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by Janusz Korczak
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by Sandra Joseph
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by Korczak Janusz
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by Betty Jean Lifton
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by Gloria Spielman
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On August 6, 1942, during the early stages of the Nazi liquidation of the Warsaw Ghetto, Germans ordered Korczaks famous orphanage evacuated. Korczak was forced to gather together the two hundred children in his care. He led them with quiet dignity on that final march through the ghetto streets to the train bound for the death camp Treblinka.
It was Janusz Korczak who introduced progressive orphanages into Poland, founded the first national childrens newspaper, trained teachers in what we now call moral education, and worked in juvenile courts defending childrens rights.
Korczak wrote over twenty books. His nonfiction, such as How to Love a Child and The Childs Right to Respect, gave parents and teachers new insights into child psychology. And generations of young people grew up on his fiction, especially the classic King Matt the First, which tells of the adventures and tribulations of a boy king who aspires to bring reforms to his subjects. It was as beloved in Poland as Peter Pan and Alice in Wonderland were in the English-speaking world.
At the end, Korczak, who had directed a Catholic as well as a Jewish orphanage before the war, had refused all offers of help for his own safety from his Gentile colleagues and friends. "You do not leave a sick child in the night, and you do not leave children at a time like this," he said.
Some time after the war, the land that had once been Treblinka was transformed into a vast rock garden. Among the seventeen thousand nameless stones, there is one that bears a personal name:
JANUSZ KORCZAK
(HENRYK GOLDSZMIT)
AND THE CHILDREN
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