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The Groaning of Creation: God, Evolution, and the Problem of Evil Paperback – June 19, 2008
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Pain, suffering, and extinction are intrinsic to the evolutionary process. In this book Christopher Southgate shows how the world that is "very good" is also "groaning in travail" and subjected by God to that travail. Southgate then evaluates several attempts at evolutionary theodicy and argues for his own approach--an approach that takes full account of God's self-emptying and human beings' special responsibilities as created co-creators.
- Print length224 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherWestminster John Knox Press
- Publication dateJune 19, 2008
- Dimensions6 x 0.48 x 9 inches
- ISBN-100664230903
- ISBN-13978-0664230906
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Product details
- Publisher : Westminster John Knox Press (June 19, 2008)
- Language : English
- Paperback : 224 pages
- ISBN-10 : 0664230903
- ISBN-13 : 978-0664230906
- Item Weight : 10.4 ounces
- Dimensions : 6 x 0.48 x 9 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #947,535 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #201 in Creationism
- #1,221 in Science & Religion (Books)
- #5,239 in Christian Church History (Books)
- Customer Reviews:
About the authors

I was trained as a biochemist and have since been a bookseller, a house-husband, and a chaplain in a university and a hospital. Of my eight collections of poetry, A Love and its Sounding is the most unusual - it is a long biographical poem about the life and faith of T.S. Eliot. My Easing the Gravity Field (Shoestring 2006) draws on my scientific interests. The last two collections are Chasing the Raven (Shoestring, 2016) and Rain Falling by the River (Canterbury, 2017).
My book The Groaning of Creation is about the suffering of non-human creatures in evolution. How could a loving God create nature red in tooth and claw? It took me ten years to write.
I'm also the editor of God, Humanity and the Cosmos, a standard textbook on science and religion. The third edition was published in the autumn of 2011.
Since The Groaning of Creation I have been thinking about the theme of glory. I gave the 2014 Sarum Lectures on this, and my new book Theology in a Suffering World: Glory and Longing is due from Cambridge University Press in September 2018.
I am happy to be contacted about my work on c.c.b.southgate@ex.ac.uk.

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In addressing the question, “Why did God choose to create this universe with these laws and constants, knowing they would then make neo-Darwinian evolution unavoidable,” Southgate opts for the “only way” or the “best way” argument. He accepts the unprovable assumption that an evolving creation was “the only way that God could give rise to the sort of beauty, diversity, sentience, and sophistication of creatures that the biosphere now contains” (p. 16). He develops this argument by discussing God’s co-suffering with creation and the expectation that God will compensate the victims of evolution in the coming new creation.
Throughout the book, Southgate helpfully interacts with the views of other authors. His book ends with the pros and cons of, and proposals for, human intervention into the environment in order to save species from extinction.
Southgate’s book is accessible to the any reader. Scholarly pieces of discussion have been left to the end notes, resulting in fifty pages of end notes for 133 pages of text. Unfortunately, the text is identified at the top of each odd-numbered page by chapter names, and the endnotes are identified only by chapter numbers, deliberately making the endnotes even more difficult to find. The book also has a twelve-page index.
This is obviously not a book for Young Earth Creationists, since an old earth and evolution are presumed. It is accessible even for those without expertise in biological sciences or systematic theology. I recommend this book for Christians who are struggling with how to integrate biological evolution into their Biblical faith
But Christopher Southgate attempts a more difficult task, to justify why God has created a world where so much evil occurs. I think he has some very worthwhile thoughts, but in the end I don't think he succeeds in explaining this difficulty, as I think he himself knows. And I found a lot of his discussion was written in theology-speak with words and concepts that were speculative and based on ideas of what God might be like, but without any real foundation. I can't imagine anyone who was inclined to scepticism finding it satisfactory.
It was worthwhile reading (though only just) because at least I have now seen what is probably the best attempt to explain this difficulty, and because his discussion in the last couple of chapters of human stewardship of creation, vegetarianism, global warming and species extinction introduced to me some new and very helpful christian approaches to issues I have only read about from a ecological perspective.
If you enjoy theological speculation you may get more out of this than I did, but otherwise I think you may find it difficult going.




