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Factoring Humanity Paperback – November 21, 2003
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In the near future, a signal is detected coming from the Alpha Centauri system. Mysterious, unintelligible data streams in for ten years. Heather Davis, a professor in the University of Toronto psychology department, has devoted her career to deciphering the message. Her estranged husband, Kyle, is working on the development of artificial intelligence systems and new computer technology utilizing quantum effects to produce a near-infinite number of calculations simultaneously.
When Heather achieves a breakthrough, the message reveals a startling new technology that rips the barriers of space and time, holding the promise of a new stage of human evolution. In concert with Kyle's discoveries of the nature of consciousness, the key to limitless exploration---or the end of the human race---appears close at hand.
Sawyer has created a gripping thriller, a pulse-pounding tour of the farthest reaches of technology.
Factoring Humanity is a 1999 Hugo Award Nominee for Best Novel.
- Print length336 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherOrb Books
- Publication dateNovember 21, 2003
- Dimensions5.5 x 0.79 x 8.5 inches
- ISBN-100765309033
- ISBN-13978-0765309037
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About the Author
Robert J. Sawyer is the Hugo Award-winning author of Hominids, the Nebula Award-winning author of The Terminal Experiment, and the Aurora Award-winning author of FlashForward, basis for the ABC TV series. He is also the author of Calculating God, Mindscan, the WWW series―Wake, Watch and Wonder―and many other books. He was born in Ottawa and lives in Toronto.
Excerpt. © Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.
1
Heather Davis took a sip of her coffee and looked at the brass clock on the mantelpiece. Her nineteen-year-old daughter Rebecca had said she’d be here by 8:00 P.M., and it was already eight-twenty.
Surely Becky knew how awkward this was. She had said she’d wanted a meeting with her parents—both of them, simultaneously. That Heather Davis and Kyle Graves had been separated for almost a year now didn’t enter into the equation. They could have met at a restaurant, but no, Heather had volunteered the house—the one in which she and Kyle had raised Becky and her older sister Mary, the one Kyle had moved out of last August. Now, though, with the silence between her and Kyle having stretched on for yet another minute, she was regretting that spontaneous offer.
Although Heather hadn’t seen Becky for almost four months, she had a hunch about what Becky wanted to say. When they spoke over the phone, Becky often talked about her boyfriend Zack. No doubt she was about to announce an engagement.
Of course, Heather wished her daughter would wait a few more years. But then again, it wasn’t as if she was going to university. Becky worked in a clothing store on Spadina. Both Heather and Kyle taught at the University of Toronto—she in psychology, he in computer science. It pained them that Becky wasn’t pursuing higher education. In fact, under the Faculty Association agreement, their children were entitled to free tuition at U of T. At least Mary had taken advantage of that for one year before…
No.
No, this was a time of celebration. Becky was getting married! That was what mattered today.
She wondered how Zack had proposed—or whether it had been Becky who had popped the question. Heather remembered vividly what Kyle had said to her when he’d proposed, twenty-one years ago, back in 1996. He’d taken her hand, held it tightly, and said, "I love you, and I want to spend the rest of my life getting to know you."
Heather was sitting in an overstuffed easy chair; Kyle was sitting on the matching couch. He’d brought his datapad with him and was reading something on it. Knowing Kyle, it was probably a spy novel; the one good thing for him about the rise of Iran to superpower status had been the revitalization of the espionage thriller.
On the beige wall behind Kyle was a framed photoprint that belonged to Heather. It was made up of an apparently random pattern of tiny black-and-white squares—a representation of one of the alien radio messages.
Becky had moved out nine months ago, shortly after she’d finished high school. Heather had hoped Becky might stay at home a while—the only other person in the big, empty suburban house now that Mary and Kyle were gone.
At first, Becky came by the house frequently—and according to Kyle, she had seen her father often enough, too. But soon the gaps between visits grew longer and longer—and then she stopped coming altogether.
Kyle apparently had become aware that Heather was looking at him. He lifted his eyes from the datapad and managed a wan smile. "Don’t worry, hon. I’m sure she’ll be here."
Hon. They hadn’t lived together as husband and wife for eleven months, but the automatic endearments of two decades die hard.
Finally, at a little past eight-thirty, the doorbell rang. Heather and Kyle exchanged glances. Becky’s thumbprint still operated the lock, of course—as, for that matter, did Kyle’s. No one else could possibly be dropping by this late; it had to be Becky. Heather sighed. That Becky didn’t simply let herself in underscored Heather’s fears: her daughter no longer considered this house to be her home.
Heather got up and crossed the living room. She was wearing a dress-hardly her normal at-home attire, but she’d wanted to show Becky that her coming by was a special occasion. And as Heather passed the mirror in the front hall and caught sight of the blue floral print of the dress, she realized that she, too, was acting as Becky was, treating her daughter’s arrival as a visit from someone for whom airs had to be put on.
Heather completed the journey to the door, touched her hands to her dark hair to make sure it was still properly positioned, then turned the knob.
Becky stood on the step. She had a narrow face, high cheekbones, brown eyes, and brunette hair that brushed her shoulders. Beside her was her boyfriend Zack, all gangly limbs and scraggly blond hair.
"Hello, darling," said Heather to her daughter, and then, smiling at the young man, whom she hardly knew: "Hello, Zack."
Becky stepped inside. Heather thought perhaps her daughter would stop long enough to kiss her, but she didn’t. Zack followed Becky into the hall, and the three of them made their way up into the living room, where Kyle was still sitting on the couch.
"Hi, Pumpkin," said Kyle, looking up. "Hi, Zack."
His daughter didn’t even glance at him. Her hand found Zack’s, and they intertwined fingers.
Heather sat down in the easy chair and motioned for Becky and Zack to sit as well. There wasn’t enough room on the couch next to Kyle for both of them. Becky found another chair, and Zack stood behind her, a hand on her left shoulder.
"It’s so good to see you, dear," said Heather. She opened her mouth again, realized that what was about to come out was a comment on how long it had been, and closed it before the words got free.
Becky turned to look at Zack. Her lower lip was trembling.
"What’s wrong, dear?" asked Heather, shocked. If not an engagement announcement, then what? Could Becky be ill? In trouble with the police? She saw Kyle lean slightly forward; he, too, was detecting his daughter’s anxiety.
"Go ahead," said Zack to Becky; he whispered it, but the room was quiet enough that Heather could make it out.
Becky was silent for a few moments longer. She closed her eyes, then re-opened them. "Why?" she said, her voice quavering.
"Why what, dear?" said Heather.
"Not you," said Becky. Her gaze fell for an instant on her father, then it dropped to the floor. "Him."
"Why what?" asked Kyle, sounding as confused as Heather felt.
The clock on the mantelpiece chimed; it did that every quarter-hour.
"Why," said Becky, raising her eyes again to look at her father, "did you…"
"Say it," whispered Zack, forcefully.
Becky swallowed, then blurted it all out. "Why did you abuse me?"
Kyle slumped against the couch. The datapad, which had been resting on the couch’s arm, fell to the hardwood floor with a clattering sound. Kyle’s mouth hung open. He looked at his wife.
Heather’s heart was racing. She felt nauseous.
Kyle closed his mouth, then opened it again. "Pumpkin, I never—"
"Don’t deny it," said Becky. Her voice was quaking with fury; now that the accusation was out, a dam had apparently burst. "Don’t you dare deny it."
"But, Pumpkin—"
"And don’t call me that. My name is Rebecca."
Kyle spread his arms. "I’m sorry, Rebecca. I didn’t know it bothered you, my calling you that."
"Damn you," she said. "How could you do that to me?"
"I never—"
"Don’t lie! For God’s sake, at least have the guts to admit it."
"But I never—Rebecca, you’re my daughter. I’d never hurt you."
"You did hurt me. You ruined me. Me, and Mary."
Hea
Product details
- Publisher : Orb Books; 1st edition (November 21, 2003)
- Language : English
- Paperback : 336 pages
- ISBN-10 : 0765309033
- ISBN-13 : 978-0765309037
- Item Weight : 11.2 ounces
- Dimensions : 5.5 x 0.79 x 8.5 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #3,897,503 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #9,248 in Hard Science Fiction (Books)
- #157,558 in American Literature (Books)
- Customer Reviews:
About the author

Robert J. Sawyer is one of only eight writers ever to win all three of the world’s top awards for best science-fiction novel of the year: the Hugo, the Nebula, and the John W. Campbell Memorial Award. He has also won the Robert A. Heinlein Award, the Edward E. Smith Memorial Award, and the Hal Clement Memorial Award; the top SF awards in China, Japan, France, and Spain; and a record-setting sixteen Canadian Science Fiction and Fantasy Awards (“Auroras”).
Rob’s novel FlashForward was the basis for the ABC TV series of the same name, and he was a scriptwriter for that program. He also scripted the two-part finale for the popular web series Star Trek Continues.
He is a Member of the Order of Canada, the highest honor bestowed by the Canadian government, as well as the Order of Ontario, the highest honor given by his home province; he was also one of the initial inductees into the Canadian Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame.
Rob lives just outside Toronto.His website and blog are at sfwriter.com, and on Facebook, Twitter, and Patreon he’s RobertJSawyer.
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First, both are great stories that just seem to fizzle out at the end. I thought "Calculating God" ended with a sort of Arthur C. Clarke-style ending that frankly didn't fit with the rest of the story. In comparison to the previous 9/10 of the book, "CG" ended on a really flat, predictable, and frankly unworthy note. Sorry, but I felt the same about "Factoring Humanity." Not wanting to spoil the ending for those who haven't yet read it, "FH" ended on a cliche-. The ending was utopian drivel (sorry) which was made much worse and unsatisfying in that Sawyer had a much better conclusion available had he gone with the implications of what Cheetah said and a "what if" what happened to Epsilon Eridani also happened to the Centaurs. I don't need fairy tale endings in my SF, instead I like to be provoked to thought and more often than not happy endings don't do that (it certainly didn't in this case).
Second, both books are sort of provincial in scope (characters, setting, etc.) and the writing isn't the stuff that literature remembered down thru the ages is composed of. I admit to nit-picking here, but I do have to agree with some other reviewers in this regard. In Sawyer's defense, I think he had to do it in this way in order to work with the really tough topics he chose to write on. So while neither "CG" or "FH" will ever be considered on the same plane as "War & Peace," I can live with that.
But what really disturbs me about the book (and frankly, with the lack of notice by other reviewers) is the blase- attitude everyone seems to have about Sawyer's writing and the characters' very evident selfishness and indifference to matters of personal privacy. There are real implications here and unfortunately a good amount of bad logic/philosophy.
The implications should be easy to see. With the technology discovered by the main character, she can now at will and anonymously ease drop on anyone. And not just hear, but BE in anyone's mind (living or dead). What then becomes of the "right" to personal privacy? With this tool in hand, the protagonist has stolen the ultimate in private property. And she has NO qualms about doing so. She admits to doing what she does for selfish reasons, but oh well. This is voyeurism taken to its most perverted (if there is such a thing) - randomly viewing anybody's most intimate thoughts, unannounced and uninvited, and for purely selfish reasons. If the protagonist doesn't seem worried about her own selfish reasons in using the device (because she sees her reasons as noble), she should at least worry about the device being used in the hands of someone whose selfish reasons are less than noble. But she doesn't. Wow, talk about naive! Or is that just native Canadian optimism? But we never get a satisfying answer to this ethical dilemma because Sawyer introduces a plot device (the interaction of the Jungian "overmind with "something else") to prevent it - sorry, pure hokum.
As to bad logic/philosophy, I'll keep this short. Sawyer leads the reader to the conclusion that there could not possibly be anyone on the face of the earth who would reject the Centaurs' gift once unveiled. But the mere fact that there are people who would embrace the gift demands the possibility that there will be those who would reject it. Who then is right? This is no easy question and one that demands addressing. Unfortunately, there's no debate as the book speeds to a quick and unsatisfying conclusion (publisher page limit? Author out of caffeine?). In ending the book with a global chorus of "we all love this gift from the stars," Sawyer is dishonest to himself and the reader & dishonors the thought-provoking, overarching idea/concept of the book - what is "consciousness" and what does it mean to be alive (warts and all)?
I hope Books 3 and on are better than what I have encountered so far.
Interesting to note that all the concerns raised about the impact quantum computing will have when it arrives are true. But candidates for quantum-safe cryptography are already being evaluated @ NIST so companies, countries, financial institutions and individuals will be able to digitally protect and preserve their digital assets with something much safer than RSA encryption. A handful of quantum computers already exist but are still few in number. But lots of research and money are being thrown at it, so they’ll be more widely adopted in 5-10 years is my guess.
Artificial Intelligence is also making great strides. We’re not close to where Factoring Humanity predicted, but again lots and lots of money and research are being thrown at it.
Exciting times.
Thanks for another good read Robert!
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The female protagonist is devoid of insight and self-awareness but is - nevertheless - painted as the saviour of the human race - pretty much because of her gender; whilst the author portrays all the male characters in such a way as to reinforce his credentials as a "right on" feminist. As one approaches the end of the book, the plot just becomes bizarre, with plot holes one could drive a truck through.
If you do read this - and finish it - dwell, for a moment , on the message from Forbidden Planet, and the plight of the Krell and the monsters from the ID. It says something that the author provides notes on how to approach a critique of his book if reviewed by a book club - the sheer chutzpah.








