Hip-Hop 101 Essentials

Back in the day, neighborhood DJs set up their decks and did it in the park for love. Nowadays hip-hop is the biggest-selling musical genre in the U.S. It can make heads nod. It can spark revolution. And it can scare the hell out of people. Once called the "black CNN" by Chuck D, hip-hop is as diverse as the people who make it. They said rap wouldn't last, but it has produced some of the most exhilarating music of the past 20 years. The albums on this list are timeless, brilliant examples of the genre, illustrating its bizarre ride from poverty to platinum. These are the revolutionaries of hip-hop.


1.
It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back
Public Enemy
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Def Jam
May 2, 1995
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It Takes a Nation of Millions was the sign that hip-hop had exploded like a grenade. A rap record as abrasive, hardcore, and eloquent as a JFK speech, the 1988 disc is one classic track after another: tense, multilayered, harmonically wild music. Chuck D. declaims like a master preacher ... Read more

2.
Paid in Full
Eric B. & Rakim
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Fourth & Bway / Pgd
October 26, 1996
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This debut album, basically a collection of early singles (... Read more

3.
Raising Hell
Run D.M.C.
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Arista Europe
June 1, 1999
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Run-DMC's 1986 rap masterpiece, Raising Hell, storms out of the musical gate. One of the albums that defined the transition from the old school to the new school, with its heavy rhyme sequences layered on top of drum-machine beats, and an assortment of pulse-quickening record ... Read more

4.
Straight Outta Compton
N.W.A.
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Priority Records
October 25, 1990
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A lone voice sneers You are about to witness the strength of street knowledge, and with that warning the greatest-ever gangsta album begins. Then these Niggas with Attitude--wicked rhymes by Ice Cube, Easy E, and MC Ren; soulful production courtesy Dr. Dre; beats provided by DJ Yella--come barreling into ... Read more

5.
De La Soul Is Dead
De La Soul
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Rhino / Ada
May 13, 1991
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De La Soul burned out on their own hype fast, and their dark, strange second album is a counter-blast to their image and hip-hop culture: perverse, dissatisfied, sometimes brilliant, sometimes out of control. Occasionally it seems mean-spirited--the singl... Read more

6.
Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers)
Wu-Tang Clan
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RCA
November 9, 1993
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This debut revolutionized hip-hop (and launched half a dozen solo careers), as much for The RZA's raw barrage of off-kilter, off-key loops and sound effects as for its elliptically violent lyrics. Martial arts--at least as they appear in kung fu movies--ar... Read more

7.
By All Means Necessary
Boogie Down Productions
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Jive
October 25, 1990
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After Scott La Rock's death, KRS-One (a.k.a. Kris Parker) carried on the BDP name with this mammoth album and its uneasy balance between violence and nonviolence, jazz beats and hard-core hip-hop, the pride of boasting and the pride of the teacher he was t... Read more

8.
The Chronic
Dr. Dre
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Priority Records
December 15, 1992
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1989's Straight Outta Compton, by Dre's previous outfit N.W.A., may have shined the public spotlight on the genre, but The Chronic legitimized it. That is not to say that Snoop Doggy Dogg (The Chronic marks his debut) and Dre's raps are for everyone; the subject matter is the sex, ... Read more

9.
Illmatic
Nas
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Sony
April 19, 1994
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Nasir Jones made this debut album at the age of 20, already armed with the calm perceptiveness and been-there-done-that attitude of a much older ghetto vet, though sometimes his inner callow youth shows itself. ... Read more

10.
The Low End Theory
A Tribe Called Quest
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Jive
September 24, 1991
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De La Soul are remembered as the premier Native Tongues posse, those rappers who got low-key, self-consciously thoughtful, and jazzy in the face of gangsta's hardcore threats. But A Tribe Called Quest may have been even stronger, especially on their excell... Read more

11.
To Whom It May Concern...
Freestyle Fellowship
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Beats & Rhymes
December 28, 1999
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One of the best underground classics you've probably never heard, Freestyle Fellowship's little-known, long-out-of-print first album was brilliantly conceived and executed. As much as we abuse the concept of "ahead of its time," the Fellowship's 1991 debut... Read more

12.
Cypress Hill
Cypress Hill
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Sony
August 13, 1991
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Led by the deep-toned Sen Dog and the deliciously adenoidal whine of B-Real and backed by DJ Muggs's beats--as thick as the smoke they inhaled--Cypress Hill spun dope-fueled tales of revenge, revolution, recreational drug use, gangbanging, and cultural pri... Read more

13.
Ready to Die
Notorious B.I.G.
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During the Reagan era of all-for-me economics, MCs like Big Daddy Kane and Kool G Rap painted pictures of silky rap gangsterism, inspired by movies like The Mack and Superfly. Out of the post-Reagan rubble came Notorious B.I.G.'s debut, the Hustler reality-trip Ready to Die (also the LP debut ... Read more

14.
Paul's Boutique
Beastie Boys
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Capitol
July 19, 1989
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After the out-of-nowhere success of Licensed to Ill, the Beasties had to prove they were more than one-album wonders, and they hit it out of the park with this follow-up. The Boys' lyrics are a hysterical deluge of cultural allusion (Ponce De Leon, Sadaharu Oh, and Love Connection's Chuck ... Read more

15.
Step in the Arena
Gang Starr
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Virgin Records Us
January 15, 1991
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Gang Starr's second album is quintessential hip-hop and is easily one of the greatest rap albums of all time. In contrast to their 1989 debut, ... Read more

16.
Bizarre Ride II the Pharcyde
Pharcyde
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Delicious Vinyl
April 28, 1998
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Like De La Soul's Three Feet High & Rising, the Pharcyde's 1992 debut came at a time when hip-hop was headed in one direction, but the group was going somewhere else entirely. A crew of spunky b-boys armed with a self-deprecating sense of humor, the Pharcyde made an album ... Read more

17.
Strictly Business
EPMD
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Priority Records
July 1, 1991
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Imagine a time in history when artists didn't have to clear any samples in their music. EPMD's 1988 debut, ... Read more

18.
Black on Both Sides
Def, Mos
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Priority Records
October 12, 1999
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Black on Both Sides is a manifestation of compelling, honest hip-hop. The genre's underground torchbearer, the mighty Mos Def (half of Black Star), injects intellect, humor, and knowledge into all of his rhymes. Overall, the album has an understated quality, but pure enjoyment comes with discovering the clever lyrical ... Read more

19.
Lyte as a Rock
MC Lyte
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East/West Records
October 25, 1990
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MC Lyte is woman. Hear her roar. On her 1988 debut, ... Read more

20.
The Great Adventures of Slick Rick
Slick Rick
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Def Jam
May 2, 1995
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After he gained legendary status rapping on Doug E. Fresh's "La Di Da Di," it was only a matter of time before the world would clutch British-born Ricky Walters to its heart. Rick had already fancied himself a rabid storyteller (and a mighty good one) on F... Read more

21.
One for All
Brand Nubian
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Elektra / Wea
December 8, 1990
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Alongside acts such as Public Enemy and X-Clan, the Brand Nubian quartet (DJ Alamo and MCs Grand Puba, SadatX, and Lord Jamar) helped introduce a whole new generation to Five-Percenter philosophies and conscious pride. Their 1990 debut was filled with the smooth production and syrupy flows that made ... Read more

22.
AmeriKKKa's Most Wanted
Cube, Ice
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Priority Records
May 16, 1990
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Cube took a lot of the heat for N.W.A's more excessive moments, maybe because he was the best rapper in the group, and his solo debut reacts by pushing the envelope even further. To the strains of a carpet-bombing Bomb Squad soundtrack, he adopts a way-ove... Read more

23.
Illadelph Halflife
Roots, The
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Geffen Records
September 24, 1996
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Philly never gets its props, but the City of Brotherly Love has pioneered its fair share of hip-hop innovations. Schooly D was the first gangsta rapper; DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince perfected rap comedy, and the Roots became the first rap act to put ... Read more

24.
Critical Beatdown
Ultramagnetic MC's
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Roadrunner UK
July 23, 1996
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Part B-Boys and part Bad Boys, the Ultramagnetic MC's took a series of mind-blowing singles, including "Ease Back" and "Funky," wrapped them around at least as many new tracks, and released ... Read more

25.
Mama Said Knock You Out
L.L. Cool J