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The Guardians: Kingman Brewster, His Circle, and the Rise of the Liberal Establishment Hardcover – April 1, 2004

4.0 4.0 out of 5 stars 18 ratings

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How liberalism and one of the most dramatic eras in American history were shaped by an influential university president and his powerful circle of friends

Yale’s Kingman Brewster was the first and only university president to appear on the covers of Time and Newsweek, and the last of the great campus leaders to become an esteemed national figure. He was also the center of the liberal establishment—a circle of influential men who fought to keep the United States true to ideals and extend the full range of American opportunities to all citizens of every class and color. Using Brewster as his focal point, Geoffrey Kabaservice shows how he and his lifelong friends—Kennedy adviser McGeorge Bundy, Attorney General and statesman Elliot Richardson, New York mayor John Lindsay, Bishop Paul Moore, and Cyrus Vance, pillar of Washington and Wall Street—helped usher this country through the turbulence of the 1960s, creating a legacy that still survives.

In a narrative that is as engaging and lively as it is meticulously researched,
The Guardians judiciously and convincingly reclaims the importance of Brewster and his generation, illuminating their vital place in American history as the bridge between the old establishment and modern liberalism.

Editorial Reviews

From Publishers Weekly

As president of Yale in the 1960s, Kingman Brewster was able to avoid much of the violence that afflicted other campuses rocked by student protests. It was probably no coincidence that, three decades earlier, he was a prominent student protestor against the U.S. entering WWII. By the '60s, he was part of a loose-knit group of liberal patricians that included presidential advisers McGeorge Bundy and Cyrus Vance, New York City mayor John Lindsay and Episcopalian bishop Paul Moore. In his first book, Kabaservice (who has a B.A. and a Ph.D. from Yale) deftly traces the professional and personal connections linking these men who were born to privilege but had a "genuine wish to be of service to the nation," and reveals how they tried to invest government and academic power structures with the flexibility needed to cope with the social upheavals of Vietnam and the Civil Rights movement. Not only President Bush but John Kerry and Howard Dean attended Brewster's Yale, and Kabaservice's history offers valuable insights into a crucible that help shape their political character—not just through Brewster's actions, but through the powerful backlash from conservative alumni. The presentation is meticulous, and the considerable detail about the overhaul of Yale's undergraduate admissions process is crucial to understanding just how completely those changes reshaped the school's student body—by admitting not only more diverse but also smarter students. The story is further enlivened by frequent off-campus forays that reveal not only how the '60s affected Yale but how Yale affected the '60s.
Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

From Booklist

Kingman Brewster, president of Yale University, is the centerpiece of this absorbing look at the liberal establishment, men of privilege who nonetheless espoused principles of equality. Kabaservice chronicles the lives of a core of powerful men from their youth at Yale University, at a time when Yale was the preserve of the children of privilege. Among the circle of friends were ambitious young men driven to reset the nation's social agenda: McGeorge Bundy, advisor to Kennedy and Nixon, forever dogged by his involvement in the Vietnam War; Cyrus Vance, advisor to Nixon and Carter; John Lindsay, mayor of New York; Paul Moore, the archbishop of New York; and Elliot Richardson, Nixon's attorney general. Brewster himself oversaw the conversion of Yale from a bastion of the children of the wealthy to a more open institution valuing merit more than money, and balancing conflicting social forces when the campus erupted during the tumultuous 1960s and '70s. Kabaservice explores the ambitions, ideals, and tragic missteps of these high-born, influential men and their efforts to reshape America. Vanessa Bush
Copyright © American Library Association. All rights reserved

Product details

  • ASIN ‏ : ‎ 0805067620
  • Publisher ‏ : ‎ Henry Holt and Co.; 1st edition (April 1, 2004)
  • Language ‏ : ‎ English
  • Hardcover ‏ : ‎ 592 pages
  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 9780805067620
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0805067620
  • Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 2.1 pounds
  • Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 6.25 x 1.75 x 9.25 inches
  • Customer Reviews:
    4.0 4.0 out of 5 stars 18 ratings

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Geoffrey M. Kabaservice
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4 out of 5 stars
18 global ratings

Top reviews from the United States

Reviewed in the United States on June 21, 2016
When I started this book, I thought it would reinforce my view of the wasp structure of power to keep the status quo. I was so mistaken,, the men like Kingman Brewster served this country as a noble cause,,, open to change much more than the generation above especially in civil rights. Steady leadership meant not avoiding conflict, but understanding why the conflict existed and trying to come to a new definition of progress. I can't recommend this book more highly, a tour de force of a part of the american experiment.
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Reviewed in the United States on September 25, 2012
The Guardians is a scathing indictment of the Old-Boy Network that felt it ruled the U.S. in the 1960s. It's not clear whether the author understands what he has written; I tend to think that he does but that he, like his subjects, is too polite to say it plainly.

Coming of age during World War II and then going to law school after 1945, this group was immediately offered academic positions without competition, advanced degrees, or scholarship, or they entered into family-networked law firms or investment houses. A few years later under Kennedy, they became government advisors in areas they knew nothing about and bungled, or else they headed universities and foundations where they deigned to listen to the reformers and modernizers who brought more justice and science into American life.

After the Nixon disaster and Gerry Ford's close loss in 1976, this group got some respite from President Carter but their native Republican Party under the militant fundamentalists had no place for them. Gradually they became unemployed and, while only in their 60s after 1980, they were unable to be productive and even ended up strapped for money.

Caught between McGeorge Bundy and Spiro Agnew, one can argue that the U.S. was ill served. This is a fundamentally sad story.
2 people found this helpful
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Reviewed in the United States on February 6, 2014
I read the book so many years ago that I can't remember how to critique it.
Why can't you be more timely in your request.
It shouldn't be too much to ask.
Reviewed in the United States on July 4, 2015
Always admired Kingman Brewster and the era in which he helped define. Well researched and written .
Reviewed in the United States on June 3, 2004
Although he is almost forgotten today, Kingman Brewster who was the president of Yale from 1963-1977 was in fact an important figure in recent American history. One reason for this was the fact that he ran Yale in such a way that the university almost completely escaped the tumult that wracked other campuses during the Vietnam War. Another reason is that he revamped the admissons policy at yale so that poorly achieving students at prep academies such as Andover could not get in Yale over high achieving public school graduates.
It was in this area of expanding the elite educational experience at Yale to all Americans, not just members of the WASP elite that Brewster did his most signal public service. Brewster was truly an agent of change. This was most interesting in light of the fact that Brewster was born to a comfortable upper class family, which is precisely the sort of background one would think would spawn conservative thinking. Brewster's activism began back when he was a big man on campus as a Yale undergraduate.
Interestingly enough, Brewster was also one of the founders of the America First Committee that many Americans today regard as being a right wing outfit. Actually, as the author of this book points out, America First was originally a left-wing group and many of its most prominent members were left wing activists. After America's entry into World War II, America First dissolved and Brewster wholeheartedly took up America's cause against the Axis Powers.
It may surprise many Americans today that the Republican party used to have a strong left wing and Brewster was both a stalwart liberal and Republican. It was for this reason that Brewster was never offered a position in the Kennedy Administration.
As university president, Brewster initiated a wide body of reform on campus. Unlike most campus administrators of his time, Brewster did not resort to repression of dissent during the Vietnam War. In fact, Brewster publically sympathized with the radicals on many issues. After resigning from the presidency of Yale in 1977, he became the U.S. ambassador to Britain. After leaving the diplomatic service, he retired from public life and passed away as the 1980's were drawing to a close.
Kingman Brewster was an important American who held an important position as Yale University president. Geoffrey Kabaservice has done a public service in writing this book about a forgotten man in American history.
18 people found this helpful
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Reviewed in the United States on August 11, 2014
An excellent and important book. By focusing on a group of elite liberals and how their ideas and teir work fared in the 1960s, it illuminates one front in the defeat of the liberal consensus in America and the rise of the conservative ascendancy. Vivid portraits of its group of characters, especially of Kingman Brewster. and is friend McGeorge Bundy.A strong contribution to the history of the American elite.