Research Methods in Anthropology, August 6, 2001

The 20 chapters of this book are organized into three sections: preparing for field research, methods of collecting data, and data analysis. The six chapters on preparing for field research include how cultural anthropology fits into the history of science, the fundamental concepts and vocabulary of social research, research design and the experimental method, sampling, choosing a research problem, and searching the literature. Topics are introduced in a way that does not presuppose any prior knowledge on the part of the reader, yet goes into sufficient detail.

The nine chapters on collecting data include methods for participant observation, selecting informants, taking field notes, unstructured and semistructured interviewing, structured interviewing, questionnaires, using scales to measure concepts, direct observation, and unobtrusive research. These chapters do not offer practice exercises, but Bernard does give many examples of experiments which he suggests that students attempt to copy to practice applying the skills.

The five chapters on data analysis include analyzing qualitative data, creating a codebook, and three chapters on statistics. Although the he covers the subject of statistics thoroughly and in a way that would be a valuable resource on the field, Bernard warns that his discussion should not replace studying the subject under a professor.

In several places in the book, Bernard discusses the obscure topic of ethics. He occasionally states his opinions, which are moderate, but more often gives several examples of experiments to trigger the reader's thoughts. His goal is to have each student critique others' research and understand what the varied implications can be so that they will be careful in their own work. This method is more effective than dictating what is right or wrong.

This book is an invaluable resource to those beginning field research and even to experienced researchers who want a new angle on fieldwork. It covers a broad scope of methodology with many helpful examples and illustrations. I gained both knowledge and a different perspective from reading this book and would highly recommend it to others.