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In Defense of Internment: The Case for Racial Profiling in World War II and the War on Terror Hardcover – July 1, 2004
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- They were not created primarily because of racism or wartime hysteria
- They did not target only those of Japanese descent
- They were not Nazi-style death camps
In her latest investigative tour-de-force, New York Times best-selling author Michelle Malkin sets the historical record straight-and debunks radical ethnic alarmists who distort history to undermine common-sense, national security profiling. The need for this myth-shattering book is vital. President Bush's opponents have attacked every homeland defense policy as tantamount to the "racist" and "unjustified" World War II internment. Bush's own transportation secretary, Norm Mineta, continues to milk his childhood experience at a relocation camp as an excuse to ban profiling at airports. Misguided guilt about the past continues to hamper our ability to prevent future terrorist attacks.
In Defense of Internment shows that the detention of enemy aliens, and the mass evacuation and relocation of ethnic Japanese from the West Coast were not the result of irrational hatred or conspiratorial bigotry. This document-packed book highlights the vast amount of intelligence, including top-secret "MAGIC" messages, which revealed the Japanese espionage threat on the West Coast.
Malkin also tells the truth about:- who resided in enemy alien internment camps (nearly half were of European ancestry)
- what the West Coast relocation centers were really like (tens of thousands of ethnic Japanese were allowed to leave; hundreds voluntarily chose to move in)
- why the $1.65 billion federal reparations law for Japanese internees and evacuees was a bipartisan disaster
- how both Japanese American and Arab/Muslim American leaders have united to undermine America's safety
With trademark fearlessness, Malkin adds desperately needed perspective to the ongoing debate about the balance between civil liberties and national security. In Defense of Internment will outrage, enlighten, and radically change the way you view the past-and the present.
- who resided in enemy alien internment camps (nearly half were of European ancestry)
- Print length376 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherRegnery Publishing
- Publication dateJuly 1, 2004
- Dimensions6.25 x 1.5 x 9 inches
- ISBN-100895260514
- ISBN-13978-0895260512
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From the Publisher
- They did not target only those of Japanese descent
- They were not Nazi-style death camps In her latest investigative tour-de-force, New York Times best-selling author Michelle Malkin sets the historical record straight-and debunks radical ethnic alarmists who distort history to undermine common-sense, national security profiling. The need for this myth-shattering book is vital. President Bush's opponents have attacked every homeland defense policy as tantamount to the "racist" and "unjustified" World War II internment. Bush's own transportation secretary, Norm Mineta, continues to milk his childhood experience at a relocation camp as an excuse to ban profiling at airports. Misguided guilt about the past continues to hamper our ability to prevent future terrorist attacks. In Defense of Internment shows that the detention of enemy aliens, and the mass evacuation and relocation of ethnic Japanese from the West Coast were not the result of irrational hatred or conspiratorial bigotry. This document-packed book highlights the vast amount of intelligence, including top-secret "MAGIC" messages, which revealed the Japanese espionage threat on the West Coast. Malkin also tells the truth about:
- who resided in enemy alien internment camps (nearly half were of European ancestry)
- what the West Coast relocation centers were really like (tens of thousands of ethnic Japanese were allowed to leave; hundreds voluntarily chose to move in)
- why the $1.65 billion federal reparations law for Japanese internees and evacuees
was a bipartisan disaster
- and how both Japanese American and Arab/Muslim American leaders have united
to undermine America's safety. With trademark fearlessness, Malkin adds desperately needed perspective to the ongoing debate about the balance between civil liberties and national security. In Defense of Internment will outrage, enlighten, and radically change the way you view the past-and the present.
About the Author
Product details
- Publisher : Regnery Publishing; First Edition (July 1, 2004)
- Language : English
- Hardcover : 376 pages
- ISBN-10 : 0895260514
- ISBN-13 : 978-0895260512
- Item Weight : 1.41 pounds
- Dimensions : 6.25 x 1.5 x 9 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #256,700 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #1,936 in World War II History (Books)
- Customer Reviews:
About the author

Michelle Malkin is a mother, wife, blogger, conservative syndicated columnist, longtime cable TV news commentator, and best-selling author of seven books. She is host of "Sovereign Nation" on Newsmax TV. She started her newspaper journalism career at the Los Angeles Daily News in 1992, moved to the Seattle Times in 1995, and has been penning nationally syndicated newspaper columns for Creators Syndicate since 1999. She is founder of conservative Internet start-ups Hot Air and Twitchy.com. Malkin has received numerous awards for her investigative journalism, including the Council on Governmental Ethics Laws (COGEL) national award for outstanding service for the cause of governmental ethics and leadership (1998), the Reed Irvine Accuracy in Media Award for Investigative Journalism (2006), the Heritage Foundation and Franklin Center for Government & Public Integrity's Breitbart Award for Excellence in Journalism (2013), the Center for Immigration Studies' Eugene Katz Award for Excellence in the Coverage of Immigration Award (2016), and the Manhattan Film Festival's Film Heals Award (2018). Married for 26 years and the mother of two children, she lives with her family in Colorado. Follow her at michellemalkin.com.
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The heart of her argument is based upon the "MAGIC" decryptions, a long series of secret Japanese messages intercepted by the US government in the early war years. She posits that in these messages information showed that the Japanese had a spy network of Japanese-Americans (the "Nisei") and Japanese resident aliens (the "Issei") living in the US. This in and of itself is a huge problem as it has been shown by numerous scholars over the years that these decryptions did not in fact state this, but rather that the Japanese had intentions of recruiting these individuals for espionage as well as the fact that among the thousands of messages decrypted only a handful spoke of espionage in the US.
She brings very little new evidence to the table and instead lifts most of her material from work done in the early and mid 1980's, which was soundly refuted at that time anyway.
Also very important is the fact that only a handful of administration officials had access to the MAGIC documents, while the case for internment was made quite vocally by other officials who had no way of knowing that these documents even existed. Most notable of these was West Coast Defense Commander General John DeWitt who in his final report detailing plans for the "evacuation" said that "the Japanese race is an enemy race, and while many second and third generation Japanese born on United States soil, possessed of United States citizenship, have become 'Americanized,' the racial strains are undiluted." In addition, those few that did have access to the MAGIC documents, did not necessarily even read or know of the few messages, out of thousands, that referenced any sort of spy network in the US, due to the sheer volume of data contained in them. The governors of the western states that refused to allow Japanese relocated to their states freedom of movement, instead insisting that they be kept in "concentration camps" under guard, also had no access to the MAGIC decrypts.
Malkin also does not mention, even to refute, any of the decades of scholarship done on the influence of nativism, racism, economic control and war-time hysteria on the series of decisions that led to the actual confinement at military camps that is commonly referred to as "the internment". Even if she does not believe those factors were an influence, by not refuting them, her argument is weakened considerably.
Another major point of her book is based upon the idea that this was all done solely in the interest of national security to prevent a Japanese attack on the US west coast. However, the fact of the matter was that before even the first transfer of a Japanese-American to a long term "detention center", the US had won the battle of Midway and effectively eliminated any possibility of a Japanese assault on the US. She also neglects to effectively explain why German-Americans were not subject to a program of similar nature and scope, only a very small number were detained as opposed to the vast majority (about 3/4ths of the entire Japanese-American population spent most of WWII in camps) when in fact the threat of German subversion on the east coast was much larger and many more ships were lost to Nazi subs (German saboteurs even landed on Long Island).
To further compound the fact that the book lacks serious historical scholarship, in its place is a virulent attack upon all things "liberal" or "leftist". Malkin attacks a conspiracy of history books, politicians, the media and universities who "cloud the truth" with "political correctness". This is all fairly ludicrous since many of the architects of the internment have since referred to it as a mistake or overreaction, as well as many prominent conservatives speaking out against it. The 1981 Presidential Commission on the Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians report to Congress stated that "The
broad historical causes which shaped [the decisions to relocate and detain Japanese Americans] were race prejudice, war hysteria, and a failure of political leadership." Even arch-conservative Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia likened the case of Fred Korematsu (case found in defense of internment), to that of the Dred Scott decision (case found in defense of slavery).
In the final chapter, Malkin discusses current concerns over national security and voices her support of racial profiling at airports and preventing Muslims from serving in the armed forces in the Middle East. She is quick to point out that she is not in favor of an Arab/Muslim internment, yet what possible conclusion does she wish the reader to come to when this argument comes after 148 pages of text explaining why internment is a sound decision to make to protect the national security. Not to mention the fact that the cover of the book is a photograph of a Japanese man, Richard Kotoshirodo a man who did in fact do some surveillance for the Japanese prior to Pearl Harbor (not that anyone would recognize him as such), next to a photograph of Mohammad Atta, one of the 9-11 Hijackers. This juxtaposition, along with the title of the book, clearly infers that infringing on an individuals rights based on race, as was the case leading to the interment of the Japanese during WWII, is also what should be done in the "war on terror" against Arabs and Muslims living in the US.
It seems as though Malkin set out to write a polemic against individual rights in times of war, specifically the current "war on terror", by justifying what was, and still will be, considered an indefensible blot on our nation's history, the internment of Japanese-Americans during WWII.
Malkin decided to write this book following the tragic 9/11 WTC attack. There was a lot of fear and ultimately anger. Many pundits were also comparing this to the unfortunate circumstances of Japanese Americans after the Pearl Harbor bombing. They were saying that the U.S. government was guilty of racial profiling of Muslims, just like the Issei and Nisei in this country during WWII were profiled and discriminated against. And that the ultimate insult was the Internment of people of Japanese background.
What Michelle Malkin set out to do in this book was to show that the internment was not due to racism or discrimination but based on information that was known at the time. That indeed there was concern and evidence of espionage and spy cells mostly in Hawaii. But there were also organizations on the West Coast that pledged fealty to Japan and the emperor.
She also pointed out that during WWI about 6,000 European enemy aliens in America were interned by the War Department in prison barracks located in Georgia and Utah.
Without going into a lot of detail because there is a lot of information in this book, it appeared to me to be well researched and I became aware of some facts:
That there were Japanese submarines located off the coast of California and that one of them attacked an oil field in Goleta. I looked this up and found also that the submarine commander had actually visited that field, so knew the location. Fortunately not much damage was done.
There were the MAGIC messages which were the Japanese diplomatic communications that were decoded by American intelligence and showed that there was espionage activity in Hawaii, on the West coast, and along the southern border. There are examples of these communications at the end of the book.
Also There is also The Alien Enemies Act of 1798 "whenever there shall be a declared war between the United States and any foreign nation or government, or any invasion or predatory incursion shall be perpetrated, attempted, or threatened against the territory of the United States, by any foreign nation or government, all males aged fourteen and older who are not naturalized are liable to be apprehended, restrained, secured and removed, as alien enemies."
Other elements of the evacuation and internment brought out in this book is that it actually protected these over 100,000 people as they were already being attacked and discriminated against by their neighbors after Pearl Harbor. They probably weren't even safe in their own neighborhoods. No one denies that the Japanese Americans suffered hardships during the war. It was even admitted that after the order was made to relocate those on the West Coast that there was no thought as to how daunting the task would be.




