Seven Miles to Freedom: The Robert Smalls Story (Hardcover)

~ (Author), Duane Smith (Illustrator)

Editorial Reviews

From School Library Journal

Grade 3–7—Born and raised a slave in coastal South Carolina, Smalls worked on the docks, then learned shipbuilding and piloting. In an amazing feat of daring in 1862, he stole a Confederate ship by impersonating the captain, sent a rowboat to pick up waiting family members, sailed past five Confederate forts, and turned the ship over to Union troops blockading the area. Smalls became the first African-American captain of a United States vessel; he later served in the South Carolina legislature and the United States Congress. He was featured in Eloise Greenfield's collective biography How They Got Over (Amistad, 2003), but this book is an excellent vehicle to bring his story to a wider audience. Although presented in picture-book format, the text is detailed and there is a lot of it; the artistically beautiful but impressionistic images require some visual maturity from the audience. The oil paintings employ thick, bold strokes and deep saturated colors to convey Smalls's strength and determination in successfully delivering his and his crew's family members to freedom.—Lucinda Snyder Whitehurst, St. Christopher's School, Richmond, VA
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From Booklist

Halfmann focuses mostly on Smalls as a young slave whose master lets him work on the waterfront, and then on the planning of his secret escape to freedom. Spacious, impressionistic oil paintings accompany a text that describes Smalls, who, when the Civil War breaks out, uses his expert navigational skills and knowledge of the secret steam-whistle signals to guide his ship past harbor guards to escape with his family and crew. Suspense mounts as the women and children on the boat hide “in pindrop quiet” as their boat passes one, two, then three forts. When the boat finally reaches the Union side, the passengers must must prove that they are fugitives, not enemies. The strongly impressionistic art, largely in shades of brown and blue, will appeal most to older children; there are close-up portraits of Smalls studying charts and maps, and then open views of ocean and sky that speak to freedom. An afterword and source notes fill in Smalls’ important political role. . Grades 3-5. --Hazel Rochman

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Product Details

• Reading level: Ages 4-8
  
• Hardcover: 40 pages
• Publisher: Lee & Low Books (April 30, 2008)
• Language: English
• ISBN-10: 1600602320
• ISBN-13: 978-1600602320
• Product Dimensions: 10.8 x 9.1 x 0.5 inches
• Shipping Weight: 6.4 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)
• Average Customer Review: 4.7 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (10 customer reviews)
• Amazon.com Sales Rank: #631,727 in Books (See Bestsellers in Books)

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Customer Reviews

Most Helpful Customer Reviews

3 of 3 people found the following review helpful:

4.0 out of 5 stars A hero gets his due, July 5, 2008

By	E. R. Bird "Ramseelbird" (Manhattan, NY) - See all my reviews (TOP 50 REVIEWER)    (REAL NAME)

I think that there may be a certain amount of thinking amongst adults like myself that we've plumbed all the heroes we could get out of the Civil War. Not a particular history buff, my vague and foggy sense of the time period (informed at intervals by Ken Burns' Civil War series) is that the heroes have long been lauded, the villains well vilified, and that there's not much else to say to kids about the time. I mean, I watched Glory in high school. I know the time period. It's a good thing that there are authors like Janet Halfmann out there who think differently from people like me. A week ago if you had walked up to me and said, "Robert Smalls. Who was he?", I'd have met you with a slow-blinking stare. Now if you walk up to me and say, "Robert Smalls. Who was he?", you're still going to get the stare, but only because I'm probably seated at a reference desk somewhere wracking my brain for context. "Seven Miles to Freedom: The Robert Smalls Story" takes a relatively unknown hero and renders his story loud, strong, and clear. With illustrations by first-time picture book artist Duane Smith, it's the kind of book with enough innate drama to stick in the minds of its intended audience.

He was born a slave on a South Carolina plantation in 1839. At the time Robert Smalls was a favorite with his masters, the McKees, and when he was twelve they sent him to work at a hotel in Charleston along the river. From there he worked the cargo docks and then the shipyards, with the potential to someday become a wheelman. After he married, Robert swore he'd buy his wife and daughter's freedom. He had almost managed it by the time the Civil War broke out. So when work dried up, Robert became a deckhand on a steamer called Planter and eventually worked his way up to wheelman. He also observed all the secret steam whistles, a fact that would come in useful later. Robert soon found that he was physically similar to the captain. And so, planning with his crew, Robert determined to disguise himself as the captain one night and smuggle the crew and their families to the north where they would be free. It was risky, dangerous, and even if he managed to escape the South, what would stop the North from firing upon a southern vessel? Halfmann retells this exciting escape and story clearly and concisely. An Afterword offers facts about Robert and his life, including the time when he was elected to Congress in 1875, and a list of Author's Sources provides a plethora of bibliographic information.

Halfmann's focus could have been anything. When you consider that you're dealing with a man who escaped slavery, wrote the proposal for the creation of South Carolina's first free system of public schools, became a Congressman, and petitioned to give women the right to vote, and more, the question isn't whether to tell his story but how much to tell. Because Halfmann's book is in a picture book style and stands at 40 pages, the storyline had to either summarize everything quickly, or focus in on a single moment in time. As it happens, the story of Smalls' escape and bravery is particularly ideal for a picture book. There's danger and suspense and a clear-cut hero involved. Now all that remains is for someone to write a full-length biography of the man for kids.

Artist Duane Smith's style did not initially engage me, and I'll tell you why. I'm the kind of person who loves delicate lines and minute details. I love pen-and-inks and tiny images that only can be seen on the fourth or fifth rereading of a book. Impressionism has never done anything for me. Bold strokes of color and thick paints? Not my style. Which isn't to say that I couldn't appreciate what Mr. Smith has done here. Using deep-hued oils in an array of striking colors, Smith renders his people as almost outlines of paint. Shadows and skin, hollows and shady areas are defined by these sweeps and starts of color. At a key moment, say when Robert overhears the officers of the ship say they'll go ashore, Smith makes a point to close in and detail the face of his hero more precisely. There's a method to the madness here. Smith makes calculated choices on when and how to portray the characters in this book. Admittedly, this serves more effectively as a meditative tool. When you are faced with action sequences, like the Planter escaping Confederate waters, the result is not as exciting as you might hope. That said, the battle at Fort Sumter excels. And I enjoyed Smith's varying angles. One moment you're on the same level as the characters, and the next you're seagull height, peering down upon the Planter and the Onward as they approach one another tentatively. Smith appears to be the ideal illustrator for this particular tale.

So I like the writing and I appreciated the art (even if it's not my preferred choice). It's a pity that the design didn't quite stand up to the rest of the book. Non-fiction (or "informational" if you prefer) picture books suffer from a strict format that does nobody any good. In the most extreme cases you'll open the story up and face a page of text and a picture. A page of text and a picture. A page of text and . . . yawwwwn! "Seven Miles to Freedom" resists this format as much as it can, but it still happens. Sometimes the words will mix and meld with the illustrations, and that's wonderful. But since Smith didn't create an entire book of two-page spreads, something has to be done when there's only picture enough for one page. The result is a fine book, but one that you wish could have upped the oomph just a tad.

I can't vouch for the rest of the country, but in New York young kids are generally given biography assignments of vague proportions. They'll walk up to your reference desk and say, "I wanna biography," and you have to figure out what they mean exactly. The advantage of the Robert Smalls story is that it's short enough to not freak the kids out too much, but interesting and with lots of bright pictures. I wouldn't necessarily hand it to a fourth or fifth grader, of course, but even if I did I figure they'd get a certain level of enjoyment out of the storyline. Kids will also get historical assignments and certainly the best-known picture book set during the Civil War to my mind is Patricia Polacco's Pink and Say. "Seven Miles to Freedom" would pair beautifully with that title. A great new take on a little known true-life tale.

2 of 2 people found the following review helpful:

5.0 out of 5 stars Reviewed by Sabrina Williams for Breeni Books, November 2, 2008

By	Breeni Books "www.breenibooks.com" (Rockwell, NC) - See all my reviews

Janet Halfmann's biography of the extraordinary life of Robert Smalls is a testament to the rewards that can be attained with determination and perseverance. Although Smalls was a favored servant, creating what was as close to an easy life as was possible for slaves prior to the Civil War, the young man retained his desire for freedom. The promise of becoming an independent citizen directed his life of accomplishment. He would eventually become the man who outsmarted the Confederate Army.

Smalls' most imperative quality was his patience, as it allowed him to maneuver an entire steamer past battalions of Confederate soldiers to the safety of Union gunships. The man who delivered a legion of enslaved families, including his own, to freedom would not rest once he met his goal. He continued to pilot the prize ship under Union supervision, until a heroic move landed him the title of first African-American captain of a United States vessel. Even after this honor was bestowed upon him, he returned to a life of servitude, but this time his labor would be for his community. He helped create a new constitution for his home state, South Carolina, before winning a legislative seat. He fought for African-American rights while working his way up to the rank of major general in the state militia. He served five terms in Congress.

This list of incredible accomplishments is included as an afterword in Halfmann's story. She focuses the bulk of the book on the key factors that contributed to Smalls' ability to be a community leader, meaning the moments during his initial escape to freedom via the Planter. From the inception of this clever man's scheme to outwit his commanding officers through the suspenseful seven-mile voyage through Confederate checkpoints, Smalls is painted as the modest hero he will become.

Seven Miles to Freedom is a picture book for older children that deserves to be on school library shelves across the nation. It is a praiseworthy educational tool with an intriguing storyline. Duane Smith's collaborative illustrations are colorful, but do not mask the serious nature of the story. Halfmann has stepped away from the innocent exuberance of youth she portrayed in Little Skink's Tail to bring the trials of Civil War era African-Americans to life. Smalls was a single man with humble beginnings, but his achievements outspanned those of entire leagues of privileged men.

2 of 2 people found the following review helpful:

5.0 out of 5 stars A little-known piece of Civil War history., October 29, 2008

By	J. Crowner (Okemos, MI USA) - See all my reviews (REAL NAME)

Seven Miles to Freedom: The Robert Smalls Story is a well-researched and very well written story about a little-known Civil War hero. Even though the book is aimed at a young audience, it does not talk down to them, so I found it very interesting also. It has just the right amount of suspense to keep the reader turning each page. The bibliography at the end is very useful.

The pictures hit just the right note in illustrating the story.

This is an excellent book that should be added to every public and home library.