Extinct Birds (Comstock books) (Hardcover)

by Errol Fuller (Author)

Editorial Reviews

Amazon.com Review
Ornithologists estimate that there have been 150,000 avian species since birds first appeared millions of years ago. If that figure, based on incomplete evidence, is correct, writes Errol Fuller, then nearly 94 percent of those species have gone extinct over time.

Most have done so through more or less natural causes--through disease, say, or widespread climatic change. In historic times, though, many species have been hastened to extinction through human actions, inadvertent and deliberate. In the case of the Hawaiian rail, Fuller writes in this catalog of birds that have disappeared since 1600, the introduction of alien species, such as the mongoose, domestic cat, and rat, was probably to blame. Rats, too, killed off the Lord Howe Island white-eye when a ship accidentally ran aground there in 1918. The Carolina parakeet disappeared a few years later, owing, perhaps, to the destruction of its forest habitat and its beautiful plumage, highly prized by hunters. Mosquitoes carried on other ships felled many other island species. And so on. Curiously, Fuller writes, the usual-suspect agents of extinction--hunting, say, or egg collecting--have had a smaller effect on vulnerable bird species than have changes in the environment wrought by humans and their "accompanying menagerie."

Fuller's book makes for a sobering obituary, and one of particular interest to environmentalists engaged in habitat preservation and restoration. --Gregory McNamee

From Publishers Weekly
In this well-researched study, artist Fuller gathers information about the 75 species of birds that have vanished since 1600. Organized by families, the book describes each species, its habitat and distribution; there are firsthand accounts of sightings by early travelers, a record of the last sighting and probable cause of extinction. Some of the birds are familiarthe heath hen, passenger pigeon, dodo and great auk; mosquitoes and rats from ships brought destruction to certain island birds, and starving Japanese soldiers ate the last Wake Island rail during World War II. Although similiar material on extinct birds appeared in David Day's The Doomsday Book of Animals, the difference here is the magnificent illustrations. Fuller presents paintings and sketches that include 300 years of dodo illustrations, for example. This is a book that will interest professional and amateur birders alike.
Copyright 1988 Reed Business Information, Inc. --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title.

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Product Details

• Hardcover: 398 pages
• Publisher: Cornell University Press; Rev Sub edition (April 2001)
• Language: English
• ISBN-10: 080143954X
• ISBN-13: 978-0801439544
• Product Dimensions: 11 x 8.9 x 1.3 inches
• Shipping Weight: 4 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)
• Average Customer Review: 4.8 out of 5 stars See all reviews (6 customer reviews)
• Amazon.com Sales Rank: #756,579 in Books (See Bestsellers in Books)

Customer Reviews

Most Helpful Customer Reviews

12 of 12 people found the following review helpful:

5.0 out of 5 stars Lively Writing on Dead Birds, June 19, 2001

By	R. Hardy "Rob Hardy" (Columbus, Mississippi USA) - See all my reviews (TOP 50 REVIEWER)    (REAL NAME)

Like Errol Fuller's previous books, _Extinct Birds_ (Cornell University Press) is big, colorful, and magnificently laid out. Of course it is sad; one cannot look at these pages and read about the birds that we will never see again, without a sense of loss. (However, this second edition has some good news: some of the extinct birds reported in the first edition have been found again!) It's a shame we don't have the birds instead of a commemorative volume about them, but granting even this, _Extinct Birds_ is as beautiful a commemorative volume as we can ever expect to see. It may be that some of these birds are not extinct, only hiding (Fuller shows this has happened before), but most of the birds here are certainly as dead as dodoes. The reasons are not hard to seek, and it will come as no surprise that humans have killed most of them off. Hunting has taken a direct toll, but is not a usual major cause of wiping out a whole species. Ruination of habitats and introduction of predators (especially rats) to islands are more devastating. Predicting how it will go for birds over the next century can't be done exactly, of course, but it doesn't look good for them; one respected research study concludes that one in eight bird species are at risk for extinction in the next century. Watch the birds around you carefully, and count your blessings, and say goodbye.

_Extinct Birds_ is not a dry catalogue ticking off each species we have lost. Besides the lovely illustrations, Fuller has written about the birds with a dry wit not found in a mere catalogue. Fuller writes, "...extinct birds are, by and large, a quite spectacular bunch. Although there are some fairly unexceptional exceptions among the ranks of the extinct, not a few of the world's most memorable birds are now among the lost. The dodo, the great auk, the moas, and the great elephant birds are all obvious qualifiers. Are there any conclusions to be drawn from this? Perhaps only the notion that a raised head is more likely to be chopped off!" The lovely pictures in this volume, often from sources that could draw the bird from life, come from Audubon, of course, from Edward Lear, who is now more famous for his nonsense verse, and from Fuller and some of his friends.

Some of the stories behind the birds are decidedly odd. The funniest and saddest of the stories is that of the Stephen Island wren. Stephen Island is a square mile rocky place near New Zealand. There was a lighthouse on the island, and the lighthouse keeper had a cat named Tibbles. As cats are wont to do, Tibbles would go hunting, and would bring his dead prey back to his human. Tibbles brought the tiny birds to the keeper in around 1896 and thus can be credited with finding a bird that no one had previously recorded. He can also be credited with wiping out the entire species. The specimens he collected are in various museums. Fuller quotes an anonymous correspondent to _The Canterbury Press_ at the time: "And we certainly think that it would be as well if the Marine Department, in sending lighthouse keepers to isolated islands where interesting specimens of native birds are known or believed to exist, were to see that they are not allowed to take any cats with them, even if mouse-traps have to be furnished at the cost of the state."

A gorgeous volume, _Extinct Birds_ is paradoxically full of lively stories.

9 of 10 people found the following review helpful:

4.0 out of 5 stars Flawed masterpiece, April 23, 2002

By A Customer

This book is flawed only in that it does not mention the Giant Haast's Eagle (Harpagornis moorei) of New Zealand. Driven into extinction by humans around 500 years ago, it was the largest bird of prey ever to exist, and was the airbourne equvilent of a lion or tiger. It hunted the Giant Moa but once this main food source became extinct, the eagles turned to humans as a source of food. As the Maori legend of the Pouakai relates, they would swoop down snatching away human victims, and were probably hunted to extinction by man out of sheer self defence. It would have been good have included this bird in the book. Otherwise its very good.

7 of 8 people found the following review helpful:

5.0 out of 5 stars Not on any birders life list, March 29, 2002

By	"michaeleve" (Miami, Florida) - See all my reviews (TOP 1000 REVIEWER)

The two most basic and obvious descriptions of this book only highlights the poignancy of the subject of EXTINCT BIRDS. To say that the book is large (nearly 400 pages) implies that there are a lot of birds that are no longer with us. Telling you it's beautifully illustrated (which it is, with nearly every page including a painting, photograph, or sketch, many in full color) only shows that we've lost a wide variety of colorful species. The book is also thoroughly researched and well organized with a logical arrangement of the birds in their main groupings.

In the introduction Fuller mentions Jerdon's Courser and the Four-colored flowerpecker, two species previously thought extinct (the flowerpecker since 1900). Both have since been rediscovered. This illustrates one of the dramatic changes in recent times with regard to the whole subject of extinction. Rediscovery is news and extinction is big business. It long ago shrugged off it's dry and dusty, stuffed-exhibits-in-a-museum image, and is now firmly embedded in popular culture and is the subject of bestsellers and box-office hits. This is especially true for birds and dinosaurs. Fuller says as much and gives a nod to the huge role JURASSIC PARK played in this. The story of the Coelacanth is even more remarkable than the rediscovery, after 100 years, of a small flowerpecking bird in a stand of forests on the Phillipine island of Cebu. Nonetheless we'll probably have a long wait before we see a prehistoric fish starring in a movie. The Coelacanth does have its own book though. Its rediscovery in 1938 after being gone for 400 million years is the subject of Samantha Weinberg's A FISH CAUGHT IN TIME. Fuller acknowledges another recent trend which is heightening interest in extinction - the recent scientific work using DNA technology - and its hint that we may be able to restore species in the not too distant future.

As part of useful background information Fuller talks about the special role of islands in the extinction process. There is much that is known about the peculiar sensitivity of these ecosystems. There is a correlation between islands and high rates of extinct, and threatened but still extant, bird species. Fuller makes referrence to David Quammen's appropriately titled book THE SONG OF THE DODO which explores the whole subject of island biogeography. Small fragile ecosystems, loss of habitat (especially forest cover), the impact of agriculture and other man-made environments, introduced species and competition; all of these are subjects scientists are very familiar with and whose impact on bird extinction has been studied.

Where the recent popular interest in extinction becomes slightly problematic for professionals is that we all want to know what's happening, but quantifying bird extinctions and arriving at loss rates still remains an inexact science. This book covers the 85 bird species that are known to have gone extinct since 1600. There is immediately a problem with this simple statement. "Known" is very subjective and the starting year of 1600 is artificial. Fuller explains: "The year 1600 heralds a period during which relatively reliable records have accumulated; before this time the records are sparse and, where they do exist, it is usually difficult to know what to make of them." As for the difficulty of statistical methods in estimating loss rates, consider the following. For ease of calculation use the number of species lost as 80 and years at 400 (1600 to 2000). This works out to 5, which a dishonest person could report as saying that on average over the last 400 years we have been losing bird species at the rate of 5 per year! ... That works out to 2000 extinct species but we know that the correct figure is 85, so it simply means that for many years there were no extinctions. What we do know is that the rate of extinction in recent years has been increasing. The most commonly accepted bird extinction rate today is Colombia University's Center for Environmental Research and Conservations' figure of 0.01 percent or one species per year. This little exercise illustrates the statistical chicanery employed by THE SKEPTICAL ENVIRONMENTALIST with his estimate of the overall extinction rate at "0.7 percent over the next 50 years". This works out to 0.014 percent which is barely higher than the most conservative estimate for bird extinctions alone!

Statistics aside, and regardless of whether you accept that there will be an estimated 1200 more bird species extinct in the next 100 years there are a couple of things that are certain. The next edition of this book will be as beautiful as this one and depending on how soon it's published it will be bigger. How much larger and by how many species remians the sad unknown.