Interesting book about how academia works and what drives decision-making there (short answer: established incentive structure for faculty/administrators/students and rational self interest of senior faculty/administrators not to change these incentives).
The book is easy to read but highly repetitive and has too much filler (from Chapter 3 onwards). The same ideas and even examples are brought up again and again as if for the first time, sometimes almost verbatim. I do not remember another book where I felt compelled to turn pages that fast because it was mostly a reiteration of what was said before. Some phrases are overused too: “glut of (PhD’s / job seekers)” is used 13 times throughout the book. “Voodoo math/calculus” 4 times in 6 consecutive pages.
Multiple repetitions soon dull the attention, maybe that’s the reason why the editors soothed through the place where water is said to boil at 100 degrees _Fahrenheit_.
One random comment on where I remember I disagreed with the authors. To buttress the proposition that students are generally not good at applying what they learned in classroom to real-life situations, the authors write: “... if the majority of students needing psychological counseling have poor dietary habits, does it follow that these same students should eat better? This is a softball question. The correct answer is no, not necessarily. It could be that a poor diet causes psychological problems. But, alternatively, it could be that suffering from a psychological problem causes people to eat badly. It could be that psychological issues and poor eating habits have a common cause.” Then, mocking the typical student’s response, they write: “totally ignoring the need for comparison groups and control of third variables, subjects responded to the “diet” example with statements such as “It can’t hurt to eat well.”
Well, unlike the authors, I think that it’s a very reasonable answer to this question. Given that their dietary habits are _poor_, they _should_ eat better / it won’t hurt to eat better, whether it will help with psychological issues or not. If, instead of “should eat better” the question ended with “will get better psychologically if they improve their diet”, then it becomes a question on logic and not on morality, and I think that students' responses would have been very different indeed.
Probably the most interesting fact that I learned from this book is that ratings of instructors’ optimism by students show an impressive .84 correlation with end-of-term course evaluations by other students. In other words, lecturer’s optimism alone may explain up to 84% of the score the students gave him at the end of the course! (yes, yes, correlation is not causation, and there are other correlations mentioned too, thus "may explain" and not "explains").
Overall I liked the book, but the authors could have and should have made it shorter and tighter, saving thousands of hours for their readers without leaving out anything important. Would have given the book five stars had the authors resisted the temptation to go beyond the short book format. I found it somewhat ironic that while advocating for parsimony in higher education, the authors did not extend that same value to writing this book.
Cracks in the Ivory Tower: The Moral Mess of Higher Education 1st Edition, Kindle Edition
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Jason Brennan
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Phillip Magness
(Author)
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978-0197608272
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0197608272
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Editorial Reviews
About the Author
Jason Brennan is the Flanagan Family Professor at Georgetown University. He is the author of ten books, including When All Else Fails and In Defense of Openness.
Phillip W. Magness is a Senior Research Fellow at the American Institute for Economic Research in Great Barrington, Massachusetts. He is the author of two books and over a dozen scholarly articles on a diverse array of topics, including the economics of slavery, the history of international trade,
federal tax policy, economic inequality, and the economic dimensions of higher education.
Product details
- ASIN : B07NYT5P7C
- Publisher : Oxford University Press; 1st edition (April 1, 2019)
- Publication date : April 1, 2019
- Language : English
- File size : 3298 KB
- Text-to-Speech : Enabled
- Enhanced typesetting : Enabled
- X-Ray : Not Enabled
- Word Wise : Enabled
- Print length : 330 pages
- Lending : Enabled
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Best Sellers Rank:
#542,056 in Kindle Store (See Top 100 in Kindle Store)
- #148 in Non-US Legal Systems (Kindle Store)
- #327 in Education Philosophy & Social Aspects
- #386 in Business Education
- Customer Reviews:
Customer reviews
4.4 out of 5 stars
4.4 out of 5
41 global ratings
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Top reviews from the United States
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Reviewed in the United States on May 27, 2019
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29 people found this helpful
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Reviewed in the United States on May 12, 2019
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This book combines rigorous data analysis with clear, vivid prose that make it a delight to read. Sure to provoke many readers, it is brimming with original takes on the contentious higher education scene, along with some original and highly counter-intuitive findings about what is really taking places in higher education today.
Maybe the most fun chapter is the authors' argument that collgees and universities would be busted by the government for false advertising if it were any other business.
Maybe the most fun chapter is the authors' argument that collgees and universities would be busted by the government for false advertising if it were any other business.
13 people found this helpful
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Reviewed in the United States on May 28, 2019
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The book is helpful at applying a different theoretical lens, public choice, to the challenges of higher education. That is, do features of the university begin to "make sense" if we theoretically assume that the actors within the system are on the whole more self-interested than not, and look to improve their own situation?
It turns out that much does. Students have incentives to pursue degrees rather than education, professors have incentives to pursue those activities (research) that reward them professionally and financially, and administrators also look to increase their resources and authority. Thus, we have a system in which grades are not an accurate representation of student learning (assuming students learn), administrative costs grow steadily, and there are too many PhDs minted for too few academic jobs.
Compared with other books on higher education this book leads with its structural interpretation and then examines whether it is consistent with presently observed data. In this way the authors aren't conducting their own empirical work but rather suggesting "previous theories haven't explained the observed phenomena, does ours do better?" Even if critics suspect Magness and Brennan are wrong, they will need to design the survey instruments and gather the data that would prove them wrong.
That said, there is one main gap still left with the reader.
Much is made of the incentives for research, but there is not much discussion about the value or use of this research. Presumably misplaced incentives that have plagued other areas of the academia are also at play in this domain. (How, for example, might the authors tackle the challenge of replicability, assess the pros and cons of peer review, or the academic publishing industry?)
It turns out that much does. Students have incentives to pursue degrees rather than education, professors have incentives to pursue those activities (research) that reward them professionally and financially, and administrators also look to increase their resources and authority. Thus, we have a system in which grades are not an accurate representation of student learning (assuming students learn), administrative costs grow steadily, and there are too many PhDs minted for too few academic jobs.
Compared with other books on higher education this book leads with its structural interpretation and then examines whether it is consistent with presently observed data. In this way the authors aren't conducting their own empirical work but rather suggesting "previous theories haven't explained the observed phenomena, does ours do better?" Even if critics suspect Magness and Brennan are wrong, they will need to design the survey instruments and gather the data that would prove them wrong.
That said, there is one main gap still left with the reader.
Much is made of the incentives for research, but there is not much discussion about the value or use of this research. Presumably misplaced incentives that have plagued other areas of the academia are also at play in this domain. (How, for example, might the authors tackle the challenge of replicability, assess the pros and cons of peer review, or the academic publishing industry?)
9 people found this helpful
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Top reviews from other countries
ArtichokesForAll
2.0 out of 5 stars
Disappointing
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on November 7, 2019
I was hoping that this book would be an interesting and insightful discussion of the problems with the higher education system, but unfortunately have found it not quite what I expected.
I had been prepared for the fact that the book is written from an entirely American perspective, which is fine, as it is an area in which the problems from that part of the world are definitely similar to those in the UK. However, rather than a learned discourse, what we really have is two academics bemoaning the younger generations and harking back to the good old days, without seemingly recognising the world, and with it students, has moved on. Disappointing.
I had been prepared for the fact that the book is written from an entirely American perspective, which is fine, as it is an area in which the problems from that part of the world are definitely similar to those in the UK. However, rather than a learned discourse, what we really have is two academics bemoaning the younger generations and harking back to the good old days, without seemingly recognising the world, and with it students, has moved on. Disappointing.
JMB1779
4.0 out of 5 stars
Too much administration, too little learning
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on November 21, 2019
A well reasoned, and rather serious in tone, analysis of the current American system where differing incentives have led to less learning and too much administration. The authors come up with suggestions for how to resolve it, but whether we will see a clean up any time soon is questionable.
I would say the tone and detail makes it a book for people with real interest in the subject and not for laypeople.
I would say the tone and detail makes it a book for people with real interest in the subject and not for laypeople.
Mother of Dragonflies
4.0 out of 5 stars
Somewhat grumpy
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on October 26, 2019
Two US male university lecturers having a good old moan about the state of things, especially woke policies. Will suit male university lecturers who want to seek vomfort in moaning about the state of things. Reads well, but, guys, get a life.
Flickering Ember
5.0 out of 5 stars
Excellent.
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on May 9, 2021
Really well written and researched. A really interesting and informative read.
Colin F.
1.0 out of 5 stars
Doom and gloom
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on November 15, 2019
Misery personified. What an absolutely boring book, all doom and gloom.
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