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Female Masculinity Paperback – January 9, 2019
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Through detailed textual readings as well as empirical research, Halberstam uncovers a hidden history of female masculinities while arguing for a more nuanced understanding of gender categories that would incorporate rather than pathologize them. He rereads Anne Lister's diaries and Radclyffe Hall's The Well of Loneliness as foundational assertions of female masculine identity; considers the enigma of the stone butch and the politics surrounding butch/femme roles within lesbian communities; and explores issues of transsexuality among “transgender dykes”—lesbians who pass as men—and female-to-male transsexuals who may find the label of “lesbian” a temporary refuge. Halberstam also tackles such topics as women and boxing, butches in Hollywood and independent cinema, and the phenomenon of male impersonators.
Featuring a new preface by the author, this twentieth anniversary edition of Female Masculinity remains as insightful, timely, and necessary as ever.
- Print length360 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherDuke University Press Books
- Publication dateJanuary 9, 2019
- Dimensions6.13 x 0.9 x 9.25 inches
- ISBN-101478001623
- ISBN-13978-1478001621
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Editorial Reviews
Review
“[R]efreshing . . . . Halberstam forces us to look at familiar texts and problems in fresh ways and leaves room for future scholarship to expand her critical insights. . . . [S]he has taken on a vast project and is clearly committed to sketching the contours of many possible approaches to female masculinity rather than dwelling on one or two . . . .[A]ccessible and enlightening . . . .”―Rachel Adams, GLQ
“A significant contribution to a growing genre of feminist analyses of masculinity. . . . Female Masculinity's greatest strength lies in its scope. . . . [It] should rank among our most important, sophisticated feminist analyses of the way maleness is constructed in Western culture. Because of its focus on specifically lesbian contributions to masculinity, Halberstam's book surpasses its predecessors in its special relevance to lesbian readers. Finally (and perhaps most importantly for Halberstam's peers), because of her book's attention to both popular and high art subjects, Female Masculinity is an important contribution to the growing field of Cultural Studies.”―Heather Findlay, Lesbian Review of Books
“Halberstam’s refusal to work within the ‘difference’ paradigm raises a series of exciting questions . . . . Female Masculinity takes on everything from eighteenth-century frictioners (tribades) to mustachioed drag kings like Mo B. Dick and Buster Hymen to transgender dykes. Halberstam argues convincingly that there has been persistent bias against masculine women in the lesbian community and in lesbian criticism. Moreover, she uses the example of the masculine woman to suggest that lesbians need a subtler vocabulary for sexuality and gender. . . .”―Heather Love, Transition
“In this landmark study, Halberstam consolidates her position as a key theorist within Queer scholarship. Female Masculinity is an immensely persuasive, powerfully-written text that imparts exciting and important theoretical ideas. It constitutes a valuable initial challenge to those in feminism and cultural studies who conflate masculinity with maleness, and offers an inspiring start for ongoing study.”―Maria Antoniou, Feminist Theory
"[A] unique offering in queer studies: a study of the masculine lesbian woman. Halberstam makes a compelling argument for a more flexible taxonomy of masculinity, including not only men, who have historically held the power in society, but also women who embody qualities that are usually associated with maleness, such as strength, authority, and independence."―Library Journal
"Halberstam’s book can be added to the list of important studies of masculinity and femininity. . . . Along with Judith Butler, Terry Castle, Sue-Ellen Case, and Eve K. Sedgwick, Halberstam—especially in her previous work on masculinity and lesbianism—is already established as one of the most thought-provoking voices in queer studies. This book will only enhance that reputation. Female Masculinity should find a wide readership. . . ."―Choice
"Judith Halberstam’s Female Masculinity is truly a pioneering document which disrupts eras of silence surrounding this topic. . . . [S]he crafts her language in a very inviting and accessible manner. She is clearly trying to be understood, which is a refreshing change from too many academic works. In addition, she infuses humor and little personal preferences or irritations (mostly through colorful adjective choices) into the middle of serious analysis, which makes the whole academic process more interesting and less elusive. . . . Whether you agree or disagree with her choices, the ideas are definitely stimulating. It is a book you’ll want to sit down with your friends and talk about. You find yourself overjoyed at one moment that someone has finally written down exactly what you’ve felt but haven’t been able to articulate, and in the next moment irritated because you think she’s mistaken. It is essentially an opening to the major taboo of masculinity in women . . . . [T]he genuine enthusiasm she brings to her research is catchy and this book could very well be the catalyst for expanding a whole field of thought. And, on a personal level, it simply affirms our lives and ideas."―Gay and Lesbian Times (San Diego)
"Judith Halberstam’s new book, Female Masculinity, is an extraordinary and studied work that carefully presents an analysis of gender, and more specifically, masculinity, without over-simplification or narrow definition. . . . This is the most thorough and broad-visioned work on female masculinity that I have yet seen. Halberstam’s work is an essential contribution to our increasing understanding of gender expression and its relationship to biology and sexual orientation, as well as to everything else."―Lambda Book Report
"There is a need for this book; Halberstam’s analysis offers the reader a fresh and positive spin on the much maligned stone butch figure, for example, and the book contains an interesting selection of photos of drag kings, transgender, and butch women. There are long sections detailing butch characters in film and modern drag performers, an area on which little has been written."―Siren
"Female Masculinity is a full-on attack on the idea that masculinity is exclusively—or even primarily—the property of men. . . . [It] aims to help restore a sense of butch pride, and to validate the entitlement of women to their own masculinity. . . . There’s an interesting defense of the stone butch, more often cast as a damaged and dysfunctional figure, and a walk along the debated borders between butch lesbians and female to male transsexuals. An accessible chapter on butch representation in film observes the emasculation of butches in mainstream productions—Fried Green Tomatoes, Desert Hearts—and there’s a useful analysis of what’s at stake in the drag king club acts in America and the UK. . . . [This is] the first full-length study in a crucial area and it’s a great starting point."―Diva
Review
From the Publisher
About the Author
Product details
- Publisher : Duke University Press Books; Twentieth Anniversary edition (January 9, 2019)
- Language : English
- Paperback : 360 pages
- ISBN-10 : 1478001623
- ISBN-13 : 978-1478001621
- Item Weight : 1.12 pounds
- Dimensions : 6.13 x 0.9 x 9.25 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #258,086 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #339 in LGBTQ+ Demographic Studies
- #505 in General Gender Studies
- #760 in Literary Criticism & Theory
- Customer Reviews:
About the author

J. Jack Halberstam is the author of "Gaga Feminism: Sex, Gender, and the End of Normal" (Beacon Press, 2012), along with four other books, including "Female Masculinity" and "In a Queer Time and Place." Currently a professor of English and gender studies and director of the Center for Feminist Research at the University of Southern California, Halberstam regularly speaks on queer culture, gender studies, and popular culture, and blogs at The Bully Bloggers.
Photo Credit: Assaf Evron, 2012.
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- Reviewed in the United States on February 23, 2024I had a terrible experience ordering 'Vivienne Westwood: An Unfashionable Life' from Amazon. It was a poor-quality print that started on page 29 where page 1 should have been. My copy of 'Female Masculinity' came with the same flimsy cover so I was worried it was that situation all over again, but the content inside is good. Really excited to read this
- Reviewed in the United States on August 27, 2020This book is incredible, and I really mean incredible. I would recommend this to butch women, non-binary individuals, trans men, trans women, lesbians, straight, bisexual, everyone! I had no idea that I had such an outdated view of what female masculinity was, and this book helped me realize that as well as figure out how it got that way. I want everyone I know to read this book!
- Reviewed in the United States on September 2, 2014Excellent treatise on an invisible subject. A little outdated, but still a seminal work.
- Reviewed in the United States on March 30, 2015A great read, Jack is a spectacular and seminal queer theorist. However, I really wish that Jack had made more space for female masculinity in a heterosexual space in this book. Obviously, there is something inherently queer about "female masculinity" but as a gender theorist and a self identified masculine female who is very much sexually attracted to men, I find myself continually frustrated by the equation of female masculinity with attraction to women. Of course there's also the fact that Jack's writing is informed by personal experience in queer communities. But really, such a frustrating elision.
- Reviewed in the United States on March 26, 2011Essential reading for anyone studying gender theory, cultural studies, or LGBT studies. Halberstam's writing is very clear and easy to understand while being incredibly insightful and brilliant. Book is filled with really insightful cultural analysis (films, books, etc) as well as related images. A valuable resource for further study. Undoubtedly theoretical in nature, but very readable, I would highly recommend this text.
- Reviewed in the United States on March 15, 2020The author states in the preface that she was a masculine girl and is a masculine woman. She also states that in the ten years prior to writing this book she has, “turned stigma into strength.” That’s exactly what the 90s were all about for tomboy, androgynous and masculine girls/women!
The book is not about female masculinity as the title implies. It exclusively addresses masculine lesbianism. Oddly, the author waits until p.57 to inform readers that when it comes to discussing masculine heterosexual women,..”it is not within the scope of this book...”
In its more than 300 pages, I expected the book to document historical challenges to sex stereotypes that brought Western society to where it was in the late 90s - the wide distribution of personalities, styles, mannerisms and presentations observed in women. And while the most masculine and most feminine types would certainly be found toward the tails of the distribution, they’re still very much part of the female distribution. I’m not certain the author of this book would acknowledge that.
While historical masculinities of females were discussed, their identities were defined by same-sex relationships. And the women who loved them were subtly depicted as docile; they were merely available for attention but without a sexual orientation of their own. The author seems to interpret some of these historical masculine women as not actually women - yikes! She reinforces sex stereotypes (clothing, nick names, occupational interests, etc) by using them as evidence that these masculine women may be something else. But what else could they be?
There’s an entire chapter on Transgender FTM which seems to mimic Inversion- a theory born in the late 1800s, explaining homosexuality among masculine females and feminine males. Inversion theory suggested an inborn reversal of traits. In other words- those who embody stereotypes of the opposite sex AND are also homosexual must have an inborn error. Inversion theory is similar to current day transgenderism which espouses a born-in-the-wrong-body mantra. Sadly, the wide range of female expression achieved by the late 90s was almost instantaneously eroded by a distinctly modern combination: off-label use of synthetic male hormones on females plus new technologies to mass promote this use.
The Butches on Film chapter pushed me to watch as many of the mentioned films as I could. Because of this, I’m now a fan of old movies and will be forever grateful.
Overall, it is not the positive message I was expecting for masculine females of any & all orientations. The author’s “stigma into strength” is hard to locate in chapter after chapter of masculine lesbian life depicted as sad and melancholic. At times, the author’s disagreement with other’s writings gets a bit snarky by assigning malicious intent where there is none. There’s also a tendency to “decode” hidden racism among benign works. The book’s organization is great. The Filmography and Index sections are a superb resource.
- Reviewed in the United States on April 10, 2012This is a ground-breaking academic book. When I purchased this book at amazon.com, I was worried that it would not reach me before my departure from the USA. Fortunately, it reached me as scheduled. I love this book, for it enables me to know more about American culture, which, by the way,to be frank, is sometimes confusing.
- Reviewed in the United States on June 4, 2016Fantastic book. Has relevance to so much and I am able to use it in many of my women's studies classes.
Top reviews from other countries
CamReviewed in Canada on July 13, 20235.0 out of 5 stars Great
Interesting read. Shame plus female masculinity equals exploitable bodies for pharma gender experiments.
SusanReviewed in the United Kingdom on October 13, 20234.0 out of 5 stars Easier to read than I imagined
I read up to page 110 including the bit about the methodology of looking at the history of the last 200 years of feminine masculinity. It was very interesting, fascinating and informative and very clever and deep. It is a rebellious book because it uses a multidisciplinary approach.
It’s a lot easier to read than I expected.
It’s good to know that people are thinking about these things and thinking about them deeply.
Reading some highbrow books I have to make sure I understand every sentence otherwise I just get more lost whereas in this book when I didn’t grasp a sentence the following sentences explained it more fully with examples. (But that doesn’t work if it is the last sentence in the paragraph. 🤣🤣)
Life is such a rich tapestry. And with so many unfulfilled desires, frustrations and suffering.
I look at things through a different lens now I’ve read this book.







