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Marcia Graham Synnott
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The Half-Opened Door: Discrimination and Admissions at Harvard, Yale, and Princeton, 1900-1970 1st Edition

by Marcia Synnott (Author)
5.0 5.0 out of 5 stars 1 rating
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By the turn of the twentieth century, academic nativism had taken root in elite American colleges―specifically, Harvard, Yale, and Princeton. White, Anglo-Saxon, Protestant hegemony was endangered by new kinds of student, many of them Catholic and Jewish immigrants. The newcomers threatened to displace native-born Americans by raising academic standards and winning a disproportionate share of the scholarships.

The Half-Opened Door analyzes the role of these institutions, casting light on their place in class structure and values in the United States. It details the origins, history, and demise of discriminatory admissions processes and depicts how the entrenched position of the upper class was successfully challenged. The educational, and hence economic, mobility of Catholics and Jews has shown other groups―for example, African Americans, Asian Americans, and Spanish-speaking Americans―not only the difficulties that these earlier aspirants had in overcoming class and ethnic barriers, but the fact that it can be done.

One of the ironies of the history of higher education in the United States is the use of quotas by admissions committees. Restrictive measures were imposed on Jews because they were so successful, whereas benign quotas are currently used to encourage underrepresented minorities to enter colleges and professional schools. The competing claims of both the older and the newer minorities continue to be the subject of controversy, editorial comments, and court cases―and will be for years to come.

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  1. ISBN-10
    1412813344
  2. ISBN-13
    978-1412813341
  3. Edition
    1st
  4. Publication date
    June 15, 2010
  5. Language
    English
  6. Dimensions
    5.98 x 0.79 x 9.02 inches
  7. Print length
    350 pages
  8. See all details
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  • Steven Farron
    5.0 out of 5 stars The Value of History
    Reviewed in the United States on September 1, 2001
    Verified Purchase
    This book illustrates the value of studying history. All aspects of the current debate on university admissions policies were debated heatedly in the first half of the twentieth century. Before World War I no American university considered using any non-academic criteria for admissions. Diversity, character, leadership, etc were introduced to save elite American universities from becoming mostly Jewish, because their traditional clientele - upper-class, private-school educated Anglo-Saxons - could not compete academically with the children of poor, Yiddish-speaking immigrants who attended slum schools.
    For the same reason, the standardized aptitude and achievement tests of the College Board were not fully utilized. They make the ethnic discrimination (at that time in favor of upper-class Anglo-Saxons) glaringly obvious.
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