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Containing Coexistence: America, Russia, and the "Finnish Solution," 1945-1956 (American Diplomatic History) Hardcover – January 1, 1997

5.0 5.0 out of 5 stars 1 rating

Containing Coexistence: America, Russia, and the “Finnish Solution,” 1945–1956, is the first full-scale study of Finland’s role in Soviet-American relations during the onset of the cold war. Cold war Finland was an enigma. Defeated by the Soviet Union in World War II, the country appeared ripe for joining the “people’s democracies” in 1945, when the Finnish communists made substantial gains in elections. But it soon became clear that Finland’s fate was to be different; by the early 1950s, the Finn claimed to be neutral, and by 1956 the Soviets endorsed this claim. Finland’s ability to keep its democratic institutions and Western-oriented trade patterns largely intact was initially accepted in Washington. When the Soviets began propagandizing Finland as an example of “peaceful coexistence” in the aftermath of Stalin’s death, however, Finland’s symbolic significance as a Western outpost gradually gave way to the perception of Finland as a willing partner in a Soviet effort to spread neutralism to western Europe; later such concerns would be captured under the rubric of Finlandization. Despite such growing concerns, the U. S. generally practiced a cautious policy that allowed the Fins to coexist with the Soviets, as long as such coexistence could be “contained” within strict limits. By comparing the “Finnish Solution” with the general role and development of neutrality, Jussi Hanhimaki adds an important dimension to international studies. Containing Coexistence is an important contribution of political science scholarship to Cold War Studies reading lists.―Midwest Book Review

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Containing Coexistence: America, Russia, and the "Finnish Solutions" 1945-1956 is the first full-scale study of Finland's role in Soviet-American relations during the onset of the cold war. Cold war Finland was an enigma. Defeated by the Soviet Union in World War II, the country appeared ripe for joining the "people's democracies" in 1945, when the Finnish communists made substantial gains in elections. But it soon became clear that Finland's fate was to be different; by the early 1950s, the Finn claimed to be neutral, and by 1956 the Soviets endorsed this claim. Finland's ability to keep its democratic institutions and Western-oriented trade patterns largely intact was initially accepted in Washington. When the Soviets began propagandizing Finland as an example of "peaceful coexistence" in the aftermath of Stalin's death, however, Finland's symbolic significance as a Western outpost gradually gave way to the perception of Finland as a willing partner in a Soviet effort to spread neutralism to western Europe; later such concerns would be captured under the rubric of Finlandization. Despite such growing concerns, the U. S. generally practiced a cautious policy that allowed the Fins to coexist with the Soviets, as long as such coexistence could be "contained" within strict limits. By comparing the "Finnish Solution" with the general role and development of neutrality, Jussi Hanhimaki adds an important dimension to international studies. Containing Coexistence is an important contribution of political science scholarship to Cold War Studies reading lists. -- Midwest Book Review

Product details

  • Publisher ‏ : ‎ The Kent State University Press (January 1, 1997)
  • Language ‏ : ‎ English
  • Hardcover ‏ : ‎ 300 pages
  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 0873385586
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0873385589
  • Lexile measure ‏ : ‎ 1570L
  • Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 1.4 pounds
  • Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 6.35 x 0.91 x 9.28 inches
  • Customer Reviews:
    5.0 5.0 out of 5 stars 1 rating

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Jussi M. Hanhimäki
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Jussi M. Hanhimäki is Finland's internationally best known historian. He is currently Professor of International History and Politics at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies in Geneva, Switzerland, and previously taught at the London School of Economics (1995-2000). In 2006 he was named Finland Distinguished Professor by the Academy of Finland. Hanhimäki is the recipient of the Bernath Prize from the Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations (SHAFR) and has authored or co-authored thirteen books and countless articles and chapters. In addition to English, his work has appeared in Arabic, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Swedish and Turkish. His latest book is Pax Transatlantica: America and Europe in the Post-Cold War Era (2021).

Harvard University Professor Akira Iriye, a doyen of international historians, has described Jussi Hanhimäki as "a superb embodiment of the internationalized scholarship that is a precondition of any study of international relations." Iriye came to this conclusion upon reflecting on Hanhimäki's truly international career path. He left his native Finland in 1987, studied in the United States (Boston University), and spent his early postdoctoral years in Canada (Montreal) and the United States (Harvard University, Ohio University). Hanhimäki then moved to London in 1995 (London School of Economics), before taking up his current post in Geneva in 2000. Among the institutes where he has held fellowships are: the Charles Warren Center for Studies in American History at Harvard University; the Contemporary History Institute at Ohio University; the Norwegian Nobel Institute, the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars and the United States Institute of Peace.

A specialist of the international history of the Cold War, transatlantic relations, and the role of international institutions, Jussi Hanhimäki's recent publications include: New Perspectives on the End of the Cold War (2018); Neutrality and Neutralism in the Global Cold War (2016); An International History of Terrorism: Western and Non-Western Experiences (2013), The Rise and Fall of Détente: American Foreign Policy and the Transformation of the Cold War (2013). He has previously authored or co-authored: Transatlantic Relations Since 1945: An Introduction (2012); The United Nations: A Very Short Introduction (2008); The Flawed Architect: Henry Kissinger and American Foreign Policy (2004); (with Odd Arne Westad), The Cold War: A History in Documents and Eyewitness Accounts (2003); and (with A. Best, J. Maiolo and K. Schultze) International History of the Twentieth Century and Beyond (2003, 2008, 2015), and other works.

Hanhimäki is currently working on two books: The Outsiders and the American Century (a joint biography of Henry Kissinger and Zbigniew Brzezinski) and Cauldron: Transnational History of Europe's Cold War.

Customer reviews

5 out of 5 stars
1 global rating
A great introduction to a fascinating question
5 out of 5 stars
A great introduction to a fascinating question
Containing Coexistence studies what has to be one of the most interesting and least addressed questions related to the early years of the Cold War: how Finland managed to remain neutral and unoccupied. Jussi Hanhimaki has written a detailed, cogent account of the interactions of Finland, the United States and the Soviet Union, with particular emphasis to the changing American assessment of Finland's position in the Cold War.Probably the part of the book most relevant to students of the Cold War is the first section, which explains how Finland became the sole success story of Yalta. Soviet foreign policy toward Finland is assessed as having been primarily driven by security concerns.I personally wonder if Hanhimaki gives Finland's leadership too much credit for avoiding absorption into the Soviet bloc. It would seem that the weakness of Finland's communists, the Soviet choice not to advance into Finland in 1944, and the consolidation of Cold War tensions in Central Europe probably did more to shape Moscow's policy than did President Paasikivi's prudent policy. Clearly Helsinki played its cards very carefully and with real success, but I wonder to what extent the outcome was already determined by external events.In any case, this is an excellent book by a capable and eloquent scholar. It might have benefited from more evidence on the Soviet side, but this is understandly harder to secure.
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Top reviews from the United States

Reviewed in the United States on June 29, 2005
Containing Coexistence studies what has to be one of the most interesting and least addressed questions related to the early years of the Cold War: how Finland managed to remain neutral and unoccupied. Jussi Hanhimaki has written a detailed, cogent account of the interactions of Finland, the United States and the Soviet Union, with particular emphasis to the changing American assessment of Finland's position in the Cold War.

Probably the part of the book most relevant to students of the Cold War is the first section, which explains how Finland became the sole success story of Yalta. Soviet foreign policy toward Finland is assessed as having been primarily driven by security concerns.

I personally wonder if Hanhimaki gives Finland's leadership too much credit for avoiding absorption into the Soviet bloc. It would seem that the weakness of Finland's communists, the Soviet choice not to advance into Finland in 1944, and the consolidation of Cold War tensions in Central Europe probably did more to shape Moscow's policy than did President Paasikivi's prudent policy. Clearly Helsinki played its cards very carefully and with real success, but I wonder to what extent the outcome was already determined by external events.

In any case, this is an excellent book by a capable and eloquent scholar. It might have benefited from more evidence on the Soviet side, but this is understandly harder to secure.
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5.0 out of 5 stars A great introduction to a fascinating question
Reviewed in the United States on June 29, 2005
Containing Coexistence studies what has to be one of the most interesting and least addressed questions related to the early years of the Cold War: how Finland managed to remain neutral and unoccupied. Jussi Hanhimaki has written a detailed, cogent account of the interactions of Finland, the United States and the Soviet Union, with particular emphasis to the changing American assessment of Finland's position in the Cold War.

Probably the part of the book most relevant to students of the Cold War is the first section, which explains how Finland became the sole success story of Yalta. Soviet foreign policy toward Finland is assessed as having been primarily driven by security concerns.

I personally wonder if Hanhimaki gives Finland's leadership too much credit for avoiding absorption into the Soviet bloc. It would seem that the weakness of Finland's communists, the Soviet choice not to advance into Finland in 1944, and the consolidation of Cold War tensions in Central Europe probably did more to shape Moscow's policy than did President Paasikivi's prudent policy. Clearly Helsinki played its cards very carefully and with real success, but I wonder to what extent the outcome was already determined by external events.

In any case, this is an excellent book by a capable and eloquent scholar. It might have benefited from more evidence on the Soviet side, but this is understandly harder to secure.
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