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The First American: The Life and Times of Benjamin Franklin Paperback – March 12, 2002

by H. W. Brands (Author)

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PULITZER PRIZE FINALIST • Benjamin Franklin, perhaps the pivotal figure in colonial and revolutionary America, comes vividly to life in this “thorough biography of ... America’s first Renaissance man” (The Washington Post).

"The authoritative Franklin biography for our time.” —Joseph J. Ellis, author of the Pulitzer Prize-winning Founding Brothers

Wit, diplomat, scientist, philosopher, businessman, inventor, and bon vivant, Benjamin Franklin's "life is one every American should know well, and it has not been told better than by Mr. Brands" (The Dallas Morning News). From penniless runaway to highly successful printer, from ardently loyal subject of Britain to architect of an alliance with France that ensured America’s independence, Franklin went from obscurity to become one of the world’s most admired figures, whose circle included the likes of Voltaire, Hume, Burke, and Kant.

Drawing on previously unpublished letters and a host of other sources, acclaimed historian H. W. Brands has written a thoroughly engaging biography of the eighteenth-century genius. A much needed reminder of Franklin’s greatness and humanity, The First Americanis a work of meticulous scholarship that provides a magnificent tour of a legendary historical figure, a vital era in American life, and the countless arenas in which the protean Franklin left his legacy.

Print length

784 pages
Language

English
Publisher

Anchor
Publication date

March 12, 2002
Dimensions

5.17 x 1.24 x 7.97 inches
ISBN-10

0385495404
ISBN-13

978-0385495400
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Editorial Reviews

Review

“H.W Brands has given us the authoritative Franklin biography for out time.” —Joseph J. Ellis author of the Pulitzer Prize-winning Founding Brothers

“Like its subject, this biography is both solid and enchanting.” —The New Yorker

“[A] biography with a rich cast of secondary characters and a large and handsome stock of historical scenery. . . . Brands writes clearly and confidently about the full spectrum of the polymath’s interests. . . . This is a Franklin to savor.” —The Wall Street Journal

“Benjamin Franklin’s life is one every American should know well, and it has not been told better than by Mr. Brands.” —The Dallas Morning News

“A vivid portrait of the 18th-century milieu and of the 18th-century man. . . . [Brands is] a master storyteller.” —The Christian Science Monitor

“A thorough biography of Benjamin Franklin, America’s first Renaissance man. . . . In graceful, even witty prose. . . . Brands relates the entire, dense-packed life.” —The Washington Post

“A lively re-introduction to Franklin. . . . Rich in the descriptions of settings, personalities, and action. . . . [Brands] offers . . . a succession of amusing anecdotes and vivid tales.” —The New Republic

“Comprehensive, lively. . . . [Brands] is a skilled narrator who believes in making good history accessible to the non-specializing book lover, and the general reader can read this book with sustained enjoyment.” —The Boston Globe

From the Back Cover

He was the foremost American of his day, yet today he is little more than a mythic caricature in the public imagination. Benjamin Franklin, perhaps "the pivotal figure in colonial and revolutionary America, comes vividly to life in this masterly biography.
Wit, diplomat, scientist, philosopher, businessman, inventor, and bon vivant, Benjamin Franklin was in every respect America's first Renaissance man. From penniless runaway to highly successful printer, from ardently loyal subject of Britain to architect of an alliance with France that ensured America's independence, Franklin went from obscurity to become one of the world's most admired figures, whose circle included the likes of Voltaire, Hume, Burke, and Kant. Drawing on previously unpublished letters and a host of other sources, acclaimed historian H. W. Brands has written a thoroughly engaging biography of the eighteenth-century genius. A much needed reminder of Franklin's greatness and humanity, The First American" is a work of meticulous scholarship that provides a magnificent tour of a legendary historical figure, a vital era in American life, and the countless arenas in which the protean Franklin left his legacy.

About the Author

H. W. BRANDS holds the Jack S. Blanton Sr. Chair in History at the University of Texas at Austin. A New York Times bestselling author, he was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize in biography for The First American and Traitor to His Class.

Excerpt. © Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.

A lesser man would have been humiliated.
Humiliation was the purpose of the proceeding.
It was the outcome eagerly anticipated by the lords of the Privy Council who constituted the official audience, by the members of the House of Commons and other fashionable Londoners who packed the room and hung on the rails of the balcony, by the London press that lived on scandal and milled outside to see how this scandal would unfold, by the throngs that bought the papers, savored the scandals, rioted in favor of their heroes and against their villains, and made politics in the British imperial capital often unpredictable, frequently disreputable, always entertaining. The proceeding today would probably be disreputable. It would certainly be entertaining.
The venue was fitting: the Cockpit. In the reign of Henry VIII, that most sporting of monarchs in a land that loved its bloody games, the building on this site had housed an actual cockpit, where Henry and his friends brought their prize birds and wagered which would tear the others to shreds. The present building had replaced the real cockpit, but this room retained the old name and atmosphere. The victim today was expected to depart with his reputation in tatters, his fortune possibly forfeit, his life conceivably at peril.
Nor was that the extent of the stakes. Two days earlier the December packet ship from Boston had arrived with an alarming report from the royal governor of Massachusetts, Thomas Hutchinson. The governor described an organized assault on three British vessels carrying tea of the East India Company. The assailants, townsmen loosely disguised as Indians, had boarded the ships, hauled hundreds of tea casks to deck, smashed them open, and dumped their contents into the harbor forty-five tons of tea, enough to litter the beaches for miles and depress the company's profits for years. This rampage was the latest in a series of violent outbursts against the authority of Crown and Parliament; the audience in the Cockpit, and in London beyond, demanded to know what Crown and Parliament intended to do about it.
Alexander Wedderburn was going to tell them. The solicitor general possessed great rhetorical gifts and greater ambition. The former had made him the most feared advocate in the realm; the latter lifted him to his present post when he abandoned his allies in the opposition and embraced the ministry of Lord North. Wedderburn was known to consider the Boston tea riot treason, and if the law courts upheld his interpretagtion, those behind the riot would be liable to the most severe sanctions, potentially including death. Wedderburn was expected to argue that the man in the Cockpit today was the prime mover behind the outburst in Boston. The crowd quivered with anticipation.
They all knew the man in the pit; indeed, the whole world knew Benjamin Franklin. His work as political agent for several of the American colonies had earned him recognition around London, but his fame far transcended that. He was, quite simply, one of the most illustrious scientists and thinkers on earth. His experiments with electricity, culminating in his capture of lightning from the heavens, had won him universal praise as the modern Prometheus. His mapping of the Gulf Stream saved the time and lives of countless sailors. His ingenious fireplace conserved fuel and warmed homes on both sides of the Atlantic. His contributions to economics, meteorology, music, and psychology expanded the reach of human knowledge and the grip of human power. For his accomplishments the British Royal Society had awarded him its highest prize; foreign societies had done the same. Universities queued to grant him degrees. The ablest minds of the age consulted him on matters large and small. Kings and emperors summoned him to court, where they admired his brilliance and basked in its reflected glory.
Genius is prone to producing envy. Yet it was part of Franklin's genius that he had produced far less than his share, due to an unusual ability to disarm those disposed to envy. In youth he discovered that he was quicker of mind and more facile of pen than almost everyone he met; he also discovered that a boy of humble birth, no matter how gifted, would block his own way by letting on that he knew how smart he was. He learned to deflect credit for some of his most important innovations. He avoided arguments wherever possible; when important public issues hinged on others' being convinced of their errors, he often argued anonymously, adopting assumed names, or Socratically, employing the gentle questioning of the Greek master. He became almost as famous for his sense of humor as for his science; laughing, his opponents listened and were persuaded.
Franklin's self-effacing style succeeded remarkably; at sixty-eight he had almost no personal enemies and comparatively few political enemies for a man of public affairs. But those few included powerful figures. George Grenville, the prime minister responsible for the Stamp Act, the tax bill that triggered all the American troubles, never forgave him for single-handedly demolishing the rationale for the act in a memorable session before the House of Commons.
Grenville and his allies lay in wait to exact their revenge on Franklin. Yet he never made a false step. Until now. A mysterious person had delivered into his hands confidential letters from Governor Hutchinson and other royal officials in Massachusetts addressed to an undersecretary of state in London. These letters cast grave doubt on the bona fides of Hutchinson, for years the bête noire of the Massachusetts assembly. As Massachusetts's agent, Franklin had forwarded the letters to friends in Boston. Hutchinson's enemies there got hold of the letters and published them.
The publication provoked an instant uproar. In America the letters were interpreted as part of a British plot to enslave the colonies; the letters fueled the anger that inspired the violence that produced the Boston tea riot. In England the letters provoked charges and countercharges as to who could have been so dishonorable as to steal and publish private correspondence. A duel at swords left one party wounded and bothparties aching for further satisfaction; only at this point--to prevent more bloodshed--did Franklin reveal his role in
transmitting the letters.
His foes seized the chance to destroy him. Since that session in Commons eight years before, he had become the symbol and spokesman in London of American resistance to the sovereignty of Parliament; on his head would be visited all the wrath and resentment that had been building in that proud institution from the time of the Stamp Act to the tea riot. Alexander Wedderburn sharpened his tongue and moved in for the kill.
None present at the Cockpit on January 29, 1774, could afterward recall the like of the hearing that day. The solicitor general outdid himself. For an hour he hurled invective at Franklin, branding him a liar, a thief, the instigator of the insurrection in Massachusetts, an outcast from the company of all honest men, an ingrate whose attack on Hutchinson betrayed nothing less than a desire to seize the governor's office for himself. So slanderous was Wedderburn's diatribe that no London paper would print it. But the audience reveled in it, hooting and applauding each sally, each bilious bon mot. Not even the lords of the Privy Council attempted to disguise their delight at Wedderburn's astonishing attack. Almost to a man and a woman, the spectators that day concluded that Franklin's reputation would never recover. Ignominy, if not prison or worse, was his future now.

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Product details

Publisher ‏ : ‎ Anchor; Reprint edition (March 12, 2002)
Language ‏ : ‎ English
Paperback ‏ : ‎ 784 pages
ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 0385495404
ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0385495400
Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 0.043 ounces
Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 5.17 x 1.24 x 7.97 inches

Best Sellers Rank: #17,713 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #37 in U.S. Colonial Period History
- #64 in American Revolution Biographies (Books)
- #80 in Scientist Biographies

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H. W. Brands

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H.W. Brands taught at Texas A&M University for sixteen years before joining the faculty at the University of Texas at Austin, where he is the Dickson Allen Anderson Centennial Professor of History. His books include Traitor to His Class, Andrew Jackson, The Age of Gold, The First American, and TR. Traitor to His Class and The First American were finalists for the Pulitzer Prize.

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Daniel Putman

The Renaissance American - The superbly written life of Ben Franklin

Reviewed in the United States on November 8, 2015

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In his late 70’s, Franklin was the point man after the Revolutionary War for the three-cornered peace negotiations between England, France and the new United States. After years of this arduous work, Franklin was able to get back to what he loved – ideas, science, and inventions. He became increasingly irritated by having to change glasses when he read and when he looked at objects at a distance. So he took a pair of each set of glasses to his lens maker and told him to cut each in half and put the two halves together so the close reading was in the lower half and distance was in the upper half. It worked beautifully and the septuagenarian had invented bifocals. These two events – the delicate, careful and precise negotiations between individuals and nations and the invention of a simple but amazingly helpful device – embody the life of this truly incredible man. Brands’ biography catches the creative genius, the playfulness, the brilliant grasp of the English language, and the unique character of Benjamin Franklin.

Ten years ago I read Walter Isaacson’s biography of Franklin. It is very good. But Brands’ biography is 200 pages longer and there is no “filler.” There is more detail here and with Franklin the details are fascinating. Those details are often taken from his letters and writings. Brands knows when to interpolate primary source material and when not to. The writing is extremely smooth. The irony and light humor in so much of Franklin’s writing is also the way Brands writes this book. There are moments of genuine warmth and humor and, with Franklin, moments of a very human ribaldry such as his offer as a spry septuagenarian to Madame Brillon in Paris of his “beautiful, big horses.” Franklin’s relationship to his son William (who, as Royal governor of New Jersey, remained loyal to Britain) is spelled out here in detail and was much more complicated than I previously knew. Brands does a fine job of describing the early Franklin, his profession in printing and how that affected the rest of his life. Brands also points out in some detail Franklin’s arguments with the Penns and later his strained relationship with John Adams in France. The book is filled with fascinating tidbits of American history as experienced through the life of this unique human being. It is an excellent biography – intellectually stimulating, easy to follow, and completely enjoyable. I highly recommend it for anyone interested in American history.

67 people found this helpful

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Peter M. Beck

A Wonderful Biography of Our Greatest Founding Father

Reviewed in the United States on February 10, 2019

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Benjamin Franklin was not just the "The First American." He was also America's first diplomat and global thought leader. He was a man of science, letters and virtue, becoming an abolitionist later in life. Without his cajoling of the French government for financial and military support, it is quite possible the American Revolution would have failed. His last major public act was to forge the compromise that led to the ratification of the U.S. Constitution.

Having just read Ron Chernow's "Washington," that book invariably became my frame of reference for "The First American." Ben and George's paths crossed only a handful of times, but they had great admiration for one another. They thus provide very different perspectives on the Revolution. Brands provides a strong and engaging narrative, but for every brilliant turn of phrase, there was a head-scratching awkward one. Here's a late example: "Franklin preferred philosophy, but diplomacy insisted." ??? My only other complaint is that Brands did not include any pictures (unlike Isacson's significantly shorter biography).

Overall, Brands does a wonderful job of showing how Franklin's long, fruitful and fascinating life can provide inspiration to one and all.

17 people found this helpful

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tolarjev

Excellent book about an extraordinary man

Reviewed in the United States on November 22, 2018

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Superior writing and fascinating. I was daunted by its 700 pages, but I’ve emerged much more knowledgeable about the 18th century and Benjamin Franklin. How did the U.S. pull off the revolution? It appears the odds were stacked against it. Franklin deserves his fame in triplicate. I’m not sure anyone has ever been more influential and irreplaceable. The man was like a brilliant Forest Gump: in the midst of the important events, and rather than inventing a smiley face, inventing countless items to improve our lives from stoves to bifocals.

7 people found this helpful

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Devilodg1969

The self made American Monument

Reviewed in the United States on June 15, 2022

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Benjamin Franklin was truly the first American, traveling in his eighty four years from British subject to American. From Tradesman to scientist to politician to diplomat… Prof. Brand does a wonderful job of bring Franklin to life, by the time the book was through I felt I knew Franklin.

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Masterpiece.

Reviewed in the United States on September 5, 2002

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H.W. Brands has done a splendid job researching Franklin for this engrossing biography about the most influential American of his time. (I suppose it would be wise to add that 'his time' was just slightly before Washington's, a fact that no doubt prevented him from becoming the first President. Insofar as 'most influential' goes, he was, at least in terms of European matters, the only American of great influence during the Revolutionary period. But I digress....). What makes the book so readable, aside from the subject himself, is the wry wit of the author, deftly inserted so as not to intrude upon the readers' relationship with Mr. Franklin. Lastly, I must tell you that the book is not filled with only worship and praise; it is quite evenhanded and certainly points out some of the (dare I say) weaknesses in Franklin's character. All in all, this is one of those books you'll be glad you bought in hardcover.

4 people found this helpful

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SanNic44

Benjamin "Renaissance Man" Franklin

Reviewed in the United States on September 14, 2008

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H.W. Brands does a fantastic job of portraying Benjamin Franklin as the Renaissance Man that he was. From the first page, you meet someone who understands the world, people, and his own place in it. Brands does not skimp on material, going back to the setting before Franklin's birth all the way to his last day. Every page is worth the time as this biography is both readable, interesting, and packed with relevant contextual information. No matter your nationality, you'll find Franklin a character not only of great sensibility but humility and kindness as well. These are rare traits in people who found countries, supervise revolutions, and leave a legacy of inventions. Nonetheless, Brands shows us that Franklin was the rarest of people.

2 people found this helpful

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Basketball45

Outstanding!

Reviewed in the United States on April 12, 2022

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A readable, concise read of an interesting man who led a fascinating life. Very much to learn in reading it.

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Daniel Kolasinski

Comprehensive & Entertaining

Reviewed in the United Kingdom on August 6, 2013

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You certainly get value for money with this book as the author covers Franklin's life in excellent detail. Despite Franklin being a perfect biographical subject he was involved in a political world that could be inaccessible to the general (UK) reader. In my opinion, the author pitches these sections of the book perfectly as to make them interesting and very readable - Please don't worry that this is merely a political biography as Franklin's interests were too diverse to let that happen.

As someone pretty ignorant of the subject, I particularly enjoyed learning about Franklin's involvement in US Independence and as a result am prompted to read further on this period of US history.

This was one of the best biographies I have read and would recommend it to anyone interested in learning about the life and times of one of history's greatest characters. I will also be reading more from the author, H.W Brands.

8 people found this helpful

Carolus

Brilliant. Why has Franklin been omitted from English history

Reviewed in the United Kingdom on June 9, 2016

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Brilliant. Why has Franklin been omitted from English history?? I suppose the answer is obvious when the appalling stupidity of the English politicians is considered. A man who made history and whose legacy resonates today in Anglo-American relations.

One person found this helpful

P Leyshon

Good read

Reviewed in the United Kingdom on April 18, 2015

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Very comprehensive and well structured. First part can come across as hard going to those who want to skip to Franklin the revolutionary but necessary to see the change in attitude that made him so.

Gary Richards

Great book, great condition

Reviewed in the United Kingdom on November 17, 2019

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Interesting book in good condition

Eldon Pethybridge

The facts - as many as reasonably possible

Reviewed in the United Kingdom on November 7, 2018

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Studying American history

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