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High Minds: The Victorians and the Birth of Modern Britain Hardcover – January 1, 2013
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Britain in the 1840s was a country wracked by poverty, unrest and uncertainty, where there were attempts to assassinate the Queen and her prime minister, and the ruling class lived in fear of riot and revolution. By the 1880s it was a confident nation of progress and prosperity, transformed not just by industrialisation but by new attitudes to politics, education, women and the working class. That it should have changed so radically was very largely the work of an astonishingly dynamic and high-minded group of people - politicians and philanthropists, writers and thinkers - who in a matter of decades fundamentally remade the country, its institutions and its mindset, and laid the foundations for modern society.
Simon Heffer's first major new book since the success of Strictly English explores this process of transformation, and will delight readers of similar titles such as A. N. Wilson's The Victorians. It traces the evolution of British democracy and shows how early laissez-faire attitudes to the lot of the less fortunate turned into campaigns to improve their lives and prospects. It analyses the birth of new attitudes to education, religion and science. And it shows how even such aesthetic issues as taste in architecture were swept in to broader debates about the direction that the country should take. In the process, Simon Heffer looks at the lives and deeds of major politicians, from the devout and principled Gladstone to the unscrupulous Disraeli; at the intellectual arguments that raged among writers and thinkers such as Matthew Arnold, Thomas Carlyle, and Samuel Butler; and at the 'great projects' of the age, from the Great Exhibition to the Albert Memorial. Drawing heavily on previously unpublished documents, he offers a superbly nuanced insight into life in an extraordinary era, populated by extraordinary people - and how our forebears' pursuit of perfection gave birth to modern Britain.
- Print length896 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherRandom House Books
- Publication dateJanuary 1, 2013
- Dimensions6.38 x 2.09 x 9.45 inches
- ISBN-101847946771
- ISBN-13978-1847946775
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Product details
- Publisher : Random House Books; First Edition (January 1, 2013)
- Language : English
- Hardcover : 896 pages
- ISBN-10 : 1847946771
- ISBN-13 : 978-1847946775
- Item Weight : 2.73 pounds
- Dimensions : 6.38 x 2.09 x 9.45 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #5,041,532 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
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That said, this is a frustrating and undisciplined production. Within its 800-odd pages are several possible books. There is the political story of reform, told in a number of vivid and well-paced chapters. It is, to be sure, colored by Heffer’s politics and limited by inattention to the Irish question, but he does a good job bringing out some of the drama and contingency of the time. Heffer's biographical talents find good use here. And in those chapters he makes an effort to do the historian’s job of giving you the relevant context and main players.
Then there is a rather different book about the decline of Anglican faith and authority among a small group of elite intellectuals. Here context suffers and partiality rules. Newman is treated as a villain and the Oxford movement as a deplorable cult. Catholics hardly exist. Methodists and other dissenting churches are off the map. But even for a focus on Anglicanism, attention is spotty. The Colenso and _Essays and Reviews_ controversies go unmentioned. Anglican evangelicals get almost no attention. And while he starts the book loudly abusing Lytton Strachey and pointedly rehabilitating Dr. Arnold, at the end of the day Heffer is not that different from Strachey. His heart is with the doubting sons of abusive clerics.
It would be idle to tot up omissions, but especially glaring is the total inattention to Herbert Spencer who, though now unread, was one of the dominant public intellectuals of the mid-to-late 19th century. Heffer fails, for example, to note on page 221 that it was Spencer who got “survival of the fittest” into circulation, five years before Darwin, and indeed he who, for good or ill, prepared the ground for the reception of Darwin with his writings on “evolution” from the early 1850s.
Oh, and finally, there are a number of chapters on episodes of administrative history. Specific events like the politics around the construction of a government building can by fascinating windows into a different world. But at times it felt like Heffer couldn’t resist passing on every archival nugget he found.
Top reviews from other countries
Mr Heffer has researched this thoroughly and there is a lot of detail in the book which I loved.
A thoroughly valuable read..








