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The End of Wall Street Paperback – Bargain Price, March 29, 2011
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Roger Lowenstein's The End of Wall Street unfurls a gripping chronicle of the 2008 financial collapse, drawing on 180 interviews with top government officials and Wall Street CEOs. Lowenstein looks to the roots of the crisis to reveal how America succumbed to the siren song of easy debt and speculative mortgages. Combining deep analysis with sizzling narrative, The End of Wall Street charts the end of an era of unprecedented and unwarranted optimism while looking ahead to the legacy of the bailout.
- Print length384 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherPenguin Books
- Publication dateMarch 29, 2011
- Reading age18 years and up
- Dimensions5.56 x 0.89 x 8.54 inches
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About the Author
Roger Lowenstein, author of the bestselling Buffett: The Making of an American Capitalist and When Genius Failed: The Rise and Fall of Long-term Capital Management, reported for the Wall Street Journal for more than a decade and wrote the Journal’s stock market column “Heard on the Street” and also its “Intrinsic Value” column. He now contributes articles and reviews to the Journal and the New York Times Magazine and is a columnist for SmartMoney Magazine. He lives in Westfield, New Jersey.
Product details
- ASIN : B0053U7DQG
- Publisher : Penguin Books; Reprint edition (March 29, 2011)
- Language : English
- Paperback : 384 pages
- Reading age : 18 years and up
- Item Weight : 11.2 ounces
- Dimensions : 5.56 x 0.89 x 8.54 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #4,150,905 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #7,917 in Economic History (Books)
- #8,573 in Deals in Books
- #155,475 in United States History (Books)
- Customer Reviews:
About the author

Roger Lowenstein (born in 1954) is an American financial journalist and writer. He graduated from Cornell University and reported for the Wall Street Journal for more than a decade, including two years writing its Heard on the Street column, 1989 to 1991. Born in 1954, he is the son of Helen and Louis Lowenstein of Larchmont, N.Y. Lowenstein is married to Judith Slovin.
He is also a director of Sequoia Fund. His father, the late Louis Lowenstein, was an attorney and Columbia University law professor who wrote books and articles critical of the American financial industry.
Roger Lowenstein's latest book, America's Bank: The Epic Struggle to Create the Federal Reserve (The Penguin Press) was released on October 20, 2015.
Bio from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
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It is very important that Senators, Congressmen and Congresswomen, and Obama appointed regulators read this book and understand the cause of the crisis. If they do not, then they will continue to try to put the blame, quite stupidly, on the banks that made that loans, rather than on the millions of Americans who decided that they would not pay their mortgage, but would continue to pay their cell phone bills, cable TV bills, and car payments. The home mortgage payment used to be the most important payment that the average American would pay each month because they did not want to lose their home. In this new age of the homeowner being a speculator in real estate first and a true homeowner second, banks will be forced to increase interest rates on new mortgages to price for the high risk of defaults that will occur if the price of the home declines regardless with what happens to the homeowner him/herself. People with good jobs have been walking away from paying their mortgages because they can make money by doing it. This is the root of the financial crisis and why Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, America's two government agencies that support the mortgage market, have been placed into conservatorship and have been bankrupt for almost 2 years. The government was not bailing out Wall Street banks last year and the year before, the government was bailing out all of the people who decided that they would be better off if they simply stopped paying the mortgage and left the house to the banks.
The financial markets are just as sensitive of an ecosystem within the US economy as the marshlands are to the populations of fish that they support. If we attack the banks and Wall Street incorrectly as the cause of the financial crisis, then it will be like plowing under all of the marshlands around the US and expecting an improvement in the numbers of fish that will be caught in the oceans and bays that they support. That is why this book is a must read. After you read it, then email or write your congressperson and protest the attacks on Wall Street, especially the misguided derivatives reform that is trying to move derivatives away from Banks that can manage the risk to other institutions that cannot. If we do not correct the real problem then, in the future, anyone who misses so much as a telephone bill due date will see their ability to get a mortgage impaired, and if they can get one, it will be certain that they will pay one or two percent higher for the next 30 years as a result of that missed telephone bill payment. Bank will be looking for even the slightest hint that someone will walk away from his or her mortgage payments. As an example of how much more difficult it is to get a mortgage, one twenties something college graduate I know, who has a good paying job in Web design had to by a camper to live in for all cash because he could not get a mortgage. The reason he could not get a mortgage was that he missed the due dates on his credit cards a few times. This is just one example, but it will only get worse if we continue to degrade Wall Street and subject Wall Street firms to nonsense legislation like the new derivatives reform. The OTC derivatives reform is pure nonsense and is trying to capitalize on the fact that the average person does not understand them. The Obama administration and the Democrats have figured out that they will win votes if they punish and humiliate these institutions. In reality, OTC derivative reforms will only shift the risk of derivatives to clearing brokers and clearinghouses that cannot possibly manage the risk and will fail in the next financial crisis. In summary, the American people must stop the misguided derivatives reform that is being pushed through the Senate by the Obama Administration to win the votes of those people who do not understand what really caused the crisis.
In summary, it is the capability of Wall Street to provide capital to companies and individuals (for home and car purchases) so effectively that has made America a great country over the last 200 years. If we did not have this fabulous resource for capital (i.e., getting money to invest in things or buy long term assets like homes and cars) then America would not be as strong in the world as it is. Who do you think provided the capital for Microsoft, Google, Intel, Amazon, and Apple over the years? Yes, it was Wall Street. So now Congress wants to beat them to death with adverse legislation, because the people who borrowed money to buy homes got that money from major banks and investment banks on Wall Street. The American people need to wake up fast before the lynching of Wall Street is completed by the new financial reform bill and understand that it was the people who decided to walk away from their responsibilities to pay their mortgage payments that caused the crisis and not Wall Street who provided the money to these people to buy the home. This is like shooting the messenger and not the sender of the message. In the new world of American priorities, the cell phone bill and the cable TV bill have migrated to become the most important bills that Americans will pay each month. The mortgage payment bill gets thrown into the trash can if the home price has declined, and after they throw it into the trash, the home buyer calls their congressperson and asks for a new law to be passed that forces the banks that provided the mortgages to provide forgiveness (or a reduction of principal amount) of the mortgage by congressional action. If we harm the major banks and investment banks that made the loans available to America to make it an industrial power in the world, then like with the marshlands example, we will be harming ourselves by making mortgages for home purchases too hard to get and too expensive. Home prices will feel that lack of buying ability and will languish for 10 to 20 years at present levels. Banks will turn into telephone companies or the post office and will be beaten in their own business by foreign financial firms that will take over in America. Just think of it, the new financial reform bill may lead to America having a branch of the First National Bank of China or The First National Bank of France on every corner. America needs to stop the financial reform bill and save our major banks and investment banks from being irreparably damage by Congress and the Obama administration. This legislation will only harm average Americans who may very well see all of their kids living in campers because they cannot get mortgages. Save the Whales, save the marshlands and save our fabulous Wall Street financial institutions that have made America the country that it is by providing financing efficiently and effectively to all who need it. We just need to change our focus to be one of getting people who take out mortgages to pay their mortgage payment first again and give up their cell phone, internet connection, cable TV and even their cars before they can get off the hook of making their mortgage payment.
Seen from our vantage point in 2010, the idea that American homes would always keep or rise in value seems insane. With 20/20 hindsight it certainly was incorrect. But just about everybody in this drama politicians, investors, traders, subprime lenders believed that American home prices could not go down. Because Lowenstein fails to emphasize this, the players look even worse than they would otherwise.
Putting aside the almost spirtual belief that many people had in American housing values, Lowenstein makes an excellent case for why the mess happened, explaining the history of mortgage lending since the Great Depression and how lending standards erroded. As each decade comes and goes we see another piece of problem falling into place. Once he gets to the 2000s Lowenstein's point, about lending rules going out the window, is clear. The list of people and institutions who were compromised and who shirked their responsibility is long. It includes Congress, Fannie and Freddie Mac, the rating agencies, both the Clinton and Bush Administrations, numerous bank risk managers and the obvious subprime lenders and on and on. There are lots of embarrassing quotes such as one from Rep. Barney Frank saying that he doesn't want Fannie and Freddie to be "just another bank," and that he doesn't want the same emphasis on "safety and soundness." Eeeechhhh.
No major figure in this book gets off easy except perhaps, the financial press. Certainly the people and institutions listed above deserve the lion's share of the blame, but if the crisis was as easy to predict as Roger Lowenstein implies, where was the financial press? Or, was this disaster more difficult to predict than this book would have you believe. I can't say I know the answer to that, but the book made me think about it.
For example, Lowenstein takes a fashionable swipe at Alan Greenspan, saying that Greenspan's solution for everything was interest rates. Okay but ah, Alan Greenspan? That would be the same Alan Greenspan lauded by the financial press as a genius? The same one whose presentations on his autobiography made some audience members think of the movie Being There, because no matter what the man said or even wrote, the press cheered and failed to report that Greenspan seemed a whole lot less brilliant once he started talking in paragraphs?
Hindsight is 20/20 and The End of Wall Street is heavy on hindsight and light on all the things that made the crisis hard to predict (9/11 was a pretty big distraction.) This makes it more of a reporters notebook than a historian's analysis. While the book explains all of the factors that made disaster inevitable, it doesn't really explain why so few people could see it. To the nonfinancial observer this is a pretty scary thing. The clarity of reporters on the history of the mortgage crisis doesn't seem to carry over to reform discussions, giving one the sneaking suspicion that nothing was as obvious as it looks today.
Despite these concerns, as a blow-by-blow chronicle, The End of Wall Street is excellent. There's a lot of information here and future students of the financial crisis will get a lot out of this book.
If fifty years from now, bankers, investers and individuals start thinking that home prices cannot go down, its quite likely that the same or new mistakes will be made. If they read this book they may think that recognising a an impending mortgage crisis is far easier than it is.
Top reviews from other countries
Roger Lowenstein has written a well-condensed chronology of the painful failure of Wall Street's - and Main Street's - belief in ever-rising house prices financed with ever-rising debt leverage and ever-decreasing lender oversight. Painful but too soon forgotten as the stock market reaches new heights in a still limping economy. The "solution" to the resulting catastrophe embraced by the Fed of allowing some firms to fail while saving others, massively inflating its balance sheet with heterogeneous collateral and of wrapping the biggest financial institutions in an implied government ("too big to fail") guarantee, an approach whose weakness was clearly demonstrated by the collapse of Fannie and Freddie, may well be the next source of financial pain over-hanging us all while the lost jobs, lost savings and lost hopes remain uncompensated and unaddressed. Lowenstein's reminder of the 2007 to 2009 events is salutary and his short book well deserves a slow and thoughtful reading-and remembering.
The Theory of Money and Credit, Ludwig von Mises, Vienna, June 1934, English Edition
This wildly entertaining book full of first hand narrative descriptions of detailed discussions between all the players at the time of the Wall Street shakeout of 2008 and beyond, leaves any Austrian economist perplexed as to why the apocalyptic title would even be used given the fact that credit busts are the end reality of all economic expansions recorded throughout the ages.
In typical American fashion, the ending of financial institutions long held to be indestructible creations of the American industrial complex, the author has chosen such a foreboding title to describe events that has been commonplace for much of the financial history of the American Republic. Indeed American economic history is replete with banking failures that in their time were as equally unthinkable as the events and institutions described by the author in this volume.
As the reader wanders through the pages immersed in the intimate details and discussions one has the sense of being right there alongside the champions of the financial oligopoly as the fall of banking institution after institution begins! Bringing the Republic and world commerce to a screeching halt to the outcries of humanity and central bankers everywhere of this just can't be happening in my lifetime!
So goes the real reality of such a trist of financial history recorded as narrative without any context or recognition that Wall Street still exists and the new firms have continued on in new forms as a triumph of the Schumpeter gale declared years earlier in 1942.
This writing reads more as a novel than as a solid recording of the events surrounding the demise of some of American's banking icons. Such is the narrow focus and short term view of financial turmoil described in this volume.
If history is a dull and boring subject to the reader this "novel" approach to economic history might just awaken an interest in the subject area of financial panics for those more interested in Field and Stream, People or Enquirer sensationalized topics than mundane description of past monetary and credit cycles.
For the more serious student of economic calamity and panics much better writings are available including the masterful writings contained in the above quoted volume.
As it remains, despite the title and proclamation by the author, Wall Street and capitalism live on in large part thanks to the resilience of "human action" and all that is the foible of bankers, money and legislative stupidity. Chalk this book and title as one up for the ages of prematurely declaring Wall Street dead. Long live Schumpeter and his treatise of "creative destruction" within the never ending ebb and flow of the American business cycles. May he rest in peace!














