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Civilization: The West and the Rest Hardcover – January 1, 2011
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- Print length402 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherAllen Lane
- Publication dateJanuary 1, 2011
- Dimensions6.38 x 1.54 x 9.45 inches
- ISBN-101846142733
- ISBN-13978-1846142734
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Product details
- Publisher : Allen Lane
- Publication date : January 1, 2011
- Edition : First Edition
- Language : English
- Print length : 402 pages
- ISBN-10 : 1846142733
- ISBN-13 : 978-1846142734
- Item Weight : 1.68 pounds
- Dimensions : 6.38 x 1.54 x 9.45 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #5,982,407 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #1,774 in History (Books)
- Customer Reviews:
About the author

Niall Ferguson is a senior fellow at the Hoover Institution at Stanford University, former Laurence A. Tisch Professor of History at Harvard University and current senior fellow at the Center for European Studies at Harvard University, a visiting professor at Tsinghua University, Beijing, and founder and managing director of advisory firm Greenmantle LLC. The author of 15 books, Ferguson is writing a life of Henry Kissinger, the first volume of which—Kissinger, 1923-1968: The Idealist—was published in 2015 to critical acclaim. The World's Banker: The History of the House of Rothschild won the Wadsworth Prize for Business History. Other titles include Civilization: The West and the Rest, The Great Degeneration: How Institutions Decay and Economies Die and High Financier: The Lives and Time of Siegmund Warburg. Ferguson's six-part PBS television series, "The Ascent of Money: A Financial History of the World," based on his best-seller, won an International Emmy for best documentary in 2009. Civilization was also made into a documentary series. Ferguson is a recipient of the Benjamin Franklin Award for Public Service as well as other honors. His most recent book is The Square and the Tower: Networks on Power from the Freemasons to Facebook (2018).
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Customers find the book insightful and well-researched, praising its detailed history of Western Civilization over 500 years and its brilliant narration. The writing style receives positive feedback, with customers describing it as a fascinating historical journey that's fun to read. While many customers consider it a good value, some find the pacing not entirely convincing.
AI Generated from the text of customer reviews
Customers appreciate the book's insights and explanations, describing it as a terrifically researched exploration that is very educational and thought-provoking.
"Insightful, concise and well written. I recommend this book to all historians that know only about one area or era." Read more
"Very informative, but very dry. I had to write a book report about this selection, though I learned many new things, I was glad to be done with it." Read more
"This is an extremely interesting and informative book. It filled in many gaps in my knowledge of history and it is a book which makes you think." Read more
"...is why I've given his book - otherwise magnificently written and researched - only 4 stars here and on Goodreads." Read more
Customers find the book very readable and enjoy it greatly, with one customer noting it's particularly suitable for class studies.
"An excellent book, from Niall Ferguson, a professor at both Harvard University and the Harvard Business School, who's probably the top historian of..." Read more
"Great read for those wanting to understand the history of the US and the Western success." Read more
"...But despite failing to tie things together the way I like, this is a great book, well worth your time...." Read more
"The author presents a very interesting and compelling argument, but the book is also a great lesson in world history and cultural interaction." Read more
Customers find the book fascinating and fun to read.
"...I found the author funny, interesting and armed with so much information that the book itself should be registered as a weapon of mass destruction..." Read more
"...It makes for an interesting read even if one differs on the six “pillars” of Western civilization...." Read more
"An interesting book..." Read more
"Fascinating, refreshing, provocative..." Read more
Customers appreciate the historical content of the book, which details the history of Western Civilization through extensive research spanning 500 years.
"Excellent book on world history written in a way that holds one's attention though out the entire book. I love all this writer's books." Read more
"There's some decent historical material here, but his ethnocentric bias is very strong...." Read more
"...is a great starting point to introduce many of the players and historical events." Read more
"Great history, linking past events that played critical roles in the way certain civilizations came to rise and fall...." Read more
Customers praise the writing style of the book, describing it as a well-written popular history text that is narrated brilliantly by the author.
"...as well is far from complicated and the recopilation of data, well written, in a basis of storytelling make you feel as if you were seeing such..." Read more
"I love history and this is a well written history of how societies have evolved over time." Read more
"This is a well written work, and should cause one to think about fragile our society is becoming, particularly with 16 years of weak leadership." Read more
"This is the second book I have read by Niall Ferguson. It is a well-written, fully engaging examination of western civilization and how our..." Read more
Customers appreciate the storytelling in the book, describing it as a fascinating historical journey with stimulating arguments about why events occurred.
"The author weaves a compelling story of the reasons that western civilization moved far out in front of the rest of the world...." Read more
"The author presents a very interesting and compelling argument, but the book is also a great lesson in world history and cultural interaction." Read more
"Ferguson, a great historian, in this insightful work identifies six factors propelling western civilization to ascendance over the past five..." Read more
"...I only can say that the reader is engaged from page one in a very interesting story, with many appropriate historical data. Really a nice reading!" Read more
Customers find the book to be a good value, with several noting it's worth the price and one mentioning it provides significant economic and social benefits.
"This is a very informative and important book. I bought copies for my grandson and my son. I recommend that everyone read it." Read more
"...Some of the bits were worth the price of the book...." Read more
"...and much that is incomplete, nevertheless it is an intriguing and valuable work." Read more
"One of the most significant books I've read this year...." Read more
Customers have mixed opinions about the pacing of the book, with some finding it not entirely convincing.
"...There are serious "factual inaccuracies" in this book which really disappointed me...." Read more
"...New, clever, useful things like seagoing ships, accurate clocks, the discovery of moveable type, microscopes, germ theory, and a million other..." Read more
"...Well argued, as usual, but not entirely convincing and a tad on the hysterical and fatalistic side...." Read more
"Description of book is misleading- bored me to tears" Read more
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Top reviews from the United States
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- Reviewed in the United States on November 17, 2011Wow, what an amazing, exciting and insightful historical analysis of how we all got here! By "here," I mean to say, at Amazon, browsing books on line, reading the reviews of anonymous readers with wildly divergent opinions!
Before I write anything, remember this: Comparative Culture is, by definition, based on human opinion, and its study can be polarizing and emotionally sensitive. This book will get your back up, one way or the other.
There are many detailed reviews already written on this controversial volume, so I'll just cut RIGHT to the chase: If you're a conservative American (or European, for that matter), and you think we are "by God, the strongest country on earth, never been stronger, and all you foreign hordes coming from Asia can love it or leave it!" then this book is NOT for you. If you're a Tea Partier or a Rick Perry supporter, this book is going to rankle you, maybe even offend you, because Dr. Ferguson recognizes that the United States is an empire in serious trouble. But he doesn't leave the story there.
On the other side of the coin, if you're a staunch "declinist," a radical environmentalist, an Occupier, or a gloom-and-doom jeremiah, this book will ALSO put you off. Niall Ferguson is far too sophisticated a social critic to be easily labeled. He's not a flag waving patriot, and he's not a red-hot revolutionary. He's an enormously accomplished historian who believes that our times are BAD, that civilization is dangerously close to rapid disintegration, that the loss of standards and civility in life are creating a world of unimaginable selfishness, that fear and greed rule the WORLD, not just the markets, and that mass consumerism leads to boredom, loneliness and depression. There's just one catch: He believes we can fix it. He believes we NEED to fix it, quickly, URGENTLY!
So who will actually LIKE this book? Political scientists, intellectuals, and liberals with enough time and money to contemplate BIG issues will love this book. Your typical suburban professional, with a mind inquisitive enough to wonder what the hell is going on will love this book. Anyone living in the "West" with the feeling that we're muddling through a decade-long malaise will appreciate this book. Your political persuasion is really not important.
Dr. Ferguson gets our attention by first dispelling the historical misconception that strong empires tend to fade away with time, due to internal stagnation and external competition. Well, he wants us to know that empires don't fade away, they CRUMBLE, usually within a generation. He supports this view with historical evidence. In other words, we live in a world within which many great civilizations have come crashing down due to [the same] internal stagnation and external competition in a matter of a few years. He thinks the "West," and the United States in particular, are dangerously close to falling off the cliff. The Eurozone, too.
He wants to "save" the "West" from this outcome by 1) sounding the alarm and 2) offering recommendations on how this might be done. This is really, REALLY important and amazing stuff.
The book centers around a metaphor of the "West" using its "killer apps" to rapidly advance economically from the "Rest" over the past 500 years. He sets up a beautifully effective structuralist argument that the "West" adopted an "operating system" which became the world standard, and that six "killer apps" were designed for that operating system that completely marginalized the rest of the world. Dr. Ferguson is quite specific about the six "killer apps" around which he constructs his argument. You'll have to read the book to learn what they are! He dedicates a chapter to detailed discussion of each of these killer apps, and explores how the "Rest" are catching up to the "West" because they have simply learned how to download these apps, and make them work within their own "operating system."
The "Rest" adopted an "operating system" that may have been technically superior, but became marginal because it was not pragmatic or expedient. Here, he's referring to the great Asian and African civilizations, and he's stuffing (and generalizing) the comparative political analysis into a "Beta vs. VHS" or "Apple vs. Microsoft" metaphor. I love it!
Here's the punchline: The six killer apps of the West have become corrupted by viruses and are losing there competitive advantage due to COMPLACENCY. We need to refocus on the continued development of our killer apps, and then "reboot" the entire system. We'll become the better performing, restored machine after this, moved back from the brink by own our effort and skill. We'll need to accommodate a new operating system too, because Asia is rapidly advancing.
If we fail to recognize the problem, our killer apps, and our entire operating system may be replaced by another more aggressive and adaptable standard. The world will become one-sided. The metaphor refers here to the emergence of Asia, once again, supported by historical trends. For those of you who rave that Dr. Ferguson's thesis is racist, I offer this: He's not comparing RACE anywhere in the text, but he is comparing CULTURE. Once again, we're talking about comparative culture, which is an extremely sensitive topic. And, if anything, he is praising the enormous advancements of the civilizations OUTSIDE the "West."
I think this is a brilliant thesis, told with powerful insight, strong historical references, and a lovely post-modern allegorical structure.
Niall Ferguson doesn't know everything, but he is smart enough to know when things are bad enough to take notice. And he's optimistic enough in the tools he learned as a "Westerner" to believe that there's much more good work to do. The West is too young to die. Our apps work. They need updates... now.
Will we heed the call to fix things, or will we let stagnant gridlock, selfish intolerance and complacency destroy our civilization? Niall Ferguson believes the choice is ours. WE can work for a better society, or we can continue to go our own way, knocking down anyone and everyone who stands in our way to... what? More debt, more stagnation, and more Lexapro?
This book is, obviously, highly politically charged, and it does NOT respect the decorum we would generally describe as "politically correct." It's an easy read about weighty issues, but it's going to make you either mad as hell or thankful for such a penetrating mind. But if it moves you to action or, at least to contemplation, it's a successful book.
- Reviewed in the United States on January 29, 2014Format: KindleVerified PurchaseNiall Ferguson has the following impressive credentials: Laurence A. Tisch Professor of History at Harvard University; the William Ziegler Professor of Business Administration at Harvard Business School; a senior research fellow of Jesus College, Oxford; and a senior fellow of the Hoover Institution, Stanford. How’s that for a resume. He has the education, undeniably, but is he astute about how the world is right now and what made it that way? The answer is: Yes, he is. And he shows it in this comparison of Western civilization’s free market capitalism versus every other kind of political, social, and economic construct over the course of 500 years and how it has provided better economic and social benefit than what he terms all “the Rest.”
Tackling that kind of historical, political, and economic analysis is courageous and daunting. However, Ferguson is up to the challenge, offering cogent reasons why capitalism in the form of free-market entrepreneurship was a success over the course of those five centuries and why all the other systems, such as communism and socialism and the last of the Ming dynasties were not. As with all great professors, he makes unique comparisons and offers outside-the-box examples to support his assertions. The inward looking philosophy and mistrust of innovation by the Ming dynasties of the late 18th and early 19th centuries was reflected in their rejection of the European clocks of that era when the clock was originally invented by the Chinese. Of course the pendulum has shifted 180 degrees from that insularity by China today. The role of Gutenberg’s printing press in the spread of Martin Luther’s Reformation ideas, which encouraged wealth as a sign of salvation, led to rapid economic expansion. The inability of the USSR to produce a pair of jeans comparable to America’s Levi’s 501 jeans was symptomatic of communism’s disregard of consumerism which led to its eventual downfall. These are just some of the perceptive examples he uses throughout the book.
Ferguson postulates six reasons why the West became dominant:
• the Scientific Revolution (all “the major 17th century breakthroughs in mathematics, astronomy, physics, chemistry and biology happened in Western Europe)
• modern medicine (“nearly all the major 19th and 20th century breakthroughs in healthcare, including control of tropical diseases, were made by Western Europeans and North Americans”)
• the Protestant or work ethic (the role of that principle in social and economic organization, in the expansion of literacy, and “sustained capital accumulation”)
• competition
• “the rule of law and representative government… based on property rights and the representation of property-owners in elected legislatures” (as shown by the differences in evolution between North and South American economies and political structures)
• the consumer society (the Industrial Revolution created a supply of productivity-enhancing technologies to meet the demand for more and cheaper goods)
Some more juicy examples of Ferguson’s analysis of societies: He is a fan of Edmund Burke, the Irish statesman and philosopher who predicted the French Revolution’s decent into depravity while America’s Revolution did not because of the magnitude of the war that engulfed France. He also discusses the pros and cons of colonization and the replacement of it with consumerism as represented by the meteoric rise of the Singer sewing machine. In terms of the Cold War, he says: “Yet the Cold War turned out to be about butter more than about guns, ballgames more than bombs…The problem for the Soviet Union was simple: the United States offered a far more attractive version of civilian life than the Soviets could.” The competition between churches in America for the saving of souls explains why there is a vast decline in Protestantism in Europe and a rise in Protestantism in America given that “Americans have experienced more or less the same social and cultural changes as Europeans” since the 1960s.
Summing up, Ferguson examines the rise of China and the decline of the West with the pros and cons of that perception. He ends that discussion with optimism for the West and a challenge: “Yet this Western package [civilization] still seems to offer human societies the best available set economic, social and political institutions—the ones most likely to unleash the individual human creativity capable of solving the problems the twenty first century world faces. Over the past half-millennium, no civilization has done a better job of finding and educating the geniuses that lurk in the far right-hand tail of the distribution of talent in any human society. The big question is whether or not we are still able to recognize the superiority of that package…At its core, a civilization is the texts that are taught in its schools, learned by its students and recollected in times of tribulation… But what are the foundational texts of Western civilization that can bolster our belief in the almost boundless power of the free individual human being? And how good are we at teaching them, given our educational theorists’ aversion to formal knowledge and rote-learning? Maybe the real threat is posed not by the rise of China, Islam or CO2 emissions, but by our own loss of faith in the civilization we inherited from our ancestors.”
This is a highly original and influential historical tome written by an erudite historian and economist about an economic system, capitalism, that has affected billions of people in positive ways throughout five centuries. Read it to understand how the world got to where it is today, what might be in store for it in the future, and how the West can retain the lead.
Top reviews from other countries
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Gaspar Alberto Quijano ParedesReviewed in Mexico on April 18, 20215.0 out of 5 stars Lleno de apropiados detalles desconocidos en la historia y puestos en el contexto correcto
El autor tiene más que el conocimiento necesario para haber hecho de esta obra algo más ambicioso, sin embargo, encuentra el balance perfecto entre el recuento de la historia y el tiempo limitado que tenemos los lectores para leer una obra de este tipo. Sin duda altamente recomendable.
Patrick SullivanReviewed in Canada on January 23, 20125.0 out of 5 stars History And Economics Rolled Into An Entertaining Read
Ferguson sets out to explain how and why, Western Civilization became the world`s dominate force. Ferguson also outlines, why other areas of the globe remained an economic backwater. Ferguson boils down the last five hundred years of western success, to a list of six essential components.
Here is the list
1)Competition
2)Science
3)Property
4)Medicine
5)Consumption
6)Work
Each ingredient has its own chapter. Ferguson then takes the reader through various historical lessons. These historic episodes help the reader understand, how these listed factors applied to western success. Some of the history will be very familiar to reader. I am also willing to bet, most readers will also discover a few new areas of history, that Ferguson uncovers.
The conclusion of the book is all about how other countries, have started to apply western methods of success. Will the rise of strong Asian economies eclipse the growth of the west?
This book should really be part one of a series. Part two could be all about how current western societies, have moved away from the six factors of economic prosperity.
One caution I may make to a prospective reader of this book. The over all theme is a somewhat Libertarian message. This will be the deciding factor, in your potential enjoyment of the book.
MicheleReviewed in Italy on June 21, 20135.0 out of 5 stars The History of the Western success
Excellent! Ferguson explains the mechanics of the western successes since xvi century and allows to everyone to reflect on the Western weaknesses of the present focusing on our apparent and traditional sthrenghts
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takReviewed in Japan on January 16, 20144.0 out of 5 stars tak
とても読みやすく、日本人の書いた歴史の概観でなく西洋からの世界史の視点が新鮮でした。すでに邦訳出ていますが、英語はとても読みやすい、ユーモアにあふれる表現です。近現代史を新たな視点で見る、歴史を英語で話す必要性のある人にも最適です。
Manfred SchiederReviewed in Germany on September 8, 20135.0 out of 5 stars The road travelled by the Western World
Format: PaperbackVerified PurchaseIt's always a pleasure to read and/or view Niall Ferguson's books and/or DVD-TV-series of the products of his mind. His is a highly knowledgeable intellect, beside knowing how to use the tools (the passion for the subject, the persuasion of his arguments, the gripping description of the historical events as if they weren't presented by a gifted historian but by an experienced mystery writer) to capture the attention of the reader/viewer.
I highly recommend to read this book which, together with his "The Ascent of Money", passionately describes the road the Western World travelled to create our present civilization.
What's up to us now, is to establish a truly peaceful and productive human society. To do so, please read, added to Niall Ferguson's mentioned books, "ABUNDANCE, the future is better than you think," by Peter H. Diamandis & Steven Kotler," "MERCHANTS of DESPAIR," by Robert Zubrin," and "DECONVERTED," by Seth Andrews and add them to Ayn Rand's Philosophy of Objectivism.
Hours of intense awareness and fruitful reading pleasure expect you, as you run through pages upon pages of fascinating writings that will capture your full attention.














