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7 of 9 people found the following review helpful:
4.0 out of 5 stars
Fascinating true spy story, has some problems, February 25, 2008
This book tells the story of how the Pakistani scientist A.Q. Khan managed to steal enough secrets to give Pakistan atomic weapons and then to go into business selling atomic secrets to Libya, Iraq, Iran, North Korea and who knows who else. It is, on the whole, an excellent book, although it has some flaws.
First, I have no expertise in this subject, so I do not know if these two know what they are talking about. The book has been well-received by people who should know the truth, but I can not say from my own knowledge that it is accurate. It seems to be, but I do not know that.
Second, the book is well-written. It reads like a spy novel.
The great strength of the book is that it gives so many details that the reader can see just how extremely complex this whole issue is. The bias of the authors is that it is bad for nuclear weapons to exist at all, and their spread should be stopped. The authors are continually shocked and upset that many governments, the American included, often do not share their view. For much of the story, while the Pakistanis were pursuing nuclear weapons, the U.S. knew about it, but covered up this knowledge, because the Pakistanis were considered key allies, first, in the anti-Soviet war in Afghanistan and, second, in the war against terror, after 9/11. The authors moralizing usually is not heavy handed. I particularly like the way they try hard to describe the ambiguity of the motivation and positions of the various actors. For example, they are clear in describing how the civilian government of Pakistan had only limited ability to control its own military, which was behind the nuclear program. This is a complex situation, and the authors try hard to do it justice.
I have a few criticisms. First, the title of the book is inaccurate. A "jihadist" is a Muslim holy warrior. A.Q. Khan is not a jihadist, by any reasonable definition. As the authors make clear, his motivations were a mixture of Pakistani nationalism (he feared and despised India), and a desire for personal glory, wealth and power. Indeed, one of the really disturbing things about the book is that it shows how many people -- Europeans included -- were willing to join in Khan's network of sellng nuclear weapons to incredibly dangerous people, not out of ideology, but purely out of a desire for money.
Second, the authors have a strong anti-George W. Bush and anti-Iraq War bias which distorts the second half of the book. They describe how Khan sold nuclear technology to Iraq, Iran and Libya, all of them very dangerous nations. In their description, the Iraqi nuclear effort was destroyed by the Israeli air attack. The Iranian effort is, of course, ongoing. The Libyan nuclear program, as they describe, was very far along, at the time of 9/11. Khan was in the process of selling the Libyans a turn-key nuclear weapons program, including instructions on how to make warheads that could have targeted Europe.
The authors' great heroes are the international agenices, the IEAA. The IEAA did not know squat about the Libyan program. Not only did they not stop it; they did not not even know about it.
What stopped the Libyans? The Iraq War. When 9/11 occurred, and the US invaded first, Afghanistan, and, second, Iraq, Libya became terrified that it was next on our hit list. It thus voluntarily gave up its nuclear weapons program. Our authors are forced to admit that what motivated Libya was sheer terror, arising from the force of Bush's policy against Iraq, that the US would attack it. Their facts make it clear that, had Bush not attacked Iraq, Libya would have nuclear weapons today. The connection between the Iraq War and Libya may seem indirect, but it is not. By attacking Iraq, the United States made itself feared. This fear is what motivated Libya to give up its weapons. Our authors, however, just can not bring themselves to acknowledge what their own facts prove. To them, the Iraq War was based on lies, and it is thus evil. Also, the idea that America sometimes has to achieve its objectives in the world, by making other nations afraid of us, is not an idea our authors are willing to entertain; they live in the world where security comes from the UN, disarmament treaties and diplomacy.
In the end, however, the biases of the authors are not important. They provide so many facts on the subject that readers can draw their own conclusions.
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