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Change.edu: Rebooting for the New Talent Economy
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While low-income students can’t find a spot in their local community colleges for lack of funding, public four-year universities are spending staggering sums on luxurious residence halls, ever-bigger football stadiums, and obscure research institutes. We have cosseted our most advantaged students even as we deny access to the working adults who urgently need higher education to advance their careers and our economy. In Change.edu: Rebooting for the new talent economy Andrew S. Rosen clearly and entertainingly details how far the American higher education system has strayed from the goals of access, quality, affordability, and accountability that should characterize our system, and offers a prescription to restore American educational pre-eminence.
To change, our system will have to end its reflexive opposition to anything new and different. Rosen describes how each new wave of innovation and expansion of educational access— starting with the founding of Harvard in 1636, and continuing with the advent of land-grant colleges in the 19th century, community colleges in the 20th century and private sector colleges over the last two decades—has been met with misunderstanding and ridicule. When colleges like the University of California, Cornell and Purdue were founded, they were scorned as “pretenders to the title of university” – language that tracks later criticisms of community colleges and most recently for-profit colleges.
Avoiding that condescension is just one of the reasons colleges have come under the sway of “Harvard Envy” – schools that were founded to expand access feel an inexorable tug to become more prestigious and exclusive. Even worse, the competition for the best students has led universities to turn themselves into full-fledged resorts; they’ve built climbing walls, French bistros and 20-person hot-tubs to entice students to their campuses.
How can America address an incentive system in higher education that is mismatched to the challenges of the years ahead? In Change.edu, Rosen outlines “seven certainties” of education in the coming 25 years, and presents an imperative for how our system must prepare for the coming changes. He proposes a new “playbook” for dealing with the change ahead, one that will enable American higher education to regain its global primacy and be a catalyst for economic growth in the 21st century.
- ISBN-101607144417
- ISBN-13978-1607144410
- PublisherKaplan Test Prep
- Publication dateOctober 18, 2011
- LanguageEnglish
- Dimensions5.25 x 1.4 x 8 inches
- Print length272 pages
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Editorial Reviews
Review
"Presently, this may be the subject of snide editorials and contemptuous hearings, but Rosen envisions a day when for-profit learning centers step up and fill the education gap much in the same way "land grant" and community colleges did in years past. The alternative, he fears, spells trouble for American supremacy in education." "--Kirkus Reviews
""Andrew Rosen has written a great new book on higher education in America, Change.edu: Rebooting for the New Talent Economy. It is provocative, insightful, and mostly correct. Yet, I predict, it will be largely ignored by the higher-education community." --Richard Vedder, Innovations blog for "The Chronicle of Higher Education
""Americans know that our primary and secondary schools are woefully under-performing but believe our colleges and universities are second to none. Andy Rosen blows a big hole in that belief, showing that, just when we need to grow the number of students getting a high-quality post-secondary education, our state universities are in financial distress and our private schools are quickly becoming too costly for all but the wealthy. This is a must-read book for those who care about fixing our nation's higher education problems before they become intractable." --Former New York City Schools Chancellor, Joel Klein
."..a smart, easy-to-read overview of the weaknesses of colleges and universities and the benefits of the fast-growing private-sector colleges...While this book will not quiet all the critics, it effectively identifies weaknesses in both the nonprofit and the public sectors and should stimulate college presidents to reconsider some of their priorities." "--School Library Journal"
"Presently, this may be the subject of snide editorials and contemptuous hearings, but Rosen envisions a day when for-profit learning centers step up and fill the education gap much in the same way "land grant" and community colleges did in years past. The alternative, he fears, spells trouble for American supremacy in education." "--Kirkus Reviews
""Andrew Rosen has written a great new book on higher education in America, Change.edu: Rebooting for the New Talent Economy. It is provocative, insightful, and mostly correct. Yet, I predict, it will be largely ignored by the higher-education community." --Richard Vedder, Innovations blog for "The Chronicle of Higher Education
""Americans know that our primary and secondary schools are woefully under-performing but believe our colleges and universities are second to none. Andy Rosen blows a big hole in that belief, showing that, just when we need to grow the number of students getting a high-quality post-secondary education, our state universities are in financial distress and our private schools are quickly becoming too costly for all but the wealthy. This is a must-read book for those who care about fixing our nation's higher education problems before they become intractable." --Former New York City Schools Chancellor, Joel Klein
"Kirkus Reviews" October 15, 2011
An enjoyable look back at the history of higher education in America and the startling new ways it might develop in the future.
The author and CEO of test-prep powerhouse Kaplan is willing to doff his mortarboard to the Ivy League--but only because Rosen is absolutely convinced that one day, often maligned private-sector institutions like his will rule the day. Incredibly, his argument never comes off as self-serving; the author's thorough exploration of "Harvard Envy" and the rise of "resort" campuses is both fascinating and enlightening. He cites spiraling costs, dwindling budgets and improved technology as some of the many reasons behind this inevitable changeover. If America is going to compete with the global brain trust, the author argues, it will have to be done from behind a computer screen. The prestige that Ivy League schools command is largely due to their exclusivity, a fact that runs counter to the growing need to expose increasing numbers of people to higher education. Thus, somewhere in America, there is a college campus contemplating the highest rock-climbing wall in an effort to woo new students. That's just about as ridiculous as online distance learning--what might be thought of as the successor to old "correspondence courses"--becoming as viable as Yale or Duke. But both are happening. The U.S., writes Rosen, has no other choice but to look to virtual for-profit learning outlets like Kaplan and the University of Phoenix to boost the number of college graduates.
Presently, this may be the subject of snide editorials and contemptuous hearings, but Rosen envisions a day when for-profit learning centers step up and fill the education gap much in the same way "land grant" and community colleges did in years past. The alternative, he fears, spells trouble for American supremacy in education.
"School Library Journal" Social Sciences/ Education, October 1, 2011
Rosen, chairman and CEO of Kaplan, Inc., has written a smart, easy-to-read overview of the weaknesses of colleges and universities and the benefits of the fast-growing private-sector colleges, one of which, Kaplan University, he heads. He argues that too many public and private universities focus on campus amenities and institutional prestige rather than what their students learn and that community colleges provide access but have an unsustainable financial model. Private-sector universities prosper only because they give students new skills, so they pay close attention to what their students learn and how they can learn better. Rosen presents data and analyses that challenge the usual criticisms of private-sector universities--that they don't educate and they charge too much, misuse government funds, and recruit too aggressively. While this book will not quiet all critics, it effectively identifies weaknesses in both the nonprofit and the public sectors and should stimulate college presidents to reconsider some of their priorities. VERDICT: A well-written and thought-provoking critique of contemporary higher education of interest to all readers concerned about the future strength of American society.
--Elizabeth R. Hayford, Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL
Change.edu: Time to Reboot Learning
One would expect a book by the CEO of a for-profit university to mount a vigorous defense of the much-maligned for-profit higher education sector. But what one might not expect is that the same book would do so in a thoughtful, well-researched manner that discusses not just the place of for-profit universities in education, but also offers a compelling narrative on the state of American higher education across the board--from its elite institutions to its community colleges--and addresses the far larger challenges the country's colleges and universities must tackle for America to maintain--or even regain--its competitive edge.
Yet that's exactly what Andy Rosen, CEO of Kaplan, Inc., accomplishes in "Change.edu: Rebooting for the new talent economy," which whirls through the history of higher education in the United States and into its uncertain future in a refreshingly enjoyable and brief but comprehensive 200 pages.
Framed against the backdrop of America's need to educate more of its citizens far better, Change.edu is divided into four broad themes. The first is a discussion of "Harvard Envy" and "Club College," which explains why colleges strive to become bigger and better along dimensions that often don't line up with improving student learning and causes greater investment in the "educational haves" as opposed to the "educational have nots." Next, Rosen explores how community colleges are meant to help the educational have nots but have a broken funding model that limits their reach. Rosen then examines the complementary role the for-profit colleges play and concludes with a discussion of how learning should guide government policy for colleges and universities of all stripes in the future.
At times Rosen is intensely critical of many colleges' and universities' excesses and limitations. To illustrate the points, he documents everything from a sadly amusing competition to house the t
Chronicle of Higher Education Innovations Blog
Andrew Rosen has written a great new book on higher education in America, "Change.edu: Rebooting for the New Talent Economy." It is provocative, insightful, and mostly correct. Yet, I predict, it will be largely ignored by the higher-education community. One reason: Rosen is the CEO of Kaplan Higher Education, and probably viewed by many as a biased supporter of for-profit schools, rather than a serious commentator on the general strengths and weaknesses of America's colleges and universities (this is somewhat ironic, since he has degrees from Duke and Yale, and has lots of nice things to say regarding traditional higher education).
Rosen makes five big points. First, higher education once in a great while is hit with a truly disruptive innovation. He cites the rise of the private-sector (for-profit) schools as one such disruption, and also considers the Morrill Act (which created land-grant schools) and the postwar explosive expansion of universities and community colleges as such examples of disruptive innovations.
Second, Rosen argues that many universities have lost sight of their noble mission because they have been stricken by Harvard Envy, trying to emulate the nation's most prestigious schools.
Third, much of conventional higher education is an ever more expensive exercise in the dilution of learning and the development of frivolous resort communities (campuses) with emphasis on climbing walls, football, and luxury housing
Fourth, the for-profits are incentivized to focus on student outcomes and learning--paying laser-like attention to this most critical mission of higher education.
Lastly, the attacks on the for-profits for various transgressions are wide of the mark, and, indeed, dollar for dollar, those schools deliver the best value to taxpayers for educating millions of Americans.
Of course, that is what you might expect a CEO of a for-profit college to say. But Ros
GettingSmart.com"
"
Not too much sparks the fury of the education status quo more today than the privatization of education and specifically for profit colleges. Forgotten is the original mission of higher education from its origins at the start of our country: to deliver a practical, useful education. Would our founding fathers be embarrassed at the frivolities of the social programs and free form curriculum offered at many colleges and universities without any thought or reason to the useless degrees and unimaginable college debt accumulated to obtain those degrees? Many of these new degree holders are now landing back into their parent's homes upon graduation instead of the once instantaneous promising jobs and careers.
Rosen's book starts out with the history of higher education in the United States and the basic question of what the purpose of a college education should be. With the focus on extra curricular activities and the focus of "social opportunities" that many college existences concentrate on, perhaps the original focus of a "practical" education has been overlooked.
This books looks at the background of the earliest colleges in the US such as Berkeley which started out as two different schools, one modeled after Harvard and Yale and the other focusing on a practical education to farming, mining, and mechanical arts. Berkeley in its current life says Rosen "stretches the boundaries of practicality." Typical classes, which can include the study of scrabble, can be part of the day of study upon which students retire to their spa style dormitories.
Rosen also points out that the ultimate education for many of us is the style of education that the Harvard brand brings. Many colleges have imitated the Harvard style and who of us hasn't dreamt of the "Hahvard" education for our children? With the inevitable "Harvard Envy" that Rosen outlines is the movement for institutions to market themselves upward by focusing on the prestige of the
The Washington Post - January 20, 2012
"CHANGE.EDU: Rebooting for the New Talent Economy," By Andrew S. Rosen By Bill Gates
Theodore Hesburgh, the former president of the University of Notre Dame, used to joke that education was one of the few things people were willing to pay for and not get. While that may still be true for some students whose parents are picking up the tab, for many others eager to land a decent job with a future, society needs to do more to ensure that all students get the education and training they need to keep pace with the evolving demands of employers.
In "Change.edu," Andrew Rosen calls for greater relevance, access, accountability and transparency in higher education. He builds a persuasive case that many non-traditional students -- such as working adults, parents and those at risk of dropping out -- are not well served by traditional institutions. New approaches, he argues, are critical to ensure that more people have the opportunity to obtain college degrees.
As chief executive of Kaplan, Inc., a for-profit educational services company, Rosen offers a prescription that will rankle some traditionalists in academia. But I find his insights truly important for the debate on what needs to be done to improve the success of post-secondary education in America. (Full disclosure: Kaplan is a subsidiary of The Washington Post Company, where my wife, Melinda, served on the board from 2004 to 2010.)
The United States used to lead the world in the percentage of adults with college degrees, but has now fallen to 10th place. That's partly because we have such a high dropout rate. While more than two-thirds of students who graduate from U.S. high schools attend college or pursue postsecondary training, barely one-third of those will end up getting a degree. Something is clearly broken.
This is especially worrisome because more than half of jobs today require a college education, and that trend will continue. By 2018, t
ZDNet - November 30, 2011
Change.edu: Insights from Kaplan's CEO
Summary: "Change.edu: Rebooting for the new talent economy is one of the best books I've read on the changing face of education (and the unfortunate turns that our higher education system continues to take).
"I recently had the opportunity to read Change.edu: Rebooting for the new talent economy, by Andrew Rosen. Rosen is the chairman and CEO of Kaplan, Inc., the activities of which reach from brick and mortar test prep facilities to 1:1 tutoring to fully online higher education through Kaplan University. As a result, he's in a unique position to discuss the sorts of changes that can drastically shift how we think about higher education and education in general. The book itself is one of the clearest calls to action I've read as we look for real solutions to problems of opportunity, job growth, access, and competitiveness in post-recession America.
Rosen brings forward several themes that fly in the face of our long-held views and beliefs about higher education. Most importantly, he starts the book by calling out Harvard, our oldest and most respected institution of higher learning. The problem with education is not Harvard or highly competitive schools that turn our bright young minds and vital research. Rather, the problem is what he calls "Harvard Envy."
When schools invest millions competing to be the biggest, most sought-after, highest ranked schools, chasing the Harvard ideal, they effectively shut out hundreds of thousands of students badly in need of higher education but unable to afford it or, just as likely, unable to get into increasingly competitive schools. Unfortunately, too many schools end up, as he points out, in a vicious cycle of one-upmanship. My favorite quote from the book describes this problem perfectly:
In retailing, the two biggest success stories of my lifetime have been Wal-Mart and Target, both aimed at mass-market consumers who'd pr
"Americans know that our primary and secondary schools are woefully under-performing but believe our colleges and universities are second to none. Andy Rosen blows a big hole in that belief, showing that, just when we need to grow the number of students getting a high-quality post-secondary education, our state universities are in financial distress and our private schools are quickly becoming too costly for all but the wealthy. This is a must-read book for those who care about fixing our nation's higher education problems before they become intractable."
- Former New York City Schools Chancellor Joel Klein
Kaplan CEO Is Right on Target About Traditional Higher Education By Richard Vedder
Andrew Rosen has written a great new book on higher education in America, "Change.edu: Rebooting for the New Talent Economy." It is provocative, insightful, and mostly correct. Yet, I predict, it will be largely ignored by the higher-education community. One reason: Rosen is the CEO of Kaplan Higher Education, and probably viewed by many as a biased supporter of for-profit schools, rather than a serious commentator on the general strengths and weaknesses of America's colleges and universities (this is somewhat ironic, since he has degrees from Duke and Yale, and has lots of nice things to say regarding traditional higher education).
Rosen makes five big points. First, higher education once in a great while is hit with a truly disruptive innovation. He cites the rise of the private-sector (for-profit) schools as one such disruption, and also considers the Morrill Act (which created l
"Kirkus Reviews" October 15, 2011
An enjoyable look back at the history of higher education in America and the startling new ways it might develop in the future.
The author and CEO of test-prep powerhouse Kaplan is willing to doff his mortarboard to the Ivy League--but only because Rosen is absolutely convinced that one day, often maligned private-sector institutions like his will rule the day. Incredibly, his argument never comes off as self-serving; the author's thorough exploration of "Harvard Envy" and the rise of "resort" campuses is both fascinating and enlightening. He cites spiraling costs, dwindling budgets and improved technology as some of the many reasons behind this inevitable changeover. If America is going to compete with the global brain trust, the author argues, it will have to be done from behind a computer screen. The prestige that Ivy League schools command is largely due to their exclusivity, a fact that runs counter to the growing need to expose increasi
"Presently, this may be the subject of snide editorials and contemptuous hearings, but Rosen envisions a day when for-profit learning centers step up and fill the education gap much in the same way "land grant" and community colleges did in years past. The alternative, he fears, spells trouble for American supremacy in education." "--Kirkus Reviews"
About the Author
Product details
- Publisher : Kaplan Test Prep (October 18, 2011)
- Language : English
- Hardcover : 272 pages
- ISBN-10 : 1607144417
- ISBN-13 : 978-1607144410
- Item Weight : 14.4 ounces
- Dimensions : 5.25 x 1.4 x 8 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #4,332,815 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #1,626 in Distance & Online Learning
- #4,313 in Education Reform & Policy
- #7,582 in Sociology (Books)
- Customer Reviews:
About the author

Andrew S. Rosen is chairman and CEO of Kaplan, Inc., one of the world’s largest and most diverse education organizations. Throughout his career, Rosen has pioneered new approaches to education with a focus on student achievement and success. He is an outspoken advocate for adult learners, and a frequent speaker on the challenges facing higher education in a knowledge economy. Mr. Rosen holds an A.B. degree from Duke University and a J.D. from Yale Law School.
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- Reviewed in the United States on November 26, 2011This book is perfect two types of readers. First, for all parents so they can better lead their children to making the right decision about their college education. Despite my college education, I knew relatively little about the industry from the educators point of view. And I'm not alone. This book really explains the industry, the costs, what you get, the history, purposes, current trends, and more. All very useful when deciding on a school. Such as how many schools chase Harvard by trying to become more elite, which means turning down more students (the opposite of serving more students). Or how Harvard's capital spending on new buildings does not result in equivalent student population increases. Or how lots of money is spent on sports programs and other "attractions" at traditional universities that have nothing to do with academics and everything to do with luring and attracting students to their school. Just to clarify, he's not arguing people should go there. He just points out there is room for improvement.
And the second reader is the person who is interested in learning more about the for-profit educational sector. They have received lots negative press in the last 2 years and most people too easily jump on the bandwagon. However, before making up your mind, it is prudent and necessary to consider all points of view. And Andrew presents the for-profit sector point of view here. He has some very convincing arguments, such as how almost everything else in the US is already profit oriented. And that traditional schools have been under-serving the economically disadvantaged. And that for-profits typically charge less for education when you take into considering all tax dollars going to the state universities.
Overall, there is lots of misinformation in the public domain about our education system and this book will help clarify and educate you, so you can make smarter decisions (whether choosing a school or voting or perhaps, investing in for-profit schools).
- Reviewed in the United States on August 16, 2012I found Mr. Rosen book both insightful and thought provoking. In his book, Mr. Rosen highlights what he believes are some of the drawbacks and challenges facing both non-profit education universities and public community colleges, as well as breaking some of the myths surrounding for-profit schools. One might assume that the author will be biased toward for profit education institutions (Mr. Rosen is the Chairman and CEO of Kaplan Inc.), however, I have found it not to be the case.
The book starts with the history of education in the USA. I found it fascinating to learn about the early days of the land-grant colleges and some of the bias against their low admission standards and their government funding. Of course one should remember that Cornell and Berkley were originally a land-grant colleges, I would assume that today no one would dispute their importance in the education of many students and the major innovation that sprang from these universities. Time will tell if any of the current for-profit schools will rival the likes of Berkley with their innovation and the success of their students.
Mr. Rosen continues with describing some of the short falls of our current top education institutions, the resort like colleges, the utilization time of the students in today's top colleges. One study that is quoted in the book is quite compelling. The study suggests that the average student spend 2.9 hours a day on education while at the same time the average student spends 4.5 hours a day on "Leisure and Sports". All this happens at times of an ever growing tuition (and other) fees. While reading, I found myself pondering. What is the goal of our education colleges and universities? Is it to teach or to entertain? And what is the goal of the student and his parents when signing up for a 4 year degree? Not an easy question to answer.
The book continues in exploring some of the short coming of our community college, admittedly a very good idea, however with funding constraints and other described limitations it can not answer all our countryman and countrywomen education needs.
The second part of the book describes the evolution of private for-profit colleges and the differentiating characteristics of the schools, the students and the operations. Mr. Rosen describes the leaders of the new type of schools and their background. The reader should ask himself, is there any other place for a 30+ year old person to get a four year education without stopping his current work and family obligations?
Although I do not agree with all of Mr. Rosen's points with regards to the taxpayer cost comparing non-profit, public and for-profit schools, I do appreciate laying it out as a counter view to the case against private sector higher education. Mr. Rosen goes on and provides his point of view with regards to other biases and myths against the private sector institutions.
I think Mr. Rosen was a bit light on describing the reasons for some of the aggressive tactics that schools used to recruit students, however he does admit to the fact that "There are cases where overaggressive recruitment has taken place".
I think that some of it has to do (as anything else in life) with a wrong incentive systems to the recruiters, but only time will tell if changing the incentives will prevent some of the overaggressive tactics.
For years now people have compared the results of students at the different type of education institutions, but is it a fair comparison? Can you compare an 18 year old university automat (more in the book) to a part time single parent student? And if this comparison is not fair how do you still measure the success of the schools?
I found Mr. Rosen statistics and explanations about using similar type of students when comparing education success (or failure) very interesting and valuable, I do wish that more will be written about better ways to measure success. This comparison begs the very hard question, is everyone can comply with the requirements of a 4 year degree, and if not what can be done to help the ones that want it but do not have the skills / tool set to achieve it?
In conclusion I would highly recommend Mr. Rosen's book Change. Edu to any student, educator, community leader and all who wish like to learn more about our current education landscape, the challenges we face and the future opportunities.
Amir Avitzur
Author of "Why do we sell low and buy high? The guide you must read BEFORE you invest"
- Reviewed in the United States on November 11, 2011For years we've been told that one of the few remaining competitive advantages America has over the rest of the world is that we have the world's best system of higher education. But recently I've noticed some serious erosion in that advantage. In an age when nearly every young American will want and need a college diploma -- and an era when the cost of an elite private college education is fast approaching a quarter of a million dollars -- our precious system of higher education is on the verge of serious problems and potential disaster. Andrew Rosen's excellent book "Change.edu" is the first book I've seen that takes a serious and sober look at the real problems ... and proposes some actual solutions. I strongly recommend it.
- Reviewed in the United States on December 4, 2012This reads like a justification for for-profit education, but without a compelling, data-backed research foundation. I feel cheated for my investment of time and money.
Top reviews from other countries
Denzil RankineReviewed in the United Kingdom on January 5, 20135.0 out of 5 stars A very good read
The whole argument is well set out up front. A clearly written and engaging book which is a must-read for anyone interested in higher education. Whilst the arguments are presented as balanced, there is no doubt a pro-Harvard and anti-Kaplan counter-view.
-
yoplaboumReviewed in France on August 19, 20121.0 out of 5 stars lart de vendre son commerce
vous ne savez pas comment faire pour avoir des clients? ecrivez un ouvrage ou vous dites du mal de vos concurrents et mettez vous en avant, c'est exactement ce qui est fait ici, un ouvrage pour vendre kalan inc.
Supriyo ChaudhuriReviewed in the United Kingdom on October 24, 20124.0 out of 5 stars Case for For-Profit Education
Andrew Rosen makes a powerful case for For-Profit Higher Education, as one would expect him to do. These are dark days for the sector, with Harkin Committee and other state and federal reviews looking closely at the practices: With that backdrop, Mr Rosen attempts to lay out a well-argued case.
His arguments are based on some of the failings of the other kinds of players in the Higher Education spectrum: The Private Not-For-Profit, with the arms race on conveniences and features unconnected with education and therefore, expanding costs, and Community Colleges, with their admirable mission but low graduation rates, come up for flak. Mr Rosen also documents the failings of For-Profit sector, including those of his own Kaplan University's, but then puts these in perspective and argues that the For-Profit players cost less to taxpayers, create options for students, and may make possible Obama's dream of lifting the college graduation rates in America (indeed, he argues, without For-Profit sector, it wouldn't be possible).
This is a very accessible book on a fairly complex policy area, though, admittedly, this is a biased account. Critics will argue that the coverage of failings of the For-Profit sector is skimpy. But, undeniably, the book needs to be read, as we can't wish away For-Profits. Borrowing Mr Rosen's argument, one would say that if we expect private companies not just to provide us with goods and services, groceries and cars, as well as run our hospitals, schools and even fight our wars, it is hard to see why we can't let them run our universities. And, indeed, we need to understand the sector better and have a proper debate about it, rather than the current witch-hunting the politicians and the media indulge upon.
I shall recommend the book to all interested in the sector. There are wide international similarities regarding the For-Profit Higher Education, and therefore, while the context here is solely American, readers from other countries will be able to connect with the arguments. I have given it a 4-star rather than 5 because Mr Rosen seems to skip certain crucial aspects of the debate, such as whether the proliferation of For-Profit schools represent a dumbing down of education, and whether the practice of using adjunct professors represent an indirect public subsidy (as these professors will often hold down full time jobs at public institutions) and whether teaching-by-the-hour changes the profession completely. These issues are as substantial in this debate as the question of taxpayer subsidy is, and needed to be addressed if this was become a more balanced account of the For-Profit industry.

