar player in his rock band
to be an integral part of his prophetic mission. (p. 12).

On March 7, 1993, Phillip Arnold and James Tabor offered their services to the FBI. The Koresh tape of March 2 convinced them that they should communicate directly with David Koresh. On March 16, Koresh and Schneider made a formal request to the FBI that they be allowed to discuss the Bible with Arnold. On April 1, Arnold and Tabor had a discussion on the Ron Engleman daily talk show on radio station KGBS. An attorney, Dick DeGuerin, was allowed to take a tape of this discussion to Koresh on April 4. On April 14, Koresh released a letter announcing that he would come out as soon as he completes a manuscript for Arnold and Tabor.

Crimes against humor!

By shifting to the transcendental level of theology, David Koresh thought he had found a way for people of this generation to be saved. His letter said:

I thank my Father.
He has finally granted me
the chance to do this.
It will bring new light
and hope for many
and they will not have
to deal with me the person. (p. 15).

As soon as I can see
that people like Jim Tabor
and Phil Arnold have a copy
I will come out and then
you can do your thing
with this beast. (p. 16).

Counterintelligence loves to work itself into a situation where someone else thinks everything is going according to the transcendental scheme of things, like Jesus riding into Jerusalem, just before pulling the rug out from under him. The martyrdom of Branch Davidians and the Reverend Doctor Martin Luther King, Jr., winner of the Nobel Peace Prize was right in line with the mocking nature of lamestream American superpower policies. I quote:

The FBI immediately responded
to this latest breakthrough
with ridicule.
They joked about Koresh,
the high-school dropout,
writing a book
and labeled Koresh's
"word from God"
nothing more than
another "delay tactic"
to prolong the agony
of the siege for his
own purposes. (p. 17).

People who work for the FBI do not expect to be saved by anything pulled out of the Bible by someone who was not considered a saint, as the Apostle Paul is being recognized continuously in Minnesota by having a capital city name Saint Paul and Saint Peter has his own Minnesota city for people who never want to move away from Second Peter, Chapter 2. Just for the record, by April, 1993, I quote:

on the whole the government
did not trust Koresh
and considered him
insincere and manipulative. (p. 17).

Dr. Miron noted that Koresh's
discussion in the letter of
mundane issues such as
book rights, and his ability to
contact his lawyer
after he `comes out,'
were future oriented
and therefore inconsistent
with typical suicide precursors
such as self-blame, guilt,
or despair. (p. 18).

Such perceptions,
whether valid or not,
obscured the only
positive means of dealing with
Koresh and his followers. (p. 21).

That is all taken from the first chapter. An Appendix at the end has the manuscript by David Koresh and a commentary by James D. Tabor and J. Phillip Arnold. Koresh expected a Branch of David "would appear at the end of time and open the Seven Seals. (p. 205). It was "Ben Roden . . . in 1970," (p. 209) who added Branch to the name of the group, and Koresh wanted to be "the actual, final manifestation of the Lamb" (p. 209).
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1 of 5 people found the following review helpful:
4.0 out of 5 stars Contrary to what the last reviewer posted here, this book is another important one in the battle of Freedom of Religion in U.S, July 24, 2009
By 
Ricahrd A. Salzer (Chesapeake, Virginia, USA) - See all my reviews
(REAL NAME)   
This review is from: Why Waco?: Cults and the Battle for Religious Freedom in America (Paperback)
This important book, written by researchers
James D. Tabor and Eugene V. Gallagher tells
who the Branch Dividians were, ehy they held
their 'self-apocolyptic' views and what brou-
ght them to the Mount Carmel Complex in the
first place.

What guided this misguided but essentially
harmless groups of 'end-times'ers' to be
masacred by the Federal jack-booted Fascists?

Find out how this (real) American 'holacaust'
happened and how to prevent another episode of
the Feds killing sprees in the future. Recom-
mended. - Rich Salzer, Director / Editor, HRL
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Inside This Book (learn more)
First Sentence:
THE FBI AGENTS CALLED to Mount Carmel center outside Waco, Texas, on February 28, 1993, can hardly be expected to have packed their Bibles. Read the first page
Key Phrases - Statistically Improbable Phrases (SIPs): (learn more)
anticult position, anticult stereotype, anticult activists, unconventional religious groups, anticult forces, sinful messiah, seventh messenger, anticult movement, destructive cults, justice report, seven seals, coercive persuasion, first seal, dangerous cults, fifth seal, living prophet, rescue situation
Key Phrases - Capitalized Phrases (CAPs): (learn more)
Mount Carmel, Branch Davidians, David Koresh, Seven Seals, Seventh-Day Adventist, United States, Marc Breault, Lois Roden, Peoples Temple, Kingdom of God, Waco Tribune-Herald, Steve Schneider, Jesus Christ, Livingstone Fagan, Vernon Howell, Jeannine Bunds, Rick Ross, George Roden, Martin King, Second Coming, Victor Houteff, Elizabeth Baranyai, Jim Jones, San Antonio, William Miller
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