Wholeness and the Implicate Order (Routledge Classics) (Paperback)

All of which is the underpinning for David Bohm's book, 'Wholeness and The Implicate Order'. The book perfectly ties together all the loose ends and integrates them - starting with hidden variables theory, going on to the quantum potential and finally the explicate and implicate order.

In the most general sense, the apparently 'fragmented' universe we behold- made of disparate stars, galaxies, galaxy clusters etc. is the explicate order. The outwardly manfest reality occurring in 4 dimensional space time. However, we cannot be sure that at a higher dimensionality all the fragmented forms are not unified.

A good illustration is one that Bohm himself provides in this superb monograph. Imagine a fish in an aquarium tank and two TV cameras are trained on him. One captures his frontal view - the other his lateral view. These images are transmitted to two separate screens-monitors in another room. The casual observer on encountering the TV monitors most probably would infer two separate fish. But in fact they constitute one fish at the higher (3D) dimensionality.

This unified order would be described as 'implicate' - and one can ascertain that the explicate order is or can be 'enfolded' into it. In effect, one confronts a universe that has deceived our senses. We are decieved into believing there exist a multiplicity of entities, when in fact there is only one. We just can't apprehend it from our vantage point.

Now, a number of books have come out with similar themes. Some of these are simply too childish, and with too many mystical or 'supernatural' overtones. For example, David Talbot's 'Holographic Universe' falls under this rubric, where he gets carried away and led on to considering 'supernatural' mannifestations and 'miracles' merely because the universe may be implicate. Fritjof Capra's 'Tao of Physics' also falls under this, but nowhere near as badly. If nothing else, one can get a reasonable introduction to particle physics and group theory in Capra's book.

I think the interested reader is probably better served by three other books, which I think ought to be read before tackling David Bohm's - which, despite some portrayals - is not a popular science work! The first is perhaps the cartoon-plus-text book entitled 'Space, Time and Beyond' by Fred Alan Wolf and Bob Toben (Bantam New Age, 1982). After that, I recommend going on to 'The Non-Local Universe' by Robert Nadeau and Menas Kafatos (Oxford Univ. Press, 1999). Then, 'In Search of Reality' by Bernard d'Espagnat which is the best immediate introduction to Bohm's work. To really enable the reader to appreciate it.

It also helps to have some general familiarity with basic notions of physics- such as wave forms, interference and diffraction. For example, this would be particularly useful in seeing how Bohm composes 'the holomovement' (p.151).

The mathematics scattered throughout the text, cf. the chapter on 'Hidden Variables' is actually very basic for a book of this sort of depth and insight. However, to fully appreciate the gist of things, it does help to have a background at least in Calculus - if not Mechanics. (The latter is especially useful in understanding the sort of canonical transformations shown, e.g. on p. 92).

Finally, rather than supernaturalist drivel, I think the book really shows that we need to think of new ways- for example- to describe the phenomenon of human consciousness. I already attempted one such way, using 'Pauli spin operator' gates in the brain, in my book 'The Atheist's Handbook to Modern Materialism' (Chapter 5, 'Consciousness and Modern Materialism'). This also leads to the development of 'quantum' neural networks with the possibility of non-local features governing their operation (cf. p. 157 - my book).

The gateway to this whole panorama of ideas and concepts - connected to an inseparable cosmos- is Bohm's book. I've already re-read it three times, and still find new insights when I go back to it. I had hoped that before he died, Bohm (or colleague Brian Hiley) might have produced a more popular 'reader-friendly' version, but alas it was not to be. Still, it is possible for the non-physics specialist to get a lot out of it by navigating the route I suggested earlier.

The only ones likely to be disappointed, if any, will be those who either: a) are not familiar with the preliminary work leading up to Bohm's, or b) those who mistakenly think this book is of the 'popular' variety.