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Mental Hygiene: Better Living Through Classroom Films 1945-1970 (Paperback)

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Editorial Reviews

Amazon.com Review

In Mental Hygiene, Ken Smith takes a look at the endearingly gooney safety and "social guidance" films produced for classroom use between World War II and the early 1970s. Everything from dating to drugs to auto safety is covered in this lovingly compiled book. Smith even takes the time to discuss the stylistic differences of the various studios and analyze the peculiar obsessions of their auteurs. Though its subjects are bizarre ("Healthy Feet"), corny ("Teen Togs"), and often ineptly made ("Red Nightmare"), Mental Hygiene is no mere excuse to mock these films. Smith is careful to note bursts of good (or at least interesting) filmmaking and makes a convincing case that in their day these classroom movies were considered the new wave of liberal education. The films, catalogued at the end of the book, teeter between unintentionally hilarious ("More Dates for Kay") and just flat-out disturbing ("Boys Beware"). Most take the stance that teens who drive too fast or don't mind their manners deserve their horrific fates. For example, the auto safety films tend toward subtly titled epics like "Mechanized Death" and "Wheels of Tragedy," while the "image building" shorts mercilessly taunt their misfit protagonists. ("It's a little late for tears, isn't it, Barbara?") A thoroughly enjoyable read, Mental Hygiene is both funny and informative, but not so informative that it will put you to sleep in class. --Ali Davis


From Booklist

Among the most pervasive and pernicious forms of 1950s cultural indoctrination was the mental hygiene film, extolling proper behavior to captive audiences of schoolchildren. Blatantly and crudely designed, the genre's products instilled proper dating practices and showed the consequences of failing to avoid drugs and of car wrecks. No social problem was too big for them, not even juvenile delinquency and the atom bomb. Mostly, as Smith shows, they aimed to maintain conformity. Evolved from World War II training films, they flourished from 1945 to the early 1960s, when the growing sophistication of their target audience rendered them ineffective. Smith synopsizes well more than a hundred leading examples, from Act Your Age (1949), which offered tips on emotional development, to the seminal Youth in Crisis (1944), which exposed "the grim story of what the war is doing to America's youth!" Most mental hygiene films have vanished, discarded when their message grew dated, but they live again through Smith's diligent research and witty write-ups, more fun to read than watching them ever was. Gordon Flagg

Product Details

  • Paperback: 240 pages
  • Publisher: Blast Books; 1st edition (November 19, 1999)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0922233217
  • ISBN-13: 978-0922233212
  • Product Dimensions: 10 x 7 x 0.7 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 1.6 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)
  • Average Customer Review: 4.7 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (22 customer reviews)
  • Amazon.com Sales Rank: #75,679 in Books (See Bestsellers in Books)

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    #1 in  Books > Entertainment > Movies > Documentaries
    #42 in  Books > Nonfiction > Education > Education Theory > History
    #47 in  Books > Nonfiction > Education > Technology & Distance Learning

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27 of 29 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars They didn't laugh, April 3, 2002
By Andrew S. Rogers (Seattle, Washington) - See all my reviews
(TOP 500 REVIEWER)    (REAL NAME)      
As a dyed-in-the-wool fan of Mystery Science Theater 3000, a TV show that once featured many of the films discussed in 'Mental Hygiene,' I approached this book as a catalog of MST could-have-beens. Turns out it is that (especially in the thumbnail reviews of the films themselves), but it's also much more.

Today, in our enlightened 'post-modern' era, it's easy to laugh at the staid and conformist world these films both illustrate and reinforce. Yet, as Ken Smith argues, the filmmakers didn't set out either to produce comedy or to crush their children's souls. 'The people responsible for these films were driven by a sincere desire to guide young people toward behavior that they felt would make them happy. It's no fun to be lonely or physically unattractive. Nor is it enjoyable to be a heroin addict or have your face torn off in a car wreck' (p. 13).

Moreover, 'they [the films] were made by some of the most liberal and progressive-minded people of their time. Their goal was noble: to help children become well adjusted, happy, and independent (within limits). The films look corny and manipulative to us today, but not because the people who made them were evil and stupid' (p. 30).

All this to say, this book's not only entertaining, but is also an insightful sociological study of the attitudes and ideals of these films' era. The section on the genres of films is fascinating, though I also found myself nauseated by some filmmakers' practice of showing actual, bloody, mangled accident victims in some highway safety movies. That one is a particularly sobering chapter.

Once that's out of the way, though, it's on to the rollicking fun as Smith deconstructs 250 or so of these films, including several recognizable to any MSTie. Here, for example, is part of his description of 'Developing Your Character,' a 1950 offering from mental-hygiene powerhouse Coronet Films: 'Joe, a squinty-eyed, perpetually smiling future politician, "likes people," Bob explains. He "wants to be friends with everybody" and is "sincere and real." Joe quickly becomes the leader of a gang of happy teens who are all slavishly devoted to his welfare. With their help, he places first in the statewide Junior Citizenship essay contest -- and wins a trip to the state capital for a week. "Actually, we all won," says Bob, exhibiting the team spirit that will make him a fine, faceless corporate drone in the years to come' (p. 137).

I'm glad to have read the book, and even more thankful I never had to sit through these films in school.

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16 of 16 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars Hysterically funny look at the conspiracy to twist our minds, February 15, 2000
By Mary Johnson (Pierce County, WA) - See all my reviews
As a die-hard devotee of MST3K "shorts", I was delighted when I came across this book. While the entire book makes for good reading, my favorite part was the section listing all the classroom films, with a description of each. Here, you will read about such films as "The Cautious Twins," featuring a pair of Nordic tykes who seem to live in a town peopled only by themselves and perverts, "Boys Beware", with its warnings that "public restrooms can be a common hangout for the homosexual," and "More Dates for Kay", in which desperate, hungry-eyed Kay roams the halls of her high school using frantic ploys to get a boyfriend.

In addition to warnings against sex, reckless driving, and drugs/alcohol, there are films about manners, conformity (always a good thing), growing up (i.e. menstruation!), dating, grooming, and what to do in the event of a nuclear attack. Women will especially enjoy being condescended to in the films about home economics, proper behavior in the workplace (in which the goof-offs seem to be the only ones enjoying their jobs), how to be a good secretary, and the joy of appliances ("A Holiday for Mother").

There are a few pictures which may have been better left out of the book, mainly in the syphilis section ("I've got a sore--down there!"), as well as a couple shots of actual dead accident victims that the most graphic director, Sid Davis, used to shock youngsters into driving carefully.

You will laugh uproariously, but what is most interesting is the commentary about WHY these films were created. The period after 1945 apparently was not the rosy "Leave It to Beaver" world we have always been led to believe, and these films were just one method to try to restore order out of the chaos of atomic bombs, coffins on wheels (cars before safety features were included), drug addiction, and failed attempts at making jelly.

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19 of 20 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars Hilarious treasure chest of AMerican camp!, November 12, 2000
By Lucie Melahn (Arlington, VA USA) - See all my reviews
(REAL NAME)   
what a terrific book! I laughed, I cried, I spent the whole weekend reading aloud Ken Smith's synopses to my roommate.

I expected the book to make fun of the films and condemn the filmmakers' obvious authoritarian attempt to control teenagers. But in giving a social history of the films, Ken Smith actually paints a sympathetic picture, explaining that these films were made in an attempt to deal with postwar social turmoil and anxiety. He clearly thinks the films are funny as hell, but he also has a lot of respect for the filmmakers, and that comes through.

In the second half, he gives hilarious synopses of his favorites. This is clearly a man who devoted a lot of time and attention to his project. Not only does he spot returning actors, he even points out props that were re-used. This is truly an indispensible guide for any fan of these campy classics.

One correction (or update) to the book... Ken Smith writes that you can't see these films anywhere unless you go hunting for the original 16mm versions. I actually found a website that sells video compilations, including many of the films Smith mentions. if you do a Yahoo search on "mental hygiene films" you should turn it up fairly easily.

also, if you *do* want to track down the 16mm originals, they're available on online auction sites.

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Most Recent Customer Reviews

4.0 out of 5 stars It's a fun book.
I was hoping a for a bit more information from this book, but for what it is trying to do, it's a great study in this fascinating genre of film that has been neglected over the... Read more
Published 21 months ago by Adam S.

5.0 out of 5 stars Spookily Hilarious
Ken Smith has tapped into a vein in the American cadaver with this clever and respectful survey of one of the most freakishly commonsensical forms of propaganda ever conceived... Read more
Published on October 9, 2004 by Seamus McManus

5.0 out of 5 stars "A Perfectly Delightful Way To Learn"
"Mental Hygiene" presents the history of Classroom films in a way that doesn't make fun of the films, but still makes enjoyable reading. Read more
Published on October 2, 2003 by David L. White

4.0 out of 5 stars Great but I wish there was more.
As a connoisseur of vintage mental hygiene films, and driver's ed. scare films in particular, I found the back story about how these films got made both fascinating and... Read more
Published on October 16, 2002 by Elvis-from-Hell

2.0 out of 5 stars text informative, gross out pics gratuitous
I enjoyed reading about the different small film studios that produced these films (I loved watching them getting riffed on MST3K). Read more
Published on February 19, 2002

5.0 out of 5 stars Awesome!
This book is one of the best books I have ever read. Not only does to accurately describe and discuss these films but it does it with a touch of humor and gusto.
Published on February 11, 2001 by hellek

5.0 out of 5 stars Return to the gory days of youth...
I read this book because I had to watch some of these films in school when I was a kid. I always wondered about how they had come to be made. Read more
Published on August 31, 2000 by Marcy L. Thompson

5.0 out of 5 stars Makes a Great Gift
At the dawn of the new millenium, and after September 11th, I was both shocked and appalled to find this book both incredibly fascinating and highly entertaining. Read more
Published on July 15, 2000 by Karim Hasanen

5.0 out of 5 stars Funny, but also a good ancedotal social history of the 50's
I have to confess: I did not read this book because I'm interested in the social mores of the late 40's-50's. Read more
Published on July 5, 2000 by J. Collins

5.0 out of 5 stars WOW
Great subject matter for a book! I read it immediately and referred it to all my friends and some strangers. I'm eagerly awaiting Ken's next work.
Published on June 23, 2000 by Mary Ann Michna

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