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9 of 10 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars
Clever Techniques of Foreshadowing, April 11, 2001
Jan Brett's picture book, The Hat, is about a hedgehog that gets a little girl's stocking stuck on his head. He says it is his new hat, but everyone makes fun of him. Eventually, though, all the animals pull something off the girl's clothesline to use as a hat. At the end, after she plucks the stocking off of the hedgehog, the little girl chases the other animals around the yard to try to gather her clothes. Illustrations are a wonderful way to enhance a story. They help the reader to really see what is happening. Jan Brett uses borders in her illustrations. Her borders inform the reader of what is going on in other parts of the story while at the same time foreshadowing what is to come. Brett incorporates small pictures in her borders to give the reader clues to what is going on in other parts of the story. For example, while the animals are being introduced in the main illustration, illustrations of Lisa, the little girl, appear in the left-hand side of the borders. These pictures show her inside her house doing things such as reading and watering the plants. Later in the story, these illustrations are reversed: Lisa appears in the main picture and the animals appear in the border. This is because Lisa becomes the focus of the story when she finds that the hedgehog is wearing her stocking; whereas, before the animals are the main focus of the story. William Moebius explains this when he says, "the frame enables the reader to identify with a world inside and outside the story" (150). At the top of the border, there is a picture of the clothesline. This shows the progress of the story. Each time an animal takes a piece of clothing, that piece of clothing no longer appears on the clothesline. In Moebius' article, he says that Tomi Ungerer believes that "the design itself tells much of the story" (142). These pictures in the border make The Hat a multidimensional story. The reader knows what is going on with the animals outside while being able to know what Lisa is doing inside. Brett has a distinctive technique of foreshadowing. She uses the borders of her illustrations to hint at what will come next in the story. On each page, in the right-hand side of the border, the animal that will appear next is shown. For example, the hedgehog is on the right in the border, foreshadowing his appearance on the next page. Once all of the animals have been introduced, Lisa appears in the right of the border, informing the reader that she realizes something is going on. In the second to last page, the hedgehog appears in the border yawning. This picture wraps up the story and informs the reader that the story is almost over. Using the border is an excellent way to foreshadow events. It gives the reader insight into the developing plot while using the main illustration to describe the current events. The unique style of illustrating that Brett uses serves many purposes simultaneously. The main illustration, large and centered, focuses only on the current situation. The border around that, however, notifies the reader of events that are taking place in the story at the same time as the event that is being focused on in the main illustration. These borders also cue the reader into the event that is about to occur. Brett's borders are important in her stories in order to give the reader the entire picture and to foreshadow the coming events. Moebius, William. "Introduction to Picturebook Codes." Word and Image 2.2 (1986): 141-158.
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