Work and Revolution in France: The Language of Labor from the Old Regime to 1848 (Paperback)

by William H. Sewell Jr. (Author) "TRADE CORPORATIONS were a ubiquitous feature of French cities of the old regime..." (more)
Key Phrases: uniform tarifs, urban skilled trades, corporate idiom, French Revolution, National Assembly, Third Estate (more...)

Editorial Reviews

Review
'This is one of the rare books that succeed in marrying ideas and events, respecting the autonomy of each, and examining their influence upon each other in a thoroughly convincing way. It's interest therefore transcends its immediate subject and it should appeal to anyone concerned about how things happen in history. At the same time it provides a lucid and original account of the evolution of the French urban worker artisan, through sans-culotte, to class-conscious proletarian ... It is an important book that students are going to need - and enjoy - for a long time to come.' Norman Hampson, Professor of History, University of York

Product Description
Work and Revolution in France is particularly appropriate for students of French history interested in the crucial revolutions that took place in 1789, 1830, and 1848. Sewell has reconstructed the artisans' world from the corporate communities of the old regime, through the revolutions in 1789 and 1830, to the socialist experiments of 1848. Recent research has revealed that the most important class struggles took place in craft workshops, not in 'dark satanic mills'. Threatened less by the rise of the factory than by the disorder and competition of the emerging capitalist system, French craftsmen responded by forming labor organizations, mounting strikes, and eventually joining forces in a revolutionary socialist movement that aimed at ending the tyranny of the rich. In the 1830s and 1840s, workers combined the collectivism of the corporate guild tradition with the egalitarianism of the revolutionary tradition, producing a distinct artisan form of socialism and class consciousness that climaxed in the Parisian Revolution of 1848. The book follows artisans into their everyday experience of work, fellowship, and struggles and places their history in the context of wider political, economic, and social developments. Sewell analyzes the 'language of labor' in the broadest sense, dealing not only with what the workers and others wrote and said about labor but with the whole range of institutional conventions, economic practices, social struggles, ritual gestures, customs, and actions that gave the workers' world a comprehensive shape.

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Product Details

• Paperback: 352 pages
• Publisher: Cambridge University Press (October 31, 1980)
• Language: English
• ISBN-10: 0521299519
• ISBN-13: 978-0521299510
• Product Dimensions: 8.9 x 5.8 x 0.7 inches
• Shipping Weight: 15.2 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)
• Average Customer Review: 4.0 out of 5 stars See all reviews (1 customer review)
• Amazon.com Sales Rank: #583,318 in Books (See Bestsellers in Books)

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1 of 1 people found the following review helpful:

4.0 out of 5 stars Early Benchmark in Post-Modern Historical Methods, January 13, 2005

By	Gregory Canellis "Student of military history... (Tuckerton, NJ USA) - See all my reviews (REAL NAME)

William H. Sewell argues that the analysis of early nineteenth century French labor idiom reveals its roots were firmly established in Ancien Regime artisan   corporations. Revealing what the author calls a "little- noticed paradox," Sewell discovered "the discourse of revolutionary workers of 1848 was laced with seemingly archaic terminology dating from the guild and corporate system of the old regime ... founded on a very old sense of craft community." Although intended to incorporate the elements of social history and langage, Sewell adds that a thorough understanding of the overall political perspective is essential to this well-rounded study. His argument is convincing and his methods, at the time of publication, must have shed new light on the historical profession. Sewell is up front about the limitations of his study and the methods he incorporates, however. Admitting he prefers to avoid existing historiographical debates, the author stresses he is "attempting to sketch out a new map that will indicate relations between already explored regions and suggest useful approaches to those not yet explored." Pointing out that historical evidence of labor, particularly in France, is primarily confined to the local or regional level; Sewell stresses the need to incorporate an overall political ideology into the mix. Paradoxically, however, Sewell warns that political ideology emanating from Paris   may not necessarily reflect the thoughts of workers in rural regions of France. In addition, the authorl borrows methods from cultural anthropology to illustrate how such practices as religious festivals shaped peoples ideas and experiences, yet warns that not all sociological practices, such as ethnography, for instance, benefit the historian. For any historian attempting to reveal a "collective conscience" of the French labor before, during, and after the French Revolution, the task is nothing less than daunting. Regardless, his emphasis on historical methods gives strength too the notion of exploring new areas by fusing various fields of the Humanities. Sewell has synthesized his information well. His chronological approach, detailing the origins of corporate practices; particularly the Journeyman's Compagnonnage makes for interesting reading, however, his argument sometimes gets buried in the narrative. By the time the reader reaches the crux of the author's main focus-language (page 179)-one could perhaps become confused and forget the "map" the author so eloquently laid out in his opening chapters. In spite of the main argument sometimes becoming lost in the shuffle, the author's conclusions reveal a well-researched thesis and a significant postmodern contribution to the history of labor.