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Biomedical Computing: Digitizing Life in the United States (The Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science, 130) 1st Edition
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Winner of the Computer History Museum Prize of the Special Interest Group: Computers, Information, and Society
Imagine biology and medicine today without computers. What would laboratory work be like if electronic databases and statistical software did not exist? Would disciplines like genomics even be feasible if we lacked the means to manage and manipulate huge volumes of digital data? How would patients fare in a world absent CT scans, programmable pacemakers, and computerized medical records?
Today, computers are a critical component of almost all research in biology and medicine. Yet, just fifty years ago, the study of life was by far the least digitized field of science, its living subject matter thought too complex and dynamic to be meaningfully analyzed by logic-driven computers. In this long-overdue study, historian Joseph November explores the early attempts, in the 1950s and 1960s, to computerize biomedical research in the United States.
Computers and biomedical research are now so intimately connected that it is difficult to imagine when such critical work was offline. Biomedical Computing transports readers back to such a time and investigates how computers first appeared in the research lab and doctor's office. November examines the conditions that made possible the computerization of biology―including strong technological, institutional, and political support from the National Institutes of Health―and shows not only how digital technology transformed the life sciences but also how the intersection of the two led to important developments in computer architecture and software design.
The history of this phenomenon has been only vaguely understood. November's thoroughly researched and lively study makes clear for readers the motives behind computerizing the study of life and how that technology profoundly affects biomedical research today.
- ISBN-101421404680
- ISBN-13978-1421404684
- Edition1st
- PublisherJohns Hopkins University Press
- Publication dateJune 1, 2012
- LanguageEnglish
- Dimensions6 x 1.1 x 9 inches
- Print length360 pages
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Editorial Reviews
Review
Computers changed research in the life sciences in the 1950s and 1960s. Historian Joseph November engagingly relates how... November's style is convincing and compelling.
(Paula Stephan Nature 2012)A fine pick for medical, science and computer collections alike.
(Midwest Book Review 2012)Yes, it's about computers, but very readable.
(Reference and Research Book News 2012)A well-written, engaging piece of historical scholarship... One cannot help but appreciate November's talent at synthesizing and distilling a vast array of highly technical subject matter, making it accessible to not only polymaths, but also any intelligent, dedicated reader.
(Keith Mages Watermark 2012)An interesting account of information technology's grand entry into biomedicine in the US and its impact on advances in numerous life science disciplines.
(Choice 2012)In this finely drawn, much-needed study, November shows how a few visionary physicians, life scientists, and computer specialists first created common cause and transformed their respective fields... Conveying that mutual transformation makes <I>Biomedical Computing</I> a significant, timely contribution to both the history of computing and the history of biomedicine.
(Cyrus Mody Journal of American History 2013)... This book constitutes an obligatory read for historians interested in twentieth-century science and technology; and is an important reference for philosophers and social scientists investigating contemporary developments in biomedicine.
(Sabina Leonelli Social History of Medicine 2013)This book will be essential reading for historians of both biomedicine and computing. November has done these fields a great service by mapping a complex but fundamental set of technical and institutional relations that have given momentum to our contemporary digitized lives.
(Joanna Radin IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 2013)Review
―R. P. Channing Rodgers, Computers in Biology and Medicine
Review
"November's work is a compelling (and fun) read for anyone working in this field, and documents the fragility of a new discipline and the careers of the people creating it—and the magic mix of talent, determination, and sheer good luck that marks the difference between success and failure (or, a delayed and muted success). It also illumines the critically important role of larger social forces, particularly that of government as a patron of science and technology."
-- R. P. Channing Rodgers ― Computers in Biology and MedicineAbout the Author
Product details
- Publisher : Johns Hopkins University Press; 1st edition (June 1, 2012)
- Language : English
- Hardcover : 360 pages
- ISBN-10 : 1421404680
- ISBN-13 : 978-1421404684
- Item Weight : 1.35 pounds
- Dimensions : 6 x 1.1 x 9 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #3,533,543 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #526 in Medical Informatics (Books)
- #564 in History of Medicine (Books)
- #720 in Bioinformatics (Books)
- Customer Reviews:
About the author

Joseph November is Associate Professor of History at the University of South Carolina. He teaches courses related to the history of science, medicine, and technology. He is particularly interested in how developments in information technology and the life sciences have shaped one another. He received his Ph.D. from Princeton University in 2006. From 2007 to 2008, he served as a Stetten Fellow at the National Institutes of Health.
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November does an excellent job of chronicling the advance of applying computing towards biomedical pursuits. Much of the early advances in computing came at the military’s expense. Many, like myself, desire to pursue non-military applications of computing that did not involve the taking of human lives. A field like biology was and is ripe for having computer assistance. And not all of the goals that were set out by the greats in this book have been completed. There are more advances left to be made. I have a pair of follow-up thoughts:
First, I am left curious, What happened after the mid-1960s with biomedical computing (i.e., after this book ends)? The story/stories do not terminate there. Being in the field, I feel that the history-making is just getting started. A follow up work to this could be in order.
Second, November could practice in a more engaging writing style that would interest more people. This book reads like a well-researched doctoral dissertation. (There’s nothing wrong with that.) The style could delve into the psychology of what drives computer innovation. That human story was not told in this book. The history was well-mapped (to November’s credit), but I am left wondering what internal drives moved these people towards contributing so. I think that story would allow November’s erudition to reach a wider audience.
Overall, I am glad that I chose to read this book. It’s always interesting to study the giants coming before in one’s profession. There aren’t a ton of historians of science out there – much less historians of computing. This work solidifies many thoughts which animate my profession.
