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A Convergent Model of Renewal: Remixing the Quaker Tradition in a Participatory Culture Paperback – February 20, 2015
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- Print length240 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherPickwick Publications
- Publication dateFebruary 20, 2015
- Dimensions6 x 0.55 x 9 inches
- ISBN-101498201199
- ISBN-13978-1498201193
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Editorial Reviews
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--Ryan K. Bolger, Associate Professor of Church in Contemporary Culture, School of Intercultural Studies, Fuller Theological Seminary, Pasadena, CA
''One of Quakers' great contributions to the Christian faith is their historical willingness to challenge tradition when justice is in question. By explaining Quaker reliance on the Holy Spirit and group discernment processes, Daniels details a way forward for any church when culture wars disrupt our unity and tarnish our hopes.''
--MaryKate Morse, author of Making Room for Leadership
''In this fine book, C. Wess Daniels locates hope for the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) in an open and convergent future, in which the best of its evangelical, liberal, and conservative traditions are blended with new energy and revelation. Daniels offers an impressive number of theories and case studies from 350 years of history that will provide much inspiration for those who are wanting to strengthen their Friends' meetings or churches, or to start new ones. Highly recommended reading for anyone seeking to revitalize their local church!''
--Stephen W. Angell, Leatherock Professor of Quaker Studies, Earlham School of Religion, Richmond, IN
''Both the intellectual insights and Wess Daniels' own 'rare gift of empathy' make A Convergent Model of Renewal an important work by a young academic. The reading of early Friends as examples of remix and participatory community, along with the parallels of Freedom Friends Church as real-life examples of the theory, is deeply resonant with my experience and profoundly inspiring to me as a fellow participant-fan-apprentice within the Quaker tradition. The invitation is here to continue to remix his work, resist the passive culture of consumerism in church and academia, and move toward an inclusive, authentic, and thriving Quakerism in the twenty-first century.''
--Robin Mohr, Executive Secretary, Friends World Committee for Consultation Section of the Americas, Philadelphia, PA
''Read it, share it, wrestle with it, remix it--plant our future in the compost of faithfulness and failures past. Become an apprentice to this living tradition. Because the world needs the renewed witness of a people called 'Friends'--of a people who have truly come alive.''
--Noah Baker Merrill, Secretary, New England Yearly Meeting of Friends (Quakers), Worcester, MA --Wipf and Stock Publishers
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Product details
- Publisher : Pickwick Publications (February 20, 2015)
- Language : English
- Paperback : 240 pages
- ISBN-10 : 1498201199
- ISBN-13 : 978-1498201193
- Item Weight : 11.2 ounces
- Dimensions : 6 x 0.55 x 9 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #2,575,692 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #3,877 in Christian Missions & Missionary Work (Books)
- #38,831 in Christian Spiritual Growth (Books)
- #41,296 in Christian Theology (Books)
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About the author

C. Wess Daniels is the William R. Rogers Director of Friends Center & Quaker Studies at Guilford College. He lives in Greensboro, North Carolina with his wife, Emily and their three children and three chickens. Wess is interested in strategizing better human interactions, spiritual development, and revitalization of tradition and community. Prior to teaching at Guilford, Wess was a “released minister” at Camas Friends Church in Washington. Identifying as a “convergent Friend,” Wess is a bridge-builder and boundary-crosser when it comes to our various Quaker branches and is passionate about renewing the Quaker tradition.
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Overall, I have really enjoyed the book, and hope to see more churches/meetings cultivating these participatory communities.
"A leather bag is nothing, nor is a bucket, nor a brain. They only become useful when something is put into them."
For those of you who don't know Wess, for the past more than five years he's been the released minister at Camas Friends Church (in Washington state), has been an adjunct professor, and has a PhD from Fuller Seminary. He also makes a mean sauerkraut and is a connoisseur of coffee. Wess has just been named the William R. Rogers Director of Friends Center and Quaker Studies at Guilford College, succeeding Max Carter, who will retire this summer after 25 years there.
In my opinion Guilford could not have made a better choice.
Wess has been one of the foremost articulators of the "convergent Friends" movement and practices what he preaches about Quaker renewal. I've been fortunate enough to have had a number of conversations about the latter topic with him over the past few years. Which is why I looked forward to his book.
Shortly after I received it, I was bound for a series of airplane trips. I usually don't read on planes -- mostly (since I hate flying) I listen to tunes and try to forget that I'm on a plane. This time I made an exception. I took the book and a yellow marker. We had not taken off on the first leg of the trip before I had begun highlighting sections. That's because there's much good stuff herein -- including sections like:
"Each...formulated branch touts its own rival theories about the origin and core message of the Quaker tradition. Each polarization represents only a piece of the larger tradition."
I could fill this blog with other such gems. Wess has a clear eye and views us Quakers honestly and provides a good analysis of the issues facing all of our various permutations -- Evangelical, liberal, middle of the road, and so on. But since this is blog -- and not an academic review -- I need to be brief.
Here's why I think Wess' book bears reading. It's an articulate, accessible analysis of the current state of North American (primarily) Quakerism. He also provides a cogent portrayal of the participatory and remixing nature of early Quakerism and why it had an such an impact on culture, faith, and life. He offers a model "for participatory renewal" that has much to commend it. And I do mean much. These pieces (plus Ben Pink Dandelion's foreword) make the book worth reading.
But, in the interest of integrity (since I am a friend of Wess' and don't want readers to think I didn't read the book critically because of our friendship), I also have to name my quibbles. One is that there's one contemporary case study -- that of Freedom Friends Church. Now I find Freedom Friends an amazing place that is doing good work, but I would have rather seen a summary of findings from a number of contemporary meetings/churches Wess feels are implementing the remixing/participatory model he outlines. One example hardly feels convincing.
Another quibble is the emphasis Wess places on convergent Friends faith and practice as a base for his model. I love his model -- less the descriptor "convergent." Regarding convergent Friends as a model, well, I am not convinced -- never have been. That's probably due in no small part to my skeptical nature. But I think it also has something to do with having been a long-time congregational consultant and seeing how churches and meetings look for the one program/theology/resource/practice that will bring about renewal and then import it wholesale, only to find it doesn't fit them.
The convergent Friends movement has much to commend it. But it is not, as a package one can import, for all Friends. Instead, I think each Friends meeting/church needs to wrestle with the points that Wess raises in this book -- have we abandoned Quaker tradition as irrelevant in our proclamation of Jesus or have we abandoned Jesus in order to practice our post-modern discover your personal truth with us? And everything in between. Wess' book lays out some of the questions we all -- Evangelical, ultra-liberal, mushy-moderates, conservatives -- need to consider and struggle with. He shows the potential power of remixing vital tradition and spiritual experiences and language and culture into a vital Quaker way for today. But I don't think it's dependent on the convergent model.
When I mentioned my concern to Wess, he replied, "I only write about the Convergent Friends group a little and make more of it as a gesture towards holding onto both tradition and innovation. The hope of the model is that Friends, within whatever context they are in, will find ways to hold that tension, not so much become a part of the group of 'convergent Friends' who get together have pizza, chocolate chip cookies, and worship together. I guess what I am taking from them is that commitment towards both tradition and innovation more than extrapolating insights from what those groups do."
That said, I fully embrace his model and feel it can truly help Friends move forward in culturally and spiritually relevant ways.
In the book, Wess says:
As a highly participatory faith tradition, Quakerism is uniquely positioned ... in today's culture, reformulating the movement in ways that might bring about renewal.
I would drop the "might." I say that because that's what non-Quakers like Phyllis Tickle and Diana Butler Bass involved in the renewal and emergent movements among Christianity have been saying about the opportunity for Friends today. Wess has hit the Quaker nail on the head here. His call to remix and become fully participatory is spot on.
Get the book. Read it. Share it. Ponder it with Friends.
Using philosopher Alasdair MacIntyre as a conversation partner and guide, Daniels stresses the necessity of tradition, over against the Enlightenment’s rejection of tradition: we are all based in a tradition whether we want to admit it or not, even if our tradition is the rejection of tradition. The question is whether our tradition is robust enough to continue across a number of eras and contexts, or whether it will peter out and die with the culture and language that gave it birth. If a tradition is to continue, it requires “apprentices,” or those willing to learn the original language and context of the tradition and translate it into the present context. It requires the flexibility and creativity of those apprentices and their communities as they “remix” their received tradition within their cultural context and the resources available in other similar traditions, all the while telling the stories of continuity with former iterations of the tradition. Daniels points to Quaker philosopher Rufus Jones as an example of one from our own tradition who remixed his received streams of tradition while reintegrating threads of early Quakerism. He also utilizes the work of Quaker missionary Everett Cattell in a similar fashion.
After showing the problematic elements of Enlightenment thought for faith communities and implicating both Liberal and Christian Friends as heirs of foundationalism, Daniels provides a way forward through the contextual theology articulated by Stephen Bevans. Daniels connects the idea of contextual theology superbly with Quaker tradition, with its focus on personal experience of God as the basis for meaning within the Quaker system of values. He presents the origins of Quakerism in itself as a form of contextual theology, responding to the needs of its day with a radical refocus on tradition (“primitive Christianity revived,” as William Penn put it). Following and adding to Bevans’ understanding of a “synthetic model” of contextual theology, Daniels suggests a similar movement within our present Quaker context: drawing together the useful and necessary contents of our tradition, placing them alongside elements borrowed from other traditions, engaging in dialogue with the present culture, and enacting faith in a way that synthesizes these strands into something that can speak uniquely to our own time and place.
Finally, Daniels brings his convergent model of renewal into the 21st century with a look at fandom, participatory culture, and convergent culture: the practice of remixing and finding a depth of meaning—or even co-opted, new meanings—in cultural artifacts past and present, from Harry Potter to Jay-Z to the Occupy movement. These remixes are by definition based on a previous model or narrative, but they move the genre forward into new and innovative territory. In so doing, they bring along the older forms of the tradition and keep them relevant and active by introducing them to a new audience in a form that is understandable, meaningful, and appealing. Important in this process is the fact that these remixes are participatory and represent a convergence of knowledge and innovation that is not dependent on or beholden to a hierarchy of power, but instead represents the collective intelligence of the members of that group.
The three concluding chapters of Daniels’ book explain his convergent model of renewal, show how it matches the practice of early Friends, and present a case study of a current Friends meeting attempting to live out this convergent model of renewal: Freedom Friends Church, an unaffiliated meeting in Salem, Oregon.
I recommend this book for Friends/Quakers, and also for people from other denominations who are looking for a framework for figuring out what it looks like to remain firmly grounded in a religious tradition while also attending to one’s present culture, context, and place.
