The World's Newest Profession: Management Consulting in the Twentieth Century (Cambridge Studies in the Emergence of Global Enterprise) [Hardcover]

Christopher D. McKenna (Author)

Book Description

Publication Date: June 30, 2006 | Series: Cambridge Studies in the Emergence of Global Enterprise

In The World's Newest Profession, Christopher McKenna offers a history of management consulting in the twentieth century. While management consulting may not yet be a recognized profession, the leading consulting firms have been advising and reshaping the largest organizations in the world since the 1920s. This groundbreaking study details how the elite consulting firms, including McKinsey and Booz Allen, expanded after U.S. regulatory changes during the 1930s, how they changed giant corporations, nonprofits, and the state during the 1950s, and why consultants became so influential in the global economy after 1960. As they grew in numbers, consultants would introduce organizations to "corporate culture" and "decentralization" but they faced vilification for their role in the Enron crisis and for legitimating corporate blunders. Through detailed case studies based on unprecedented access to internal files and personal interviews, The World's Newest Profession explores how management consultants came to be so influential within our culture and explains exactly what consultants really do in the global economy.

Editorial Reviews

Review

"McKenna has unearthed the distinctly American origins of modern consulting in the evolution of financial market regulation - surprisingly and convincingly."
-John Clarkeson, Co-Chairman of the Board, The Boston Consulting Group

"This book should be required reading for everyone who teaches at a business school, as well as for all MBA students. I recommend it to anyone interested in the upheavals around corporate governance and professional ethics that marked the turn of the 21st century."
-JoAnne Yates, Sloan Distinguished Professor of Management, MIT Sloan School of Management

"If you use consultants, or claim to be a consultant, you should read this book."
-Charles Wilson, CEO, Booker Ltd.

"Witch doctors or miracle workers? Whatever your view of management consultants, it pays to understand how the world's leading consulting firms have become so influential. McKenna's superb history reveals how one crucial piece of US legislation - the 1933 Glass-Steagall Act - and one vibrant American city - Chicago - spawned an industry that has transformed the face of global business and national government in the 20th century."
-Martin Giles, Managing Director, The Economist Group, North America

"Fascinating, frightening, and perfectly timed - McKenna's sweeping survey shines a brilliant light on a profession that has always preferred to keep outsiders in the dark."
-Martin Kihn, author of House of Lies: How Management Consultants Steal Your Watch and then Tell You the Time

"McKenna opens the private world of management consulting to his keen analytical eye, providing a rich, absorbing accounting of the rise and expansion of this profession, and a sharp critique of consulting's role in shaping the strategies of the world's largest corporations. This is a fascinating, revealing book about a profession that has received little serious, sustained scholarly attention."
-Walter W. Powell, Professor of Education & Sociology, Stanford University

"This history of management consulting analyses an important stream of the history of modern business itself. Today's managers can put its insights to practical use when engaging - or deciding not to engage - consultants."
-Tony Tyler, Chief Operating Office, Cathay Pacific Airways

"McKenna's book does a superb job of exploring the role that this industry played in transforming (not always for the better) a variety of different types of organizations - from businesses to religious and charitable associations to government agencies - and through them much of the fabric of modern life."
-Naomi Lamoreaux, Professor of Economics & History, University of California, Los Angeles

"History is not bunk. With Glass-Steagall repealed and the aftershocks of the Enron scandal by no means over, the timing of The World's Newest Profession could hardly be more fortuitous. McKenna's breadth of scholarship and clarity of argument will undoubtedly sit, like Banquo's ghost, at the consulting banquet for years to come."
-Fiona Czerniawska, Consulting to Management

"McKenna offers a lively look at a profession that has often been shrouded in secrecy, and shows how it has become enormously lucrative - although not always as a result of the quality of advice being doled out. Interesting and provocative, McKenna's book offers a lens to understand the development of the modern corporation."
-Jon Housman, Managing Director, The Wall Street Journal Europe

"It is an exhaustive account of the history of management consultancy that has been several years in the making. Although academic thoroughness is one of its chief merits, the book remains readable and entertaining throughout. McKenna's serious and not unsympathetic approach allows him to debunk certain myths about consultancy without falling into the trap of becoming an unthinking critic. It is a sober and truthful antidote to all the glossy consultancy marketing brochures that promise "strategic solutions" and "value-added" analysis."
-Stefan Stern, Financial Times

"Well-researched, thoughtful."
-Choice

"...this is a fascinating book whose accessible and clear writing style should ensure a wide readership. The footnotes provide a wonderful resource for any student of management consulting and knowledge-intensive firms. Its broad sweep and rich detail mean that it is destined to become a key text in this area."
-Timothy Clark, Durham University, Administrative Science Quarterly

"This groundbreaking study details how the leading consulting companies expanded after U.S. regulatory changes during the 1930s."
-Abstracts of Public Administration, Development, and Environment

'Christopher D. McKenna's masterful, impeccably researched, prize-winning study of management consulting exemplifies the best that business history has to offer to the larger historical profession, the business community, and to those who shape the public policy."
Albert Churella, Southern Polytechnic State University Journal of American History

Book Description

In The World's Newest Profession, Christopher McKenna offers a history of management consulting in the twentieth century. This study details how the elite consulting firms expanded after U.S. regulatory changes during the 1930s, how they changed giant corporations, nonprofits, and the state during the 1950s, and explains exactly what consultants really do and why they became so influential in the global economy after 1960.

See all Editorial Reviews

Product Details

• Hardcover: 392 pages
• Publisher: Cambridge University Press (June 30, 2006)
• Language: English
• ISBN-10: 0521810396
• ISBN-13: 978-0521810395
• Product Dimensions: 9.3 x 6.3 x 1.1 inches
• Shipping Weight: 1.4 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)
• Average Customer Review: 4.8 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (6 customer reviews)
• Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #1,098,404 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

More About the Author

Discover books, learn about writers, read author blogs, and more.

Customer Reviews

Most Helpful Customer Reviews

4 of 4 people found the following review helpful:

4.0 out of 5 stars Welfare recipients?, October 6, 2006

By 

Declan Murphy (MD, US) - See all my reviews
(REAL NAME)   

Amazon Verified Purchase

This review is from: The World's Newest Profession: Management Consulting in the Twentieth Century (Cambridge Studies in the Emergence of Global Enterprise) (Hardcover)

This is an excellent book covering the history and development of management consulting. The foundation and prospering of the "profession", its dependence on somewhat arbitrary regulatory decisions and the continuing impact of government policy and court actions on its development is clearly explained. There is also much practical comment and speculation on the likely effects of recent legal changes on the industry's development.

McKenna's detailed research and extensive knowledge of the field is evident but he (mostly) successfully avoids strangling his narrative with excessive detail, encapsulating them in footnotes. Speaking of which, the footnotes can be a little overpowering - more than 100 pages worth. Maybe he should have highlighted the more entertaining ones to make them easier to find.

Overall, I found the insights interesting and thought provoking. Definitely worth reading if you have an interest in the history or future of the profession.

4 of 5 people found the following review helpful:

5.0 out of 5 stars Excellent Book, January 18, 2007

By 

Carol (Oak Ridge, NJ, United States) - See all my reviews
(REAL NAME)   

Amazon Verified Purchase

This review is from: The World's Newest Profession: Management Consulting in the Twentieth Century (Cambridge Studies in the Emergence of Global Enterprise) (Hardcover)

I bought this book to read the section on Lukens Steel (about whom I am writing a book) but it was so good that I read the whole thing, just for pleasure. For me, it was a clear explanation of a world that I had glimpsed, but never entered. Now I know why Harvard MBAs make so much money.

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful:

5.0 out of 5 stars Exceptional look into the history of the consulting industry, January 10, 2009

By 

Erik Gfesser (Lombard, IL United States) - See all my reviews
(VINE VOICE)    (REAL NAME)   

Amazon Verified Purchase

This review is from: The World's Newest Profession: Management Consulting in the Twentieth Century (Cambridge Studies in the Emergence of Global Enterprise) (Hardcover)

A discussion of the consulting industry from its early origins in the late 1800s is what makes this book unique. The commentary that McKenna offers is superb. And some readers may be interested in the substantial end notes provided for this history, something rarely seen in books of this genre. While management consulting is the focus, a limited discussion of technology consulting is also provided. The subject of this book is the answer to the question of "just how had the leading management consulting firms come to achieve such a dominant economic and cultural position?" As McKenna explains, "the historical explanation for the dominance of management consulting, as it turns out, was not to be found in the pragmatic choices of university graduates, but in a set of regulatory changes in America during the 1930s, the 1950s, and the 1980s that were bolstered by the strategic development of new markets by the leading management consulting firms. American antitrust regulation shielded early consultants from competition from rival professionals even as entrepreneurial firms created new lucrative practices by concentrating on particular market segments[.]" In fact, "this regulatory history helps to explain why most of the leading management consulting firms in the world are American in contrast to the other business professions, like law or accounting, where state regulation did not favor one geographic market over another. Remarkably, the regulatory history returned to haunt management consulting firms at the end of the twentieth century because corporate board members had come to rely so heavily on professionals to reduce their corporate liability. Throughout the twentieth century, state regulation, as much as international innovation, first shaped and then reshaped the evolutionary path of management consulting". Very timely reading, especially in light of the recent (January 2009) revelation that PricewaterhouseCoopers was the auditor of Satyam Computer's doctored accounts. McKenna discusses the seemingly similar (and familiar) case associated with Arthur Andersen and Enron, but not until the ninth chapter, and this is not the focus of the book (there have been other texts solely focused on the Enron case if that is what interests the reader). This book provides remarkable insight into the consulting industry, and is recommended reading for all consultants, those who are considering consulting as a profession, and all business professionals seeking better understanding of the consulting industry.