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Financial Fine Print: Uncovering a Company's True Value Hardcover – July 25, 2003
| Michelle Leder (Author) Find all the books, read about the author, and more. See search results for this author |
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Financial Fine Print: Uncovering a Company’s True Value lets individual investors in on the secrets that seasoned professional investors use when they evaluate a potential investment. Buried deep in a company’s quarterly (10-Q) and annual (10-K) reports are the real clues to a company’s financial health: the footnotes. At many large companies, these footnotes can run for more than 30 pages and for some corporations have doubled in the past five years, making them simply too important for investors to ignore.
Financial Fine Print spells out exactly what investors need to look for within the footnotes of a company’s reports in order to make better, more informed decisions. By using numerous examples of actual footnotes that have appeared in SEC documents, the book teaches investors in easy-to-understand language ways to spot – and avoid – future Enrons and Worldcoms (and Tycos and Adelphias and HealthSouths). For any investor who has spent the past three years watching their investments shrink and has begun to think about getting back into the market, this book provides the critical tools that investors need to know to avoid getting burned once again.
- Print length256 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherWiley
- Publication dateJuly 25, 2003
- Dimensions6.3 x 0.77 x 9.15 inches
- ISBN-100471433470
- ISBN-13978-0471433477
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Editorial Reviews
Review
"It's beautifully written, combining both warmth and clarity, and as easy to read as it is to understand." (Better Investing Magazine, October 2003)
"The Financial Fine Print here is readable, useful and potentially profitable!" (Barron's Magazine, December 1, 2003)
"In my opinion "Financial Fine Print" is a must-read for any investor who wants to pick his or her own stocks." (Pittsburgh Tribune, December 21, 2003)
"With a book as indispensable as this, there's no...excuse to avoid wading into the thicket of footnotes before making financial decisions." (Better Investing Magazine, December 2003)
"Financial Fine Print: Uncovering a Company's True Value is one of the most informative books ever written for investors" (From the Foreword by Thornton "Ted" Oglove)
From the Inside Flap
Prudent investors want the whole story, not just the rose-colored version of events that managers tend to portray. Yet how do you uncover it, given the huge amount of available information? The trick is simply knowing where and how to look.
Financial Fine Print is a great place to start. Written by veteran financial journalist Michelle Leder, this book lays bare the accounting tricks companies use to whitewash their numbers. Using a clear, no-nonsense style and pointing out numerous scandals and red flags, Leder sheds light on the most obscure yet most essential aspect of annual reports and SEC filings: the footnotes.
With the knowledge and techniques detailed in Financial Fine Print, youll learn:
- Why one number buried deep within the pension footnote can speak volumes about whether the companys other numbers are trustworthy
- What sorts of insider transactions investors need to pay close attention to
- Where companies tend to hide their debt and other obligations
- How some companies seem to take "special" charges every quarter and how that impacts the bottom line
- When to avoid a stock because the red flags are simply too numerous
"Too many companies would prefer that you not read the footnotes," notes former SEC Chairman Arthur Levitt. "That should be incentive enough to delve into them." As investor skepticism builds and the specters of Enron, Worldcom, Adelphia, and Global Crossing loom large, companies trying to prove themselves above-board have added more footnotes and documentation than ever to their reporting. This makes learning the lessons of Financial Fine Print all the more important. Because the simple fact is that if you want to own individual stocks, you need to do your homework.
From the Back Cover
Herb Greenberg, Columnist, TheStreet.com and Fortune magazine
"Obfuscators beware! Michelle Leder has cracked the code. In this invaluable guide to combing the footnotes of financial statements for indicators of accounting tricks and attempts to hide the bad news needles in a haystack of numbers. This is a clear, sensible, and, above all, practical guide that will be indispensable for anyone who invests in, does business with, or works for a corporation."
Nell Minow, Editor, The Corporate Library
"Too many companies would prefer that you not read the footnotes," observes former SEC chairman Arthur Levitt. "That should be incentive enough to delve into them." In fact, not only do companies prefer you ignore the details they are required to reportthe pesky particulars on exactly how they account for those whopping earningsthey take calculated steps to make this information as hard as possible to understand. But for those who know how to look, the facts that predict a companys true prospects are usually hidden in plain sight.
Financial Fine Print gives you the tools you need to break down annual reports and SEC filings, make sense of the deliberately cryptic language of footnotes, and get the real goods on a potential investment.
To make money in todays tough market, investors have to make deliberate, well-researched choices. To do this requires not only having the right information, but also knowing how to decode it. With their obscuring tactics, companies wont help you any. So be advised: those who would help themselvesand expect to profitshould get down to the nitty-gritty of Financial Fine Print.
About the Author
Product details
- Publisher : Wiley; 1st edition (July 25, 2003)
- Language : English
- Hardcover : 256 pages
- ISBN-10 : 0471433470
- ISBN-13 : 978-0471433477
- Item Weight : 15.8 ounces
- Dimensions : 6.3 x 0.77 x 9.15 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #1,994,645 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #368 in Valuation (Books)
- #1,535 in Financial Accounting (Books)
- #13,628 in Investing (Books)
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Much to my disappointment, this book provided very little help. Many of the chapters were filled with "fluff," discussing trivial details about the history of SEC regulation and not getting to the main points. After reading through entire chapters, only a few (sometimes obvious) financial red flags were covered.
A major problem is that the author does not distinguish between financial chicanery and benign transactions. Particularly the chapters on CEO perks and off-balance sheet entities leave the reader more cognizant of such items, but without any clue how to react to them. Not every company with an off-balance sheet arrangement is on the brink of an Enron-like crisis, but the author might lead you to assume so. With so many references to Enron and Quest, the entire book seems to be written to cash in on their collapse.
I'm not sure what audience this book was written for, whether the author was targeting uninformed home gamers or investors with intermediate/advanced stock market knowledge. It seems to be aimed towards the murky middle of both crowds.
The bottom line is that this book might carry some merit for retail investors just getting their feet wet when it comes to 10-K's. Some of the information may be handy depending on your knowledge level. This is one of those books that you will either love it or hate it.
The book is organized around the topics mentioned above, albeit with racier chapter headings (Pensions in Wonderland, Optical Illusions). No order of importance is assigned to the different hot spots, which likely is correct. It is not the size of the cockroach but the number of them that would signal hidden garbage. Again it is crucial to note that forensic accounting rarely means detecting outright fraud but mainly about interpreting a company’s real business behavior through the language of its accounts. Earnings purity often means business purity. “If you had the right numbers on your income statement, you didn’t need as many footnotes”. In this sense, merely utilizing the red flags identified in the book can give you valuable hints.
But too often, Financial Fine Print falls into the “tabloid trap” of how to discover the next Enron. These events are thankfully rare species and by promoting this angle books and articles do their investor-readers a disservice. Instead, an even bigger part could have been spent on the theme of longevity of accounting information. “The idea, in this age of real-time numbers and analysis, that something like a 10-K could still be useful six months after its release is an important one to think about. Many investors tend to approach investing like the 100-yard dash, where speed is everything. But sometimes the tortoise can really beat the hare”. Especially, one might add, if everyone trains to be a hare.
Financial Fine Print is very much linked to Thornton O’glove's Quality of Earnings, both spiritually and literally. O’glove has written the foreword to the book and the author explicitly states the inspirational aspect of Quality of Earnings. But while the latter was written with the benefit of over 20 years of experience, Financial Fine Print comes from almost the opposite angle. Subsequent to the publishing, Leder followed in the footsteps of O’glove and started a professional newsletter called Footnoted* which analyzes and highlights companies with question marks in their filings.
And in the name of division of labor, it is a needed service in an increasingly headline-dominant world. Indeed, reading footnotes takes time, is of asymmetrical usage and demands an intense focus. From experience, even going through the footnotes in the last three annual reports of an American company widely viewed as a “straight shooter” took 4-5 hours. Reading the entire 10-Ks took two full days. Regulations and the cult of shareholder value maximization have rendered these filings into monsters. But some are soldiering on. “I want those Ks and Qs read from the back. If you go to one less [overcrowded] analyst conference in order to sit in your office reading footnotes and asking tough questions about what those footnotes do and don’t say, you’re going to be much more likely to catch the next problem” (J. Thomas Madden, Federated Investors).
Signing the Sarbanes-Oxley into law, George W. Bush said: “This law says to shareholders that the financial information you receive from a company will be true and reliable”. Let’s just say we are not quite there yet, even with the noughties’ second meltdown and its own tombstone in form of The Volcker Act. Will we ever get there? Not until they take the “Capital” out of Modern Capital Markets. “They’ll never be able to legislate against dishonesty.”
So if only to add some protective coatings to your investor armour, you could do a lot worse than reading Financial Fine Print. But an even better layer is provided by Quality of Earnings.
This is a review by investingbythebooks.com
Firstly, I completely disagree with the subtitle of the book: "Uncovering a Company's True Value" as it is misleading. Gaining information from Ms. Leder's book will not result in uncovering a company's **true** value. The book will allow the novice or untrained Analysts / PMs to focus on areas that may shed more light on the company's financial operating results, financial condition, and/or cash flow generating abilities. However, such cursory coverage of said materials is insufficient to arrive at a company's **true** value.
Secondly, the writer fails to fully understand the analytics related to a majority of the subject matters. Allow me to use Chapter 8 that addresses off-balance obligations. On page 133, the writer describes a "Synthetic Lease" but fails to explain or differentiate the lease from any other FASB #13 operating lease. Second, on page 130, the writer tries to educate the reader on the importance of off-balance liabilities with the following remark: "... is to imagine how your bank account balance would improve if you didn't have to account for the monthly mortgage payment." However, her example is faulty and dangerously misleading. If a company has an off-balance sheet operating lease, the reader ought to see the rental (or lease) expense in the income statement. Had the company chose to own the asset outright, the reader would see depreciation (and possibly interest) expense in lieu of the rental expense, other things being equal. That is to if someone didn't account for his "monthly mortgage payment," then common sense would dictate that someone is "renting" his place.
Lastly, the writer tries to add credibility to her work by randomly inserting quotes from a limited number of "experts," that tends to get recycled through-out the book. While some of the people mentioned in the book are highly respected in the industry (i.e. Pat McConnell and David Zion), it was disappointing to find out Ms. Leder did not interview some of the leading researchers from the accounting academia. In fairness, Ms. Leder did provide some accounting research, albeit woefully inadequate for a book of this scope.
In summary, Ms. Leder's book is great for a novice who wants to understand the role footnotes play in financial statement analysis. However, her book was over-hyped for the more experienced or serious students of financial statement analysis.
Top reviews from other countries
This book would have been perfect for me if it has abbreviations/glossary at the back.
Excellent investment and it will be in my library of favourite books.








