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Failed States: The Abuse of Power and the Assault on Democracy (American Empire Project) Paperback – January 1, 2007
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"It's hard to imagine any American reading this book and not seeing his country in a new, and deeply troubling, light."―The New York Times Book Review
The world's foremost critic of U.S. foreign policy exposes the hollow promises of democracy in American actions abroad―and at home.
The United States has repeatedly asserted its right to intervene militarily against "failed states" around the globe. In this much-anticipated follow-up to his international bestseller Hegemony or Survival, Noam Chomsky turns the tables, showing how the United States itself shares features with other failed states―suffering from a severe "democratic deficit," eschewing domestic and international law, and adopting policies that increasingly endanger its own citizens and the world. Exploring the developments in U.S. foreign and domestic policy, Chomsky reveals Washington's plans to further militarize the planet, greatly increasing the risks of nuclear war. He also assesses the dangerous consequences of the occupation of Iraq; documents Washington's self-exemption from international norms, including the Geneva conventions and the Kyoto Protocol; and examines how the U.S. electoral system is designed to eliminate genuine political alternatives, impeding any meaningful democracy.
Forceful, lucid, and meticulously documented, Failed States offers a comprehensive analysis of a global superpower that has long claimed the right to reshape other nations while its own democratic institutions are in severe crisis. Systematically dismantling the United States' pretense of being the world's arbiter of democracy, Failed States is Chomsky's most focused―and urgent―critique to date.
- Print length320 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- Publication dateJanuary 1, 2007
- Dimensions5.5 x 0.72 x 8.25 inches
- ISBN-100805082840
- ISBN-13978-0805082845
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About the Author
Excerpt. © Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.
The selection of issues that should rank high on the agenda of concern for human welfare and rights is, naturally, a subjective matter. But there are a few choices that seem unavoidable, because they bear so directly on the prospects for decent survival. Among them are at least these three: nuclear war, environmental disaster, and the fact that the government of the world's leading power is acting in ways that increase the likelihood of these catastrophes. It is important to stress the government, because the population, not surprisingly, does not agree. That brings up a fourth issue that should deeply concern Americans, and the world: the sharp divide between public opinion and public policy, one of the reasons for the fear, which cannot casually be put aside, that "the American 'system' as a whole is in real trouble--that it is heading in a direction that spells the end of its historic values [of] equality, liberty, and meaningful democracy."1
The "system" is coming to have some of the features of failed states, to adopt a currently fashionable notion that is conventionally applied to states regarded as potential threats to our security (like Iraq) or as needing our intervention to rescue the population from severe internal threats (like Haiti). Though the concept is recognized to be "frustratingly imprecise," some of the primary characteristics of failed states can be identified. One is their inability or unwillingness to protect their citizens from violence and perhaps even destruction. Another is their tendency to regard themselves as beyond the reach of domestic or international law, and hence free to carry out aggression and violence. And if they have democratic forms, they suffer from a serious "democratic deficit" that deprives their formal democratic institutions of real substance.2
Among the hardest tasks that anyone can undertake, and one of the most important, is to look honestly in the mirror. If we allow ourselves to do so, we should have little difficulty in finding the characteristics of "failed states" right at home. That recognition of reality should be deeply troubling to those who care about their countries and future generations. "Countries," plural, because of the enormous reach of US power, but also because the threats are not localized in space or time.
The first half of this book is devoted mostly to the increasing threat of destruction caused by US state power, in violation of international law, a topic of particular concern for citizens of the world dominant power, however one assesses the relevant threats. The second half is concerned primarily with democratic institutions, how they are conceived in the elite culture and how they perform in reality, both in "promoting democracy" abroad and shaping it at home.
The issues are closely interlinked, and arise in several contexts. In discussing them, to save excessive footnoting I will omit sources when they can easily be found in recent books of mine.3
Copyright © 2006 by Harry Chomsky, as Trustee of Chomsky Grandchildren Nominee Trust
Product details
- Publisher : Holt Paperbacks; First Edition (January 1, 2007)
- Language : English
- Paperback : 320 pages
- ISBN-10 : 0805082840
- ISBN-13 : 978-0805082845
- Item Weight : 9.6 ounces
- Dimensions : 5.5 x 0.72 x 8.25 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #140,300 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #151 in Democracy (Books)
- #158 in Political Corruption & Misconduct
- #378 in History & Theory of Politics
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About the author

Avram Noam Chomsky (/ˈnoʊm ˈtʃɒmski/; born December 7, 1928) is an American linguist, philosopher, cognitive scientist, historian, logician, social critic, and political activist. Sometimes described as "the father of modern linguistics", Chomsky is also a major figure in analytic philosophy, and one of the founders of the field of cognitive science. He has spent more than half a century at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), where he is Institute Professor Emeritus, and is the author of over 100 books on topics such as linguistics, war, politics, and mass media. Ideologically, he aligns with anarcho-syndicalism and libertarian socialism.
Bio from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Photo by https://www.flickr.com/photos/culturaargentina [CC BY-SA 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons.
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Customers find the book informative with valid points. It provides insights into a different way of thinking. However, opinions differ on readability - some find it great and easy to read, while others find the style disorganized and dense.
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Customers find the book informative and eye-opening. It provides useful ideas and information about what has gone wrong. Readers appreciate the great use of evidence and logic.
"This is one of Dr. Chomsky most accessible books, which I have successfully used in classes at the junior college level...." Read more
"...In general though the book is interesting reading and thought provoking, and encourages the reader to seek out more information on a particular topic..." Read more
"...an excellent book for any non-liberal to read as it provides insights into a mode of thinking to which I'm not accustom...." Read more
"...Depressing at times, but eye-opening in its wealth of detail and for sounding the alarm about what is happening now and how today has been built on..." Read more
Customers have different views on the book's readability. Some find it engaging and thought-provoking, refreshing memories of America's foreign policy. Others describe it as hard to read due to a disorganized style and dense content.
"...As usual the writing of the book is fantastically written and flows as well as a work of fiction...." Read more
"...In general though the book is interesting reading and thought provoking, and encourages the reader to seek out more information on a particular topic..." Read more
"Although the material contained in this book makes for tough reading, both for the sheer scope of information and for what it tells us about the "..." Read more
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Top reviews from the United States
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Enter the United States' resident dissenter, Noam Chomsky. In his work Failed States, Chomsky outlines the use of fear mongering the United States uses to excuse its geopolitical power plays. His thesis is pretty simple: The government and the media are not telling the true story. Both are using scare tactics to press up oil prices and continue American world hegemony. In fact, Chomsky goes as far to declare that the United States is moving toward a failed state as it is again and again ignores the consent of the governed to press geopolitical power politics.
The United States ignores International Law as it sees fit. Hence the fit over whether Iran followed the Geneva Convention, but the US open declaration that it does not have to because our enemies are unlawful combatants. While the United States has a constitutional requirement to follow international law (Art. 1, sec 8), to Chomsky the government is found wanting in this regard.
What moves Chomsky, as well, is the media's less than stellar record reporting to the American public. He lists a great number of polls that the media does not report. To report such polls "just wouldn't do." Most Americans support the Kyoto accords, believe the UN should have handled the post war Iraq and that the US should always follow international law.
The fact that the US does not do these things and that the media does not report them, places the US in a position where it may become a failed state. True or not, the myths of American intervention and political process that Chomsky challenges makes one think. As usual the writing of the book is fantastically written and flows as well as a work of fiction. I would not put this on the must read list, but way up on the second tier of your reading list.
The author is the guru of the political left, but since he has a scientific background he has attracted the attention of many readers who view themselves as being in the center of the political spectrum. He therefore has a wide audience, which would be even larger if he would not place so much trust in mainstream newspaper publications. The author incessantly speaks of the press as being the tool of the elite and as being an ally to government propaganda. However he references their articles without restraint, as if they were an authority on the events that they presume to cover. It is quite easy, even fashionable, to sit in an armchair and summarize what has been written in popular newspapers. It is quite another thing to get information from other sources that can act as a balance and countercheck. This is extremely difficult to do, even if you are "on the ground" in the geographical area of interest. In addition, the author should remember that he too is a member of society, and therefore is subject to the same biases and media pressures that everyone else is. He does not have an apodictic certainty about the events and history that he writes about. To refer to the "populace" as being something outside of oneself, and subjected to misleading doctrines beyond their control, is not justified or even fruitful for objective analysis.
The main goal of this book of course is to elaborate on the notion of a failed state, which as the author remarks, is a state that as a first requirement must be a potential threat to the security of the United States. Another requirement is that a failed state have a "deficit in democracy'. Still another is that it views itself as being outside the constraints of international law. And the author claims, perhaps without surprise, that the United States satisfies these requirements. This is a deep irony indeed, if one holds that the majority of Americans do in fact believe that they are "above it all" and are incapable of engaging in self-criticism.
The author asks the reader to look in the mirror and honestly assess whether the United States is approaching the status of a failed state. He offers a lot of evidence supporting this view throughout the book. But he also imputes intentions to government officials that would be difficult to verify. This mistake is a consequence of some of the vague, floating abstractions that sometimes arise in the book. The problem with abstraction and generalization is that it can sometimes lead to conceptual tyranny: it does not allow the classification of events or individuals outside of its borders, or even sometimes insists there are no borders. A good example of this is the author's insistence that moral truth must conform to the `principle of universality'. This he accepts without critical analysis, possibly because the abandoning of it would weaken his case on the inherent hypocrisy of American society. Indeed, abandoning this principle would allow the view of American culture as having some kind of "special status" and would leave open the possibility of its citizens being allowed to do as they please to other peoples of the world.
In general though the book is interesting reading and thought provoking, and encourages the reader to seek out more information on a particular topic. This is particularly true in the author's discussion on Israel, which is a country that is typically viewed by many in the Unites States as being benign or even heroic. The author though presents a view of Israel that is certainly a strong intellectual perturbation to this generally received view. His view of Israel is not a popular one, and if one repeats it in certain circles it will certainly raise an eyebrow, or even instigate retaliation and violence.
American society is deeply introspective but not self-critical. If this book can induce more healthy criticism it has done its job. If it merely preaches to the choir it has failed. It would be wrong to characterize American society as a failed state due to the actions of its government therefore. A good state is one where its citizens concern themselves with what is right and just, and act accordingly. A failed state is one whose citizens are pliant and easily manipulated. American society seems to be struggling with the idea of freedom and democracy, which is a supreme irony considering its history. The pragmatism of its citizens will no doubt win over the immoralities and criminal acts of its government.
Top reviews from other countries
5.0 out of 5 stars What an impressive vision of the world
5.0 out of 5 stars Noam Chomsky Provides A Fascinating Insight.
4.0 out of 5 stars Nice book!!
5.0 out of 5 stars Truthful, interesting, reality check
5.0 out of 5 stars Follow the leader
Hazrat Chomsky is very popular with Pakistani literati and for good reason, as he presents the other aspects of the momentous world events which together makes the story somewhat complete.
Consider the very obvious and rational argument, the top nation of the world, número uno country of the world, the mighty USA, misbehaving, openly flaunting, imperiously rejecting all international laws it expects rogue and terrorist nations of the world to follow. Trouble is, USA and its foreign policies are the main reason why countries like North Korea and Iran are in their current state, as every country in the world will consciously or subconsciously follow the leader, copying its every move and behaviours. Unfortunately for the world, USA will not change, why should it? Why change a strategy which has got it at the top slot. All the world has to do now is wait for an able contender for the throne. In the meantime writers like Chomsky will have a field day arguing to their lefty brothers. The book makes completing reading though.
Check for yourself.....
'International court jurisdiction has proven inappropriate for the United States.' Condoleeza Rice 2005.
International law and court judgments are fine, but only when they come out the right way. Anything else is inappropriate for the United States.
Why are the US nuclear facilities not open to IAEA like Iraq and Iran?
The US has the right to attack any country that it thinks could attack it first.
The logic of the annexation of Texas was essentially attributed to Saddam Hussain when he conquered Kuwait.
A large majority of US public believe that the US should accept the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court (ICC) and the World Court, sign the Kyoto protocols, allow the United Nations to take the lead in international crises, and rely on diplomatic and economic measures more than military ones in the 'war on terror'. ( A large scale survey conducted in the US by independent bodies).

