North Korea is a country that seems to be defined by a few choice adjectives: "Stalinist," "communist," "pariah," "crazy," and "Confucian." Each of these descriptors is thrown around regularly in Western media, but what Dr. Myers' book shows is that these assumptions are largely incorrect. Yes, North Korea is a country born during the early Cold War and has been ruled by the same family for seventy years, but its worldview is not driven by a Marxist-Leninist view of history. Instead, North Koreans see the world through a lens of Koreans as the purest, most childlike race.
When this book arrived in the mail, my first reaction was surprise at the page size. Myers' book is formatted differently from the average dissertation reedited for mass consumption. As such, the type is slightly larger than average. It also includes numerous glossy photos (along with smaller black-and-white reproductions) of propaganda. The book is a quick read that does not suffer from the fault of so much academic writing in using jargon that makes it incomprehensible to laymen.
Myers, both through excerpts of North Korean propaganda and summaries in their voice, explains the North Korean worldview. Although the DPRK identifies as communist, Myers argues this was simply a tool to extract aid from fellow Eastern Bloc nations. The country with the greatest similarity to North Korea is fascist Japan. This is unsurprising because Korea was a colony of the Japanese Empire from 1910 to 1945. In its use of xenophobic, extremely nationalist language, North Korea is able to create a bunker mentality in which its citizens are constantly surrounded by hostile powers.
Even more important to its self-conception, however, is the DPRK's belief that Koreans are too pure, too spontaneous for this world unless they have a dear leader to rule them. This is how the Kim family justifies its stranglehold on power: yes, things are bad in North Korea now, but imagine what they would be like if the Yankee imperialists gained control. Kim il-Sung extracted loyalty from the nation through his role as national liberator and, in peace, by assuming a maternal role rebuilding the country. Kim Jong-il further emphasized his maternal aspects, alleged brilliance, and adopted a military-first stance that made the ability to strike out against any perceived opponents as the highest priority.
This attitude of racial superiority leads to some situations that might seem bizarre to outsiders. North Koreans have no problem accepting foreign aid because they perceive it as tribute. They will admit foreigners may be more intelligent or physically stronger, but the Korean people retain a superior morality. The North Koreans alternatively deny and hint that they possess nuclear weapons because chicanery is a way to fool their opponents. Even their acts of hostility, such as attacking foreign vessels or individual soldiers, come from the value the DPRK places on spontaneity.
Myers cautions that there is little likelihood of a peaceful resolution emerging from the nuclear tensions on the Korean peninsula. The North Korean propaganda apparatus looks with disdain at the U.S.S.R. for dissolving "without firing a shot" and barely tolerates its closest ally, China. The Kim family knows to allow political reform or meaningful contact with South Koreans will result in the collapse of their regime. Myers suggests the only way the DPRK might fall peacfully is if the people of North Korea slowly realize the southern half of the peninsula is content to not reunify so long as the Kim family remains in power.
This book is an excellent introduction to one of the most pressing geopolitical challenges of our time. There are only two limitations to the book, neither of which is the fault of the author. The first is many of his sources are not available in English translation. This is unsurprising; there is a paucity of material from Korean in general, let alone propaganda texts with almost no demand. The second is the passage of time. This book was published in the final full year of Kim Jong-il's rule. Although Myers briefly mentions Kim Jong-un, it was published before we were even certain what he looked like, let alone what policies he would pursue.
Nonetheless, this book would be a useful read for Donald J. Trump or any future president as they deal with the newest Kim. North Korea is a country that survives because it has embraced a very narrow worldview. Convinced of their superiority vis-a-vis any other people, compromise and concession is treated as polluting the people. It leaves the United States and other world powers with few options as they try to come to grips with this rogue state.
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The Cleanest Race: How North Koreans See Themselves and Why It Matters Hardcover – January 26, 2010
by
B.R. Myers
(Author)
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Print length208 pages
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LanguageEnglish
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PublisherMelville House
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Publication dateJanuary 26, 2010
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Dimensions7.27 x 0.8 x 8.75 inches
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ISBN-101933633913
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ISBN-13978-1933633916
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Editorial Reviews
From Publishers Weekly
A particularly nasty strain of racist propaganda has enabled North Korea's dictatorship to maintain power, according to this fascinating cultural survey. An American-born, South Korea-based instructor of North Korean literature, Myers (A Reader's Manifesto) combines his cultural and linguistic fluency with sharp analysis to throw light on one of the world's most closed-off cultures. Examining North Korean books, news broadcasts, and films, Myers finds that the country's supremacist propaganda can be traced to imperial Japan, which sought to convince Koreans that they were part of the "world's purest race." Myers acidly discredits Western interpretations of North Korea as "hard-line communist" or "Confucian," noting the prevalence of maternal rather than paternal imagery and the societal scorn for the former Soviet bloc. Esoteric cultural markers-e.g., the heavy use of flashbacks in film and literature-are mined for compelling clues to the North Korean sensibility. Myers' greatest feat is his explanation of how the regime has maintained power despite its failures in almost every area of governance-how it has convinced average North Korean citizens that shipments of U.S. food aid, for example, are actually reparations for past "Yankee" crimes. A sharp and smart introduction to one of the world's most secretive societies.
Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Review
"Electrifying... finely argued and brilliantly written." —Christopher Hitchens, Slate
"Provocative... A fascinating analysis." —Dwight Garner, The New York Times
"[A] scary... close reading of domestic propaganda [that] goes a long way toward explaining the erratic behavior and seemingly bizarre thought processes of Dear Leader Kim Jong Il." —The Wall Street Journal
"Myers' book is worth buying and reading." —The Quarterly Review
"The definitive book on the subject." —The Atlantic
"There are few books that can give the world a peek into the Hermit Kingdom.The Cleanest Race provides a reason to care about how those in North Korea see themselves and the West. It is possibly the best addition to that small library of books on North Korean ideology."
—Andrei Lankov, Far Eastern Economic Review
"Myers renders great service to the global foreign policy establishment with his lucid and well documented profile of the North Korean polity. If only it were made mandatory reading for all the stakeholder leaders, particularly the American establishment, who feel compelled to deal politically with North Korea. Maybe then, Myers' wisdom might lead them to adopt the only possibly policy toward North Korea that will work: that of 'benign neglect.'"
—Mike Gravel, US Senate 1969-1981
"In his new survey of North Korean propaganda, The Cleanest Race, B.R. Myers insists that the ongoing support of the North Korean public for the regime doesn't reflect any great faith in communism. Instead, he argues, it is rooted in a kind of paranoid racial nationalism adapted from the Japanese fascism that flourished before World War II.... Myers feels that the racialism at the heart of the regime's ideology will sustain it even as it fails to provide the prosperity it promises."
—Laura Miller, Salon.com
"The text offers a clear picture of the peculiar worldview of this profoundly inward-facing country, its character and continuous subtle alterations, and its under-appreciated ramifications in world affairs." —Reference & Research Book News
"Provocative... A fascinating analysis." —Dwight Garner, The New York Times
"[A] scary... close reading of domestic propaganda [that] goes a long way toward explaining the erratic behavior and seemingly bizarre thought processes of Dear Leader Kim Jong Il." —The Wall Street Journal
"Myers' book is worth buying and reading." —The Quarterly Review
"The definitive book on the subject." —The Atlantic
"There are few books that can give the world a peek into the Hermit Kingdom.The Cleanest Race provides a reason to care about how those in North Korea see themselves and the West. It is possibly the best addition to that small library of books on North Korean ideology."
—Andrei Lankov, Far Eastern Economic Review
"Myers renders great service to the global foreign policy establishment with his lucid and well documented profile of the North Korean polity. If only it were made mandatory reading for all the stakeholder leaders, particularly the American establishment, who feel compelled to deal politically with North Korea. Maybe then, Myers' wisdom might lead them to adopt the only possibly policy toward North Korea that will work: that of 'benign neglect.'"
—Mike Gravel, US Senate 1969-1981
"In his new survey of North Korean propaganda, The Cleanest Race, B.R. Myers insists that the ongoing support of the North Korean public for the regime doesn't reflect any great faith in communism. Instead, he argues, it is rooted in a kind of paranoid racial nationalism adapted from the Japanese fascism that flourished before World War II.... Myers feels that the racialism at the heart of the regime's ideology will sustain it even as it fails to provide the prosperity it promises."
—Laura Miller, Salon.com
"The text offers a clear picture of the peculiar worldview of this profoundly inward-facing country, its character and continuous subtle alterations, and its under-appreciated ramifications in world affairs." —Reference & Research Book News
About the Author
B.R. Myers was born in New Jersey and raised in Bermuda, South Africa and Germany. He has a Ph.D. in North Korean Studies from the University of Tübingen in Germany. His books include Han Sorya and North Korean Literature (Cornell East Asia Series, 1994) and A Reader’s Manifesto (Melville House, 2002). At present he directs the international studies department at Dongseo University in South Korea. In addition to writing literary criticism for the American magazine The Atlantic, of which he is a contributing editor, Myers regularly contributes articles on North Korea to the New York Times, Wall Street Journal and academic publications.
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Product details
- Publisher : Melville House; 1St Edition (January 26, 2010)
- Language : English
- Hardcover : 208 pages
- ISBN-10 : 1933633913
- ISBN-13 : 978-1933633916
- Item Weight : 1.16 pounds
- Dimensions : 7.27 x 0.8 x 8.75 inches
-
Best Sellers Rank:
#1,517,697 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #235 in North Korean History
- #2,227 in Customs & Traditions Social Sciences
- #3,854 in Medical Social Psychology & Interactions
- Customer Reviews:
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4.3 out of 5
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Reviewed in the United States on August 25, 2019
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Reviewed in the United States on September 2, 2019
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America is a racist country. If you don't recognize that, you probably haven't spent a lot of time living abroad. It's better in many ways, but it still has a long way to go. North Korea makes America look GOOD. With the encouragement of the government, this is a society that as turned racism into a religion and a way of life.
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Reviewed in the United States on February 15, 2018
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Very enlightening book, seems that the DPRK is more akin to a racist-fascist state than a socialist one and may also be the most 'religious' state in the world with the Kim dynasty, like earlier Japanese emperors, worshiped as 'living gods'. Hatred of Japan lives on in both Koreas, yet oddly enough, the the North adopted an awful lot from their Japanese occupiers. Having been published in 2011, the book is 7 years behind current events, thus Kim Jong Un and his nuclear advances are not covered. But overall, the book is well worth reading - 5 stars.
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Reviewed in the United States on January 19, 2013
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At first glance the idea of investigating a nation via its official propoganda does not seem useful, but in the case of the two Koreas- a people driven by conformity- it provides a valuable key to their elusive mindset.
Myers traces the government narrative of Korea back to the Japanese colonial era and earlier.
This is another book with fascinating research that sheds much light on the motivation and belief systems of todays Koreans, and the legacy of racism and xenephobia that has been encouraged and manipulated by its leaders for centuries.
This book provides much insight into the ROK as well as the DPRK. The same racial myths permeate both societies. The only difference is that the South is changing, while the north is trapped with attitudes that belong to prehistory.
Myers traces the government narrative of Korea back to the Japanese colonial era and earlier.
This is another book with fascinating research that sheds much light on the motivation and belief systems of todays Koreans, and the legacy of racism and xenephobia that has been encouraged and manipulated by its leaders for centuries.
This book provides much insight into the ROK as well as the DPRK. The same racial myths permeate both societies. The only difference is that the South is changing, while the north is trapped with attitudes that belong to prehistory.
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Reviewed in the United States on February 14, 2010
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2009's "The Cleanest Race: How North Koreans See Themselves and Why It Matters" is author B.R. Meyers' thought-provoking survey of North Korean propaganda. In a highly readable and lavishly illustrated book, Meyers provides some useful insights into the lies North Koreans tell themselves, and the potential implications of those lies for US policy-makers.
At the core of the book is Meyers' thoughtful examination of decades of North Korean propaganda, from its founding by Kim Il Sung in 1945 right up to 2009 reports of Kim Jong Il's ill-health, concerns about a possible succession crisis, and relations with the US. Meyers' thesis is that the ideological basis of the North Korean state is paranoid rascist nationalism. He argues that outsider observers who see North Korea as the last Stalinist state or as an amalgam of Confuscism and Socialism may misunderstand Pyongyang's motives and actions. His conclusions bode poorly for current denuclearization talks with Pyongyang.
Propaganda is notoriously difficult to disect from the outside, especially when a pragmatic state plays one theme to its citizens and another to its enemies. Experienced observers of North Korea may therefore find much of interest in the book without necessarily agreeing with the author's every conclusion. "The Cleanest Race" is highly recommended to students of the Pyongyang regime as an insightful look at a closed society.
At the core of the book is Meyers' thoughtful examination of decades of North Korean propaganda, from its founding by Kim Il Sung in 1945 right up to 2009 reports of Kim Jong Il's ill-health, concerns about a possible succession crisis, and relations with the US. Meyers' thesis is that the ideological basis of the North Korean state is paranoid rascist nationalism. He argues that outsider observers who see North Korea as the last Stalinist state or as an amalgam of Confuscism and Socialism may misunderstand Pyongyang's motives and actions. His conclusions bode poorly for current denuclearization talks with Pyongyang.
Propaganda is notoriously difficult to disect from the outside, especially when a pragmatic state plays one theme to its citizens and another to its enemies. Experienced observers of North Korea may therefore find much of interest in the book without necessarily agreeing with the author's every conclusion. "The Cleanest Race" is highly recommended to students of the Pyongyang regime as an insightful look at a closed society.
11 people found this helpful
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Ross
5.0 out of 5 stars
A bastion of the pure.
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on January 11, 2012Verified Purchase
This is a magnificent book that brings a genuinely fresh perspective to a secretive country.
The great philosopher Eric Hoffer once said that "Mass movements can rise and spread without a belief in God, but never without belief in a Devil"-and in North Korea the Devil is the non-Korean world. The regime derives it's legitimacy not from material success (it acknowledges that the South is wealthier) but from having a strong protector and nurturer to keep impure foreign un-Korean influences at bay.
Myers' argument is that far from being a Stalinist redoubt with a fierce adherence to Marxist-Leninism or a society influenced by traditional Confucian beliefs- the North Korean ideology is about the purity of their race and it is derived to a large extent from the Japanese emperor cult that ended in 1945.
Using sources like North Korean novels and museum exhibits he demonstrates how the regime's propaganda exults Koreans as inherently superior to the other races of the world- not because they are stronger or more intelligent but because they are "purer" and have a childlike innocence that others do not.
Myers dismisses the notion that the leadership don't believe in their own propaganda. The contempt for foreigners and belief in their own inherent superiority does explain much about the behaviour of the regime- the rude demands for aid, overt contempt for even supposed friendly countries, aborting the babies of North Korean women who've been to China and the willingness to cheat in any deal with international negotiators.
The implications of such an ideology are interesting- firstly negotiating to reduce tensions with North Korea is futile because without an external threat there is no justification for the regime's continued existance.They do not make provocotive moves to get aid but to bolster the regime when its neighbours inevitably respond with the cycle of outrage, condemnation, more talks and finally more aid. The best response would be not to simply ignore their actions.
Secondly evidence of a strong and successful South Korea that preserves it's national identity is a real threat to Pyongyang.
I am not sure I believe all Myers' arguments- the Communist influence may be less than is widely believed but it is there (farm collectivisations are a very Soviet idea not one derived from Imperial Japan). However assuming that that the evidence he presents is not cherry picked then the case that North Korea has made extreme paranoid racism it's national ideology is compelling.
The great philosopher Eric Hoffer once said that "Mass movements can rise and spread without a belief in God, but never without belief in a Devil"-and in North Korea the Devil is the non-Korean world. The regime derives it's legitimacy not from material success (it acknowledges that the South is wealthier) but from having a strong protector and nurturer to keep impure foreign un-Korean influences at bay.
Myers' argument is that far from being a Stalinist redoubt with a fierce adherence to Marxist-Leninism or a society influenced by traditional Confucian beliefs- the North Korean ideology is about the purity of their race and it is derived to a large extent from the Japanese emperor cult that ended in 1945.
Using sources like North Korean novels and museum exhibits he demonstrates how the regime's propaganda exults Koreans as inherently superior to the other races of the world- not because they are stronger or more intelligent but because they are "purer" and have a childlike innocence that others do not.
Myers dismisses the notion that the leadership don't believe in their own propaganda. The contempt for foreigners and belief in their own inherent superiority does explain much about the behaviour of the regime- the rude demands for aid, overt contempt for even supposed friendly countries, aborting the babies of North Korean women who've been to China and the willingness to cheat in any deal with international negotiators.
The implications of such an ideology are interesting- firstly negotiating to reduce tensions with North Korea is futile because without an external threat there is no justification for the regime's continued existance.They do not make provocotive moves to get aid but to bolster the regime when its neighbours inevitably respond with the cycle of outrage, condemnation, more talks and finally more aid. The best response would be not to simply ignore their actions.
Secondly evidence of a strong and successful South Korea that preserves it's national identity is a real threat to Pyongyang.
I am not sure I believe all Myers' arguments- the Communist influence may be less than is widely believed but it is there (farm collectivisations are a very Soviet idea not one derived from Imperial Japan). However assuming that that the evidence he presents is not cherry picked then the case that North Korea has made extreme paranoid racism it's national ideology is compelling.
DCinLondon
4.0 out of 5 stars
Scholarly
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on March 9, 2014Verified Purchase
I really enjoyed Professor Myers' book. We in the West like to think of North Korea as a Stalinist state, but it's not, really - Myers portrays it (very convincingly) as a weird kind of National Socialist matriarchy, with Kim Il Sung as God the Mother. Through a very thorough examination of North Koreans' paranoid racism and xenophobia, Myers casts fresh light on the utterly schizophrenic North Korean soul. My only criticism would be that it could be longer and even more detailed - but then again, it'd probably just be even more depressing if it was. Definitely worth it for any casual Nork-watcher.
Miss BR Davies
5.0 out of 5 stars
The best books I've read on The DPRK
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on November 19, 2012Verified Purchase
The best books I've read on The DPRK. It is insightful, well thought through, informative minus the hype most other writers add to this field of study.
Cliente Amazon
3.0 out of 5 stars
interessante
Reviewed in Italy on September 25, 2017Verified Purchase
il libro è volto a dimostrare la tesi dell'autore secondo cui la "worldview" coreana non è nè confuciana nè di tipo marxista-leninista, ma, piuttosto, strettamente basata sul culto della personalità e sull'idea di razza pura. Esso si divide in due parti. La prima scorre la storia della Corea del Nord, evidenziando gli eventi salienti a partire dall'occupazione giapponese sino al secondo dopoguerra e sottolineando gli effetti che tali eventi hanno avuto sulla "worldview" coreana. La seconda analizza gli elementi principali della propaganda di potere.
Derek S.
5.0 out of 5 stars
A window into the culture and propaganda of possibly the strangest nation.
Reviewed in Canada on May 3, 2015Verified Purchase
A concise summation of Korea's history, the relationship between North and South, and that with China, Japan and of course, the USA. It takes us up to the introduction of Kim Yong Un, but this is when the book was published so not much of anything was known of him at the time. The author, respectfully, doesn't try to fill in the gaps but leaves it as is.
Ultimately it’s shows us just how wrong our view of North Korea is, and has been from the start. A nation so isolated yet so dependent on the world beyond their own walls, their constant “battle” with the evil United States, and a regime desperately holding on to power. Whether "Dear Leader" was a genius or just as delusional as the rest is up for debate.
You almost feel sorry for them, the way you’d feel sorry for a misguided child. A feeling which plays right into the propaganda. Definitely worth a read.
Ultimately it’s shows us just how wrong our view of North Korea is, and has been from the start. A nation so isolated yet so dependent on the world beyond their own walls, their constant “battle” with the evil United States, and a regime desperately holding on to power. Whether "Dear Leader" was a genius or just as delusional as the rest is up for debate.
You almost feel sorry for them, the way you’d feel sorry for a misguided child. A feeling which plays right into the propaganda. Definitely worth a read.
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