Myths from Mesopotamia: Creation, the Flood, Gilgamesh, and Others (Oxford World's Classics) (Paperback)

by Stephanie Dalley (Translator) "Atrahasis the wise man, who built an ark and saved mankind from destruction, is a figure of immense prestige and antiquity to whom various literary..." (more)
Key Phrases: fearsome rays, unrivalled warrior, rival among the gods, Tablet of Destinies, Bull of Heaven, Epic of Creation (more...)

Editorial Reviews

Review
`has the great merit of including not only the obvious Gilgamesh and Creation texts but also the Atrahasis, Adapa, Etana, Anzu, and Erra stories and even the slight but highly suggestive "Theogony of Dunnu"' Greece and Rome

'handsomely produced book' A.R. George, SOAS BUlletin

'her enterprise is to be warmly welcomed' John Dillon, Trinity College, Dublin, Hermathera

Product Description
These tales from the ancient civilizations of the "fertile crescent" stand alongside the Odyssey and the Arabian Nights in being popular with an international audience at the dawn of recorded history. Here are myths of the Creation and of the Flood, as well as the fascinating Epic of Gilgamesh, a story of heroic failure in a moment of human weakness.

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Product Details

• Paperback: 368 pages
• Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA (September 17, 1998)
• Language: English
• ISBN-10: 0192835890
• ISBN-13: 978-0192835895
• Product Dimensions: 7.6 x 5 x 1.2 inches
• Shipping Weight: 2 pounds
• Average Customer Review: 4.3 out of 5 stars See all reviews (16 customer reviews)
• Amazon.com Sales Rank: #85,965 in Books (See Bestsellers in Books)

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  #11 in	Books > Literature & Fiction > World Literature > Mythology > Gilgamesh
  #12 in	Books > History > Ancient > Assyria, Babylonia & Sumer

Customer Reviews

Most Helpful Customer Reviews

92 of 97 people found the following review helpful:

5.0 out of 5 stars A trove of tales at a bargin price, October 20, 2003

By	Christopher B. Siren (Medford, MA USA) - See all my reviews (REAL NAME)

Dalley's book is perhaps the most recent compilation of Akkadian (the language of the Babylonian empire) myths in translation. The only rival for completeness here would be the Akkadian sections of James Pritchard's Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament - but Dalley trumps Pritchard in having more complete, more modern translations. Each tale is preceded by a brief introduction placing them in their historical context, and are followed by varying amounts of endnotes.

Dalley's translations include:
Atrahasis - one of the Mesopotamian flood stories which resonates with Noah in Genesis and Utnapishtim in Gilgamesh

The Epic of Gilgamesh - the hero of the Sumerian King Lists, in his story's most complete form

The Old Babylonian version of Gilgamesh - This version is very incomplete and contains bits of Enkidu's introduction and the Humbaba episode, as well as a bit surrounding Gilgamesh's lament/quest for the deceased Enkidu.

The Descent of Ishtar to the Underworld - This brief seasonal dying and rising god/goddess story is much more developed in the surviving Sumerian Inanna cycle than it is here.

Nergal and Ereshkigal - Dalley presents the Sulantepe and the Amarna versions of this tale of Nergal's visit to the Underworld.

Adapa - a brief story of the antediluvian king's loss of immortality could draw some parallels with the fall of Adam and Eve in Genesis.

Etana - the story of the king of kish who flew to heaven on the back of an eagle.

Anzu(Standard and Old Babylonian versions) - the storm god Ninurta conquers the bird monster Anzu.

The Epic of Creation - Known elsewhere as Enuma Elish, this is the story of the chaos/water/mother goddess/dragon Tiamat and her defeat at the hands of the storm god Marduk, who uses her body to create the universe, and his conquest to take charge of the pantheon.

Theogony of Dunnu - a brief cosmology that shows that antimosity between cattle herders and shepherds goes back further than the Western.

Erra and Ishum - Erra (Nergal) and Marduk argue, while Isshum calms things down.

43 of 43 people found the following review helpful:

4.0 out of 5 stars A good introduction, but not the most recent translation, October 4, 2004

By	Ray Farmer (Concord, MA USA) - See all my reviews (REAL NAME)

Dalley presents many of the major myths of the Mesopotamian culture including "The Epic of Creation", "Atrahasis" (The Flood Myth), and "The Epic of Gilgamesh". Additionally, short essays are provided for most of the translations that help the modern reader to understand the stories. I thought Dalley's introduction did a good job of discussing structural markers and literary devices used in Mesopotamian poetry.

Since this book was published in 1990, more recent translations have become available. For example, Benjamin Foster's "From Distant Days" was published in 1995 and provides more complete translations of many of the same myths presented in Dalley. For example, the "Etana" myth in Foster includes a major portion of Tablet IV, which is completely missing in Dalley. Andrew George's "The Epic of Gilgamesh", which was published in 2003, contains a more complete translation of this story, along with Old Babylonian and Sumerian predecessors.

Despite these translation issues, general readers who want to sample a bit of Mesopotamian literature will most likely be pleased with Dalley's book. Dalley's translations are very accessible, despite the numerous gaps and ommissions present in the texts. For the person who wants a more complete anthology of Mesopotamian literature, I would recommend Foster's book, since he presents other types of literary genre, such as king legends, prayers, and love charms, in addition to more current translations of the major myths.

18 of 18 people found the following review helpful:

4.0 out of 5 stars A Scholarly Anthology, May 5, 2002

By	Charles Malcolm (Toronto, ON CA) - See all my reviews (REAL NAME)

An excellent anthology of stories from ancient Mesopotamia presented with a high degree of scholarship. Some readers may find the stories difficult to read due to frequent gaps in the text that have resulted from damage to the original cuneiform clay tablets, but it is a small price to pay to ensure accuracy and authenticity in the translation of ancient texts over 4000 years old. While all the translations are based on the various Akkadian versions of the stories, it would have been nice to read the Sumerian versions of these stories where they are extant. Each story is preceded with an introduction and historical context followed by copious technical notes. A detailed glossary is also included to assist the reader. A chart showing a timeline of the stories would have been helpful especially when making comparisons to other ancient stories from biblical, Greek, Middle Eastern, and Arabian traditions.