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Blood Meridian: Or the Evening Redness in the West Paperback – May 5, 1992
| Cormac McCarthy (Author) Find all the books, read about the author, and more. See search results for this author |
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Based on historical events that took place on the Texas-Mexico border in the 1850s, it traces the fortunes of the Kid, a fourteen-year-old Tennesseean who stumbles into the nightmarish world where Indians are being murdered and the market for their scalps is thriving.
- Print length368 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherKnopf Doubleday Publishing Group
- Publication dateMay 5, 1992
- Dimensions5.19 x 0.83 x 8 inches
- ISBN-100679728759
- ISBN-13978-0679728757
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Editorial Reviews
Amazon.com Review
Review
—Michael Herr
"McCarthy is a writer to be read, to be admired, and quite honestly—envied."
—Ralph Ellison
"McCarthy is a born narrator, and his writing has, line by line, the stab of actuality. He is here to stay."
—Robert Penn Warren
From the Inside Flap
From the Back Cover
About the Author
Excerpt. © Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.
My concern being the reader, I will begin by confessing that my first two attempts to read through Blood Meridian failed, because I flinched from the overwhelming carnage that McCarthy portrays. The violence begins on the novel's second page, when the fifteen-year-old Kid is shot in the back and just below the heart, and continues almost with no respite until the end, thirty years later, when Judge Holden, the most frightening figure in all of American literature, murders the Kid in an outhouse. So appalling are the continuous massacres and mutilations of Blood Meridian that one could be reading a United Nations report on the horrors of Kosovo in 1999.
Nevertheless, I urge the reader to persevere, because Blood Meridian is a canonical imaginative achievement, both an American and a universal tragedy of blood. Judge Holden is a villain worthy of Shakespeare, Iago-like and demoniac, a theoretician of war everlasting. And the book's magnificence-its language, landscape, persons, conceptions-at last transcends the violence, and converts goriness into terrifying art, an art comparable to Melville's and to Faulkner's. When I teach the book, many of my students resist it initially (as I did, and as some of my friends continue to do). Television saturates us with actual as well as imagined violence, and I turn away, either in shock or in disgust. But I cannot turn away from Blood Meridian, now that I know how to read it, and why it has to be read. None of its carnage is gratuitous or redundant; it belonged to the Mexico-Texas borderlands in 1849-50, which is where and when most of the novel is set. I suppose one could call Blood Meridian a "historical novel," since it chronicles the actual expedition of the Glanton gang, a murderous paramilitary force sent out both by Mexican and Texan authorities to murder and scalp as many Indians as possible. Yet it does not have the aura of historical fiction, since what it depicts seethes on, in the United States, and nearly everywhere else, as we enter the third millennium. Judge Holden, the prophet of war, is unlikely to be without honor in our years to come.
Even as you learn to endure the slaughter McCarthy describes, you become accustomed to the book's high style, again as overtly Shakespearean as it is Faulknerian. There are passages of Melvillean-Faulknerian baroque richness and intensity in The Crying of Lot 49, and elsewhere in Pynchon, but we can never be sure that they are not parodistic. The prose of Blood Meridian soars, yet with its own economy, and its dialogue is always persuasive, particularly when the uncanny Judge Holden speaks (chapter 14, p. 199):
The judge placed his hands on the ground. He looked at his inquisitor. This is my claim, he said. And yet everywhere upon it are pockets of autonomous life. Autonomous. In order for it to be mine nothing must be permitted to occur upon it save by my dispensation.
Toadvine sat with his boots crossed before the fire. No man can acquaint himself with everything on this earth, he said.
The judge tilted his great head. The man who believes that the secrets of this world are forever hidden lives in mystery and fear. Superstition will drag him down. The rain will erode the deeds of his life. But that man who sets himself the task of singling out the thread of order from the tapestry will by the decision alone have taken charge of the world and it is only by such taking charge that he will effect a way to dictate the terms of his own fate.
Judge Holden is the spiritual leader of Glanton's filibusters, and McCarthy persuasively gives the self-styled judge a mythic status, appropriate for a deep Machiavelli whose "thread of order" recalls Iago's magic web, in which Othello, Desdemona, and Cassio are caught. Though all of the more colorful and murderous raiders are vividly characterized for us, the killing-machine Glanton with the others, the novel turns always upon its two central figures, Judge Holden and the Kid. We first meet the Judge on page 6: an enormous man, bald as a stone, no trace of a beard, and eyes without either brows or lashes. A seven-foot-tall albino almost seems to have come from some other world, and we learn to wonder about the Judge, who never sleeps, dances and fiddles with extraordinary art and energy, rapes and murders little children of both sexes, and who says that he will never die. By the book's close, I have come to believe that the Judge is immortal. And yet the Judge, while both more and less than human, is as individuated as Iago or Macbeth, and is quite at home in the Texan-Mexican borderlands where we watch him operate in 1849-50, and then find him again in 1878, not a day older after twenty-eight years, though the Kid, a sixteen-year-old at the start of Glanton's foray, is forty-five when murdered by the Judge at the end.
McCarthy subtly shows us the long, slow development of the Kid from another mindless scalper of Indians to the courageous confronter of the Judge in their final debate in a saloon. But though the Kid's moral maturation is heartening, his personality remains largely a cipher, as anonymous as his lack of a name. The three glories of the book are the Judge, the landscape, and (dreadful to say this) the slaughters, which are aesthetically distanced by McCarthy in a number of complex ways.
What is the reader to make of the Judge? He is immortal as principle, as War Everlasting, but is he a person, or something other? McCarthy will not tell us, which is all the better, since the ambiguity is most stimulating. Melville's Captain Ahab, though a Promethean demigod, is necessarily mortal, and perishes with the Pequod and all its crew, except for Ishmael. After he has killed the Kid, Blood Meridian's Ishmael, Judge Holden is the last survivor of Glanton's scalping crusade. Destroying the Native American nations of the Southwest is hardly analogous to the hunt to slay Moby-Dick, and yet McCarthy gives us some curious parallels between the two quests. The most striking is between Melville's chapter 19, where a ragged prophet, who calls himself Elijah, warns Ishmael and Queequeg against sailing on the Pequod, and McCarthy's chapter 4, where "an old disordered Mennonite" warns the Kid and his comrades not to join Captain Worth's filibuster, a disaster that preludes the greater catastrophe of Glanton's campaign.
McCarthy's invocation of Moby-Dick, while impressive and suggestive, in itself does not do much to illuminate Judge Holden for us. Ahab has his preternatural aspects, including his harpooner Fedellah and Parsee whaleboat crew, and the captain's conversion to their Zoroastrian faith. Elijah tells Ishmael touches of other Ahabian mysteries: a three-day trance off Cape Horn, slaying a Spaniard in front of a presumably Catholic altar in Santa, and a wholly enigmatic spitting into a "silver calabash."Yet all these are transparencies compared to the enigmas of Judge Holden, who seems to judge the entire earth, and whose name suggests a holding, presumably of sway over all he encounters. And yet, the Judge, unlike Ahab, is not wholly fictive; like Glanton, he is a historic filibuster or freebooter. McCarthy tells us most in the Kid's dream visions of Judge Holden, towards the close of the novel (chapter 22, pp. 309—10):
In that sleep and in sleep to follow the judge did visit. Who would come other? A great shambling mutant, silent and serene. Whatever his antecedents, he was something wholly other than their sum, nor was there system by which to divide him back into his origins for he would not go. Whoever would seek out his history through what unraveling of loins and ledgerbooks must stand at last darkened and dumb at the shore of a void without terminus or origin and whatever science he might bring to bear upon the dusty primal matter blowing down out of the millennia will discover no trace of ultimate atavistic egg by which to reckon his commencing.
I think that McCarthy is warning his reader that the Judge is Moby-Dick rather than Ahab. As another white enigma, the albino Judge, like the albino whale, cannot be slain. Melville, a professed Gnostic, who believed that some "anarch hand or cosmic blunder" had divided us into two fallen sexes, gives us a Manichean quester in Ahab. McCarthy gives Judge Holden the powers and purposes of the bad angels or demiurges that the Gnostics called archons, but he tells us not to make such an identification (as the critic Leo Daugherty eloquently has). Any "system," including the Gnostic one, will not divide the Judge back into his origins. The "ultimate atavistic egg" will not be found. What can the reader do with the haunting and terrifying Judge?
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Product details
- Publisher : Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group (May 5, 1992)
- Language : English
- Paperback : 368 pages
- ISBN-10 : 0679728759
- ISBN-13 : 978-0679728757
- Item Weight : 8.2 ounces
- Dimensions : 5.19 x 0.83 x 8 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #4,272 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #39 in Biographical Historical Fiction
- #96 in Westerns (Books)
- #568 in Literary Fiction (Books)
- Customer Reviews:
About the author

Cormac McCarthy was born in Rhode Island. He later went to Chicago, where he worked as an auto mechanic while writing his first novel, The Orchard Keeper. The Orchard Keeper was published by Random House in 1965; McCarthy's editor there was Albert Erskine, William Faulkner's long-time editor. Before publication, McCarthy received a travelling fellowship from the American Academy of Arts and Letters, which he used to travel to Ireland. In 1966 he also received the Rockefeller Foundation Grant, with which he continued to tour Europe, settling on the island of Ibiza. Here, McCarthy completed revisions of his next novel, Outer Dark. In 1967, McCarthy returned to the United States, moving to Tennessee. Outer Dark was published in 1968, and McCarthy received the Guggenheim Fellowship for Creative Writing in 1969. His next novel, Child of God, was published in 1973. From 1974 to 1975, McCarthy worked on the screenplay for a PBS film called The Gardener's Son, which premiered in 1977. A revised version of the screenplay was later published by Ecco Press. In the late 1970s, McCarthy moved to Texas, and in 1979 published his fourth novel, Suttree, a book that had occupied his writing life on and off for twenty years. He received a MacArthur Fellowship in 1981, and published his fifth novel, Blood Meridian, in 1985. All the Pretty Horses, the first volume of The Border Trilogy, was published in 1992. It won both the National Book Award and the National Book Critics Circle Award and was later turned into a feature film. The Stonemason, a play that McCarthy had written in the mid-1970s and subsequently revised, was published by Ecco Press in 1994. Soon thereafter, the second volume of The Border Trilogy, The Crossing, was published with the third volume, Cities of the Plain, following in 1998. McCarthy's next novel, No Country for Old Men, was published in 2005. This was followed in 2006 by a novel in dramatic form, The Sunset Limited, originally performed by Steppenwolf Theatre Company of Chicago. McCarthy's most recent novel, The Road, was published in 2006 and won the Pulitzer Prize.
Customer reviews
Reviewed in the United States on July 10, 2017
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I can tell you that I don't like his stuff for the same reasons as anyone else. I'm not going to sit and read it for the same reason I would read a non-fiction narrative or something. Life is short and you can't always devote hours of your time slogging through such a vivid record of one characters life, only to find no meaning at the end. But sometimes I want to, and I have to applaud McCarthy on being one of the only people who can open that door in the world of literature.
First of all - who on Earth gives away the ending of a book in the prologue? It's actually a trend throughout the book where the author summarizes each chapter via a chapter header. It's almost as if he's admitting that the story isn't the all that great.
And it's not. The author focuses on describing scenes to boredom, and the story just kind of tags along for the ride.
But that's not the worst of it - the lack of punctuation in this novel is enough to induce migraines. We use punctuation for a reason - it allows the reader to effortlessly follow a story and understand who is speaking. The lack of punctuation forces the reader to use an unnecessary amount of effort to follow what is an incredibly basic (and often times boring) plot.
I’ve never really understood this. What is it that makes certain people’s tastes ‘superior’ than others? When did it become ‘cool’ to hate everything that everyone loved and to love everything that everyone hated? I bring this up because this is one of those books that critics everywhere love, yet I thought it was the most godawful exercise in tedium I have ever experienced. I’d rather sit through a four-hour conference call on a Friday afternoon where everyone is forced to talk about their accomplishments for the week as opposed to having to ever read something like this again.
Before I go any further, if you’re reading this review and you really liked this book, I mean, you REALLY liked the book (you don’t just say you did because you want to keep your seat at ‘The Cool Kid’s Table’) then that really is fine. I’m not trying to belittle your opinion. I just simply don’t get it. I’ve easily read over 1,000 books in my lifetime (I started posting reviews on Amazon back in 2013 – I’m up to about 350) and I have to honestly state that this is probably the worst piece of fiction I’ve ever come across. It’s definitely in my top (i.e. bottom) 5 anyway.
There’s no story here. There’s nothing here that interested me in the slightest. There’s no care in the writing either. For some reason, the author doesn’t even bother to put quotation marks around the dialog. We get periods at the end of sentences and an occasional comma, but that’s it. Again why?? Is this what an author has to do to pen a “classic”?
The narrative (notice I didn’t say ‘story’) is about a 15-year old kid (known as ‘The Kid’) who lives in the Old West in the 1800s. He leaves home one day, ends up joining an army to fight in Mexico, and ends up stumbling around the western frontier with mostly unsavory characters and encounters even more unsavory adversaries. This whole book is nothing but dust, blood, scalpings, dying, disease, corpses, carnage and depression. There were times where I really had to struggle figuring out exactly what was going on. It’s not that the writing was necessarily confusing, it was just so uneventful and depressing. Again, this seems to be some sort of twisted appeal when we’re describing works of art. I get that true art needs to be unique, but does it have to be so malodorous? I’ll also add that I’m still confused by the ending of this book. I even did a Google search and found some “ideas” but apparently my sentiment is shared by many. Again, it seems as though ‘true’ works of art are supposed to be confusing. Whatever. Ugh.
This book was written in 1985; the same year I graduated high school. I’m glad it wasn’t written before then, because it might have ended up as ‘required reading’ in one of my high school English classes. You remember those classes, right? The ones where none of the kids had a clue as to what they were reading, and hated the book so bad that they all bought the Cliffs Notes? Yep. This is one of those books.
O.K. rant done. Really. Again, if you really did like this book, that’s cool. I hated it. All I could think of while reading was that critics were playing a cruel joke on me and trying to make me believe that I was an emperor wearing a suit of molded, smelly brand-new clothes. Next, please.
SPOILERS: This is a narrative of a group of male zombies roaming the Southwest US and Northern Mexico in search of scalps, ears, and heads rather than the standard zombie fare, brains, perhaps because brains are in such short supply in this tale. Despite the meticulously described violence, no one is impacted; no one changes; if a character isn't dead, he simply ambles on to the next spasm of destruction, with the most minimal point or purpose. A main character lauds this as a warrior's life, the fulfillment of masculinity, but that character is basically an animated phallus (in looks and point of view), who has nothing in common with say, Hector or even Achilles, or any other admired warrior throughout the rest of Western fiction. I think this is a book for the young who have never faced nor thought about the consequences of a life of annihilation; in that, it might have a point; but for any thoughtful adult, it is repulsive, and reductive of all that a man can aspire to be.
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As we follow the kid on his adventures, so he falls in with some US Army irregulars as they take up a mission to claim certain parts of Mexican land as American, but when this turns out rather badly, so he ultimately starts running with Glanton’s gang. For those who do not know about this aspect of American and Mexican history, this gang was employed as bounty hunters to kill Indians, being paid by the number of scalps that they handed over. So we read here of the violence of the Indians as well as those of people such as the Glanton gang and others. We can see that the judge here is most certainly a high performing sociopath.
We are told near the beginning that the kid has a mindless taste for violence, and this novel does wallow somewhat in the violence of man towards man, bringing out the warlike savagery that exists in us all. This violence and bloodiness are rife throughout the story, something that we cannot escape from and does sit well with the landscape, which is harsh and unforgiving. The language used here is certainly poetic, and this is of course written in McCarthy’s usual style that a lot of us have now become used to.
If you are looking for something different from those books you usually find in the Western or indeed the historical fiction genres then this may be just your thing, and there are certainly a number of themes that are presented to us here, making this worth reading.
The prose is breathtaking. Not just the prose: the way that the book transforms the West of the mid-19th century into a fantasy novel far more compelling than Game of Thrones. The mythic resonances remain just out of reach - well, for me they did, and all the better for it, though Patrick W Shaw (see Wikipedia) insisted on a literal interpretation that I'd say flattens the thing. Is the judge God, or Man, or Father, or Death, or is he a great swollen baby that might reflect an alternate path through life? All of the above and none of them. You'll have to tune out logic but then it's quite some ride.










