Relativity in Rotating Frames: Relativistic Physics in Rotating Reference Frames (Fundamental Theories of Physics) (Hardcover)

by G. Rizzi (Editor), M.L. Ruggiero (Editor) "In order to generalize the relativistic kinematics of rigid bodies in rectilinear uniform motion to whatever kind of motion, following Minkowski's ideas we obtain the..." (more)
Key Phrases: synchrony choice, local rest space, synchronization gauge, Kluwer Academic Publishers, New York, Fundamental Theories of Physics (more...)

Editorial Reviews

Review
Foundations of Physics, Vol. 34, No. 8, August 2004 (© 2004) Book Review Relativity in Rotating Frames. Relativistic Physics in Rotating Reference Frames. Edited by G.Rizzi and M.L.Ruggiero, (Fundamental Theories of Physics 135), 452 pp., $193.00. ISBN 1-4020-1805-3. Soon after Einstein’s destruction of absolute simultaneity and Minkowski’s formulation of special relativity, the problem of the relativistic description of extended bodies in rotating reference frames led to Ehrenfest’s paradox with the subsequent Einstein’s answer and to an endless still on going debate about the instantaneous space and the geometry of a rotating disk and the associated Sagnac effect. As emphasized by Stachel in the Preface of this book, edited by G.Rizzi and M.L.Ruggiero and composed of invited contributions, from both "traditionalists" and "heretics", the existence of a structural difference between translations and rotations goes back to Aristotle. Only with Newton translations with constant velocity where privileged with respect to other types of motion through the introduction of the notion of inertial reference frame and the law of inertia. This notion survived in Einstein’s formulation of special relativity, but at the price of loosing the concept of instantaneous three-space: only the notion of being space-like with respect to an observer is well de.ned. Since a relativistic, either inertial or no inertial, observer has no "absolute present", the description of extended objects becomes a non-trivial problem. Given only the postulates of special relativity, namely the constancy and isotropy of the round-trip velocity of light involving only one observer and one clock, there is no unique de.nition of synchronization of clocks, of one-way velocity of light and of spatial distance in an instantaneous three-space. We must make some convention, for instance Einstein’s convention of simultaneity in inertial frames implying an isotropic one-way velocity of light and "equal time" hyper-planes, regarding one of these notions to have the other two de.ned. 1281 0015-9018/04/0800-1281/0 © 2004 Plenum Publishing Corporation 1282 Book Review As a consequence, since in non-inertial frames no convention, globally valid like Einstein’s one in inertial frames, is known, different conventions lead to different viewpoints especially in connection with non-inertial uniformly rotating frames and to the necessity of a still lacking interpretation of their equivalence. This so deeply non-Newtonian framework explains why extended objects like the uniformly rotating disk, which presents no conceptual difficulty at the Newtonian level, give rise to a so controversial and non-unique picture at the relativistic level. Grøn’s historical contribution shows how many, often contradictory, viewpoints have been developed in 90 years. This book is really welcome because it gives a snapshot of the existing spectrum of interpretations regarding rotating coordinate systems (Dieks, Bel, Nikolic, de Felice), the locality hypothesis (Mashhoon), inertial forces (Bini, Jantzen), the anisotropy of the velocity of light in rotating frames and the Sagnac effect (Klauber, Selleri, Sera.ni, Rizzi, Ruggiero, Weber, Sorge, Pascual-Sanchez, Vicente), what is the "space of a rotating disk" and how to de.ne length measurements in rotating frames (Rizzi, Ruggiero, Tartaglia, Grøn, Klauber, Nikolic), quantum mechanics in rotating frames and the gravitational .eld (Papini, Anandan, Suzuki). Only Mach’s principle is absent! The absence of agreement among the various interpretations, nicely made explicit through six virtual dialogues at the end of the book, is made more acute by the contributions of Rizzi and Sera.ni on the freedom in the choice of the notion of simultaneity in rotating frames and of Ashby on the relevance of the Sagnac effect in the Global Positioning System especially after the developments of modern technology oriented to space navigation and requiring the synchronization of the now existing ultra-precise atomic clocks till the order 1/c3. In conclusion, it is hoped that this book will be a stimulus to start a fresh search of the missing elements to arrive at a relativistic description of extended objects in arbitrary non-inertial frames. Such a description should include Maxwell equations and should lead to a well-posed Cauchy problem allowing us to get control on the energy balance of every physical system in a non-inertial reference frame. Luca Lusanna Firenze, Italy

Product Description
The absolute character of rotation is well known since the very beginning of the modern scientific era. Some experimental evidence, such as Foucault's pendulum and the Sagnac effect, are indeed conclusive. This absolute character is easily understood in the framework of Newtonian physics, but it sounds puzzling in the framework of relativistic physics. The debate pertaining to the relativistic approach to rotation started just after the publication of Einstein's theory, and it is still ongoing. This discussion has stimulated the development of relativistic physics for a century: it deals with many stimulating - and sometimes paradoxical - issues, and encompasses also issues pertaining to the very foundations of relativity. However, understanding the peculiarity of a rotating frame of reference is not of theoretical significance only, but also of great practical significance, since we do live in a rotating reference frame: for instance, the fast development of technical devices, such as the Global Positioning System, requires highly precise measurements that cannot neglect the relativistic effects deriving from Earth's rotation. As a matter of fact, rotation in relativistic physics is quite ubiquitous, since its effects are of great importance in the fundamental processes of length and time measurement, in the synchronization of standard clocks, in the definition itself of space and time, in astrophysics, in the study of quantum systems. Even if the subject is a long-standing one, this is the first monograph on this field. On the one hand, this book is intended to give a rather wide review on this field, both in a historical and pedagogical perspective; on the other hand, it aims at critically re-examining and discussing the most controversial issues. For instance, according to some authors the celebrated Sagnac effect is a disproval of the theory of relativity applied to rotating frames; according to others, it is an astonishing experimental evidence of the relativistic theory. In order to give the reader a deeper insight into this research field, the contributing authors discuss their opinions on the main subjects in an enthralling virtual round table: in this way, the reader can get a direct comparison of the various viewpoints on the most controversial and interesting topics. This is particularly expedient, since the differences in the various approaches are often based upon subtleties that can be understood only by a direct comparison of the underlying hypotheses. This book should be a guide and a reference for all those who, now and in the future, have an interest in this field. In particular it addresses research workers and specialists in relativistic physics, foundations of physics, history and philosophy of science, mathematical physics.

Product Details

• Hardcover: 480 pages
• Publisher: Springer; 1 edition (December 31, 2003)
• Language: English
• ISBN-10: 1402018053
• ISBN-13: 978-1402018053
• Product Dimensions: 9.9 x 6.2 x 0.8 inches
• Shipping Weight: 1.9 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)
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• Amazon.com Sales Rank: #1,935,294 in Books (See Bestsellers in Books)