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Disrupting Class, Expanded Edition: How Disruptive Innovation Will Change the Way the World Learns 2nd Edition
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Clay Christensen's groundbreaking bestselling work in education now updated and expanded, including a new chapter on Christensen's seminal "Jobs to Be Done" theory applied to education.
"Provocatively titled, Disrupting Class is just what America's K-12 education system needs--a well thought-through proposal for using technology to better serve students and bring our schools into the 21st Century. Unlike so many education 'reforms,' this is not small-bore stuff. For that reason alone, it's likely to be resisted by defenders of the status quo, even though it's necessary and right for our kids. We owe it to them to make sure this book isn't merely a terrific read; it must become a blueprint for educational transformation."
―Joel Klein, Chancellor of the New York City Department of Education
"A brilliant teacher, Christensen brings clarity to a muddled and chaotic world of education."
―Jim Collins, bestselling author of Good to Great
“Just as iTunes revolutionized the music industry, technology has the potential to transform education in America so that every one of the nation’s 50 million students receives a high quality education. Disrupting Class is a must-read, as it shows us how we can blaze that trail toward transformation.”
―Jeb Bush, former Governor of Florida
According to recent studies in neuroscience, the way we learn doesn't always match up with the way we are taught. If we hope to stay competitive-academically, economically, and technologically-we need to rethink our understanding of intelligence, reevaluate our educational system, and reinvigorate our commitment to learning. In other words, we need "disruptive innovation."
Now, in his long-awaited new book, Clayton M. Christensen and coauthors Michael B. Horn and Curtis W. Johnson take one of the most important issues of our time-education-and apply Christensen's now-famous theories of "disruptive" change using a wide range of real-life examples. Whether you're a school administrator, government official, business leader, parent, teacher, or entrepreneur, you'll discover surprising new ideas, outside-the-box strategies, and straight-A success stories. You'll learn how:
- Customized learning will help many more students succeed in school
- Student-centric classrooms will increase the demand for new technology
- Computers must be disruptively deployed to every student
- Disruptive innovation can circumvent roadblocks that have prevented other attempts at school reform
- We can compete in the global classroom-and get ahead in the global market
Filled with fascinating case studies, scientific findings, and unprecedented insights on how innovation must be managed, Disrupting Class will open your eyes to new possibilities, unlock hidden potential, and get you to think differently. Professor Christensen and his coauthors provide a bold new lesson in innovation that will help you make the grade for years to come.
The future is now. Class is in session.
- ISBN-100071749101
- ISBN-13978-0071749107
- Edition2nd
- PublisherMcGraw Hill
- Publication dateSeptember 10, 2010
- LanguageEnglish
- Dimensions6.2 x 1 x 9.2 inches
- Print length272 pages
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From the Publisher
Clayton M. Christensen is the Robert and Jane Cizik Professor of Business Administration at the Harvard Business School, and is widely regarded as one of the world’s foremost experts on innovation and growth. He is author or coauthor of five books including the New York Times bestsellers, The Innovator's Dilemma and The Innovator's Solution.
Michael Horn is the co-founder and Executive Director, Education of Innosight Institute, a non-profit think tank devoted to applying the theories of disruptive innovation to problems in the social sector. Tech&Learning magazine named him to its list of the 100 most important people in the creation and advancement of the use of technology in education. He holds an AB from Yale and an MBA from Harvard.
Curtis Johnson, once a teacher and later a college president, is a writer and consultant. He was head of the public policy research organization that launched the idea of chartered schools and chief of staff to former governor Arne Carlson of Minnesota. Co-author of three books on how metropolitan regions have to adapt to new realities to be successful places, Johnson is a partner with the Citistates Group and the managing partner of Education Evolving, a project of the Center for Policy Studies. He is a graduate of Baylor University with a PhD from the College of Education at the University of Texas.
About the Author
Clayton M. Christensen is the Robert and Jane Cizik Professor of Business Administration at the Harvard Business School, and is widely regarded as one of the world’s foremost experts on innovation and growth. He is author or coauthor of five books including the New York Times bestsellers, The Innovator's Dilemma and The Innovator's Solution.
Michael Horn is the co-founder and Executive Director, Education of Innosight Institute, a non-profit think tank devoted to applying the theories of disruptive innovation to problems in the social sector. Tech&Learning magazine named him to its list of the 100 most important people in the creation and advancement of the use of technology in education. He holds an AB from Yale and an MBA from Harvard.
Curtis Johnson, once a teacher and later a college president, is a writer and consultant. He was head of the public policy research organization that launched the idea of chartered schools and chief of staff to former governor Arne Carlson of Minnesota. Co-author of three books on how metropolitan regions have to adapt to new realities to be successful places, Johnson is a partner with the Citistates Group and the managing partner of Education Evolving, a project of the Center for Policy Studies. He is a graduate of Baylor University with a PhD from the College of Education at the University of Texas.
Product details
- Publisher : McGraw Hill; 2nd edition (September 10, 2010)
- Language : English
- Hardcover : 272 pages
- ISBN-10 : 0071749101
- ISBN-13 : 978-0071749107
- Item Weight : 1.2 pounds
- Dimensions : 6.2 x 1 x 9.2 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #795,652 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #1,143 in Education Administration (Books)
- #1,226 in Medical Cognitive Psychology
- #2,000 in Cognitive Psychology (Books)
- Customer Reviews:
About the authors

Clayton M. Christensen is the Kim B. Clark Professor of Business Administration at the Harvard Business School. In addition to his most recent book, Competing Against Luck, he is the author of nine books, including several New York Times bestsellers — The Innovator's Dilemma, The Innovator's Solution, Disrupting Class, and and most recently How Will You Measure Your Life?. Christensen is the co-founder of Innosight, a growth-strategy consultancy; Rose Park Advisors, an investment firm; and the Christensen Institute, a non-profit think tank. In 2011 and 2013, he was named the world’s most influential business thinker by Thinkers50.

Michael B. Horn strives to create a world in which all individuals can build their passions and fulfill their potential through his writing, speaking, and work with a portfolio of education organizations. He is the author of several books, including the award-winning Disrupting Class: How Disruptive Innovation Will Change the Way the World Learns; Blended: Using Disruptive Innovation to Improve Schools; Choosing College; Goodnight Box, a children’s story; and the forthcoming From Reopen to Reinvent: (Re)creating School for Every Child, which will be released in July 2022.
Michael is the co-founder of and a distinguished fellow at the Clayton Christensen Institute for Disruptive Innovation, a non-profit think tank. He cohosts the top education podcasts Future U and Class Disrupted. He is a regular contributor to Forbes.com and writes the Substack newsletter The Future of Education. Michael also serves as an executive editor at Education Next, and his work has been featured in outlets such as The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Atlantic, Harvard Business Review, and NBC.
Michael is a senior strategist at Guild Education, which partners with leading employers and organizations to help offer education and upskilling opportunities to America’s workforce. He serves on the board and advisory boards of a range of education organizations, including Imagine Worldwide, Minerva University, and the LearnLaunch Institute and is a venture partner at NextGen Venture Partners.
Michael was selected as a 2014 Eisenhower Fellow to study innovation in education in Vietnam and Korea, and Tech&Learning magazine named him to its list of the 100 most important people in the creation and advancement of the use of technology in education. Michael holds a BA in history from Yale University and an MBA from the Harvard Business School.

Curt Johnson was once a teacher. He remembers it well, as a lot of work but so dependent on who was in charge. In his new book, Johnson tells the story of a small but growing movement of teachers in charge of what matters in school. It is powerful, potentially transformative, and a must read for every teacher who wonders what it must be like to have real professional control over your work. Johnson has been a teacher, a college president, head of a public affairs research organization, chief of staff to a governor, head of several non profits and a writer for hundreds of newspaper pieces and four other books, including the 2008 award-winning and best selling Disrupting Class with Clayton Christensen and Michael Horn.
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Customers find the book insightful and inspiring. They describe it as a great resource for graduate courses, with clear examples in straightforward prose. The language is simple to understand, making it an excellent book for any educator. Overall, customers consider the book a seminal piece of literature that everyone involved with education should read.
AI-generated from the text of customer reviews
Customers find the book insightful and helpful for educational leaders, entrepreneurs, parents, teachers, and students. They say it identifies a powerful shift in learning and teaching methods that will revolutionize education. The book is an excellent resource for current graduate courses and provides ideas for upgrading classes. It helps teachers and educators apply disruptive innovation theory to education and advocates for online, on-demand education.
"...learning opposite to classroom or computer based learning was extremely insightful and inspiring...." Read more
"...and not only provides an analysis of the field but makes some very strong predictions...." Read more
"...It talks about the development of our education system and breaks it up into categories...." Read more
"...New topics are thoroughly covered and when introduced are given good background...." Read more
Customers find the book easy to read and engaging. They say it's a must-read for educators and school administrators.
"...Still an interesting and thoughtful book, but not his best." Read more
"...Not only is it necessary, it's a pleasure to read. Great ideas with clear examples in straightforward prose." Read more
"...So the book was really good. Topic was really good. How good?..." Read more
"This is a terrific book about creating disruptive change in education...." Read more
Customers appreciate the book's language. They find it well-written, with clear examples and straightforward prose. The language is simple to understand, making it a great book for educators of all types. Readers also mention that the book provides individualized instruction that can help every student.
"...Great ideas with clear examples in straightforward prose." Read more
"...It's a great book for any type of educator to read. It talks about the development of our education system and breaks it up into categories...." Read more
"...HBR style writing so it is familiar in form and the language it uses is simple to understand...." Read more
"...The info is good, though, well researched, and well written." Read more
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Top reviews
Top reviews from the United States
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- Reviewed in the United States on December 23, 2013As somebody who is just starting to learn about the transformation of the education system across the globe, I have found some of the thoughts and theories in the book quite inspiring. The definition of intrinsic motivation, job to be done and how would one position online learning opposite to classroom or computer based learning was extremely insightful and inspiring. The research part is a bit challenging, and some of the analysis like charter schools seem to apply mostly for US environment, but nevertheless, it was another Chirstensen book that once you start reading, you cannot let go. I would recommend it to all policy makers, schools authorities, but also businesses that are trying to approach what now even Gartner calls "a vertical education market".
- Reviewed in the United States on July 18, 2013Christensen reminds me of Marx and Engles; having come up with a new perspective on economics they then proceeded to write volumes and volumes applying it to everything and anything. (even astrophysics) Some of their applications were profoundly inciteful and well researched, some of them were more like wishful thinking and some were downright silly. I think Christensen's book the "Innovator's Dilemma" will rank as one of the classics of economic and social theory, on a level with works such as "the Wealth of Nations". In "Disrupting Class", he applies his theory of disruption to the field of education and not only provides an analysis of the field but makes some very strong predictions. However, in the case of education, as opposed to business, the mechanism of social change is not clearly laid out. (This was the problem with all of Marx's grand predictions, as Elster pointed out) Businesses change because old ones go bankrupt and new ones take their place, yet unwieldy bureaucracies can remain that way for hundreds of years (the Vatican). I would like to believe in the future of education in "Disrupting Class" but there is not enough explanation in the book of how this will come about. Still an interesting and thoughtful book, but not his best.
- Reviewed in the United States on August 17, 2011This is a seminal piece of literature that everyone involved with educational technology is discussing. If you are involved in this field, you are behind if you've not read this book. Not only is it necessary, it's a pleasure to read. Great ideas with clear examples in straightforward prose.
- Reviewed in the United States on July 11, 2021The main gist of much of the text seemed to focus on the need to use technology in the classroom as a way to disrupt the normal way of teaching. If you are someone who needs to be convinced of how technology can extend or shift the ways in which students can be taught, then this might be a good book for you. If you have learned a plethora of techniques via distance teaching / learning or if you knew about Google apps for education, etc, this may not be what you need.
- Reviewed in the United States on February 16, 2011I had to purchase this book for a class that I'm taking for my graduate's degree. I loved it from the moment I started reading it. It's a great book for any type of educator to read. It talks about the development of our education system and breaks it up into categories. There were a lot of "Aha" moments as I was reading this book. I would definitely recommend it to anyone who wants to know the break down of why certain things are happening in education!
- Reviewed in the United States on January 11, 2011I have to be honest I was searching on material for disruptive technology and found this book. I purchased it not realizing that its focus was education and how disruptive technology can help improve education in the USA.
The author uses typical HBR style writing so it is familiar in form and the language it uses is simple to understand. New topics are thoroughly covered and when introduced are given good background. It felt like some ideas were hashed over more than once in the book, but that may have been me remembering content from another source.
So the book was really good. Topic was really good. How good? Well I think I am going to take my copy to my local school supernatant and see if he can find some value in this book too. I have had a ton of ideas and am working to implement them now.
- Reviewed in the United States on April 14, 2015Reform isn't going to happen from the top-down, it's going to happen from the bottom-up. Individual teachers and whole schools will innovate in ways that reach the outlier students who don't fit in to regular school. As mainstream schools continue to fail despite increased funding, these other schools will continue to innovate and attract more students. Eventually, mainstream schools will either die out because of a lack of enrollment or they'll adapt.
In my discussions with fellow grad students in education, not everyone believes the claims of the book, they don't think innovation will actually happen. Believe what you want, but this book rang true to me.
- Reviewed in the United States on July 9, 2014This is a terrific book about creating disruptive change in education. I have to read so many of these books for my work and my classes, and this is the first one that I probably won't sell after the class is over. Like anything, the change isn't easy change to make and will take time to implement, but the long term improvement in the education of our children is worth it.
Top reviews from other countries
Framer.nbReviewed in Canada on November 20, 20195.0 out of 5 stars A good read
A good read.
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Cliente AmazonReviewed in Italy on March 18, 20183.0 out of 5 stars Interessante ma legato al mercato americano
Christensen è uno studioso autorevole e ideatore della teoria della disruptive innovation. In questo libro cerca di applicare la tua teoria al sistema scolastico americano, senza però elaborare qualcosa di veramente nuovo.
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Cliente de AmazonReviewed in Mexico on January 25, 20175.0 out of 5 stars Satisfecha :)
Justo como lo pedi muchas gracias. Llego en el tiempo estimado, en perfectas condiciones, justo como lo qur ofrecen en la foto sin ningun cambio.
AstraeaReviewed in the United Kingdom on June 30, 20155.0 out of 5 stars Five Stars
Helpful insights in to the future of education.
chandram1006Reviewed in India on December 31, 20145.0 out of 5 stars the more I am convinced of the great thought leadership he provides
The more I read of Clayton Christensen, the more I am convinced of the great thought leadership he provides. Amazing read.



