Hitler's Army: Soldiers, Nazis, and War in the Third Reich (Oxford Paperbacks)

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Detalles del libro
- ISBN-100195079035
- ISBN-13978-0195079036
- EdiciónRevisado ed.
- EditorialOxford University Press
- Fecha de publicación26 Noviembre 1992
- IdiomaInglés
- Dimensiones5.35 x 0.52 x 8.02 pulgadas
- Número de páginas256 páginas
In Hitler's Army, Bartov focuses on the titanic struggle between Germany and the Soviet Union--where the vast majority of German troops fought--to show how the savagery of war reshaped the army in Hitler's image. Both brutalized and brutalizing, these soldiers needed to see their bitter sacrifices as noble patriotism and to justify their own atrocities by seeing their victims as subhuman. In the unprecedented ferocity and catastrophic losses of the Eastrn front, he writes, soldiers embraced the idea that the war was a defense of civilization against Jewish/Bolshevik barbarism, a war of racial survival to be waged at all costs. Bartov describes the incredible scale and destruction of the invasion of Russia in horrific detail. Even in the first months--often depicted as a time of easy victories--undermanned and ill-equipped German units were stretched to the breaking point by vast distances and bitter Soviet resistance. Facing scarce supplies and enormous casualties, the average soldier sank to ta a primitive level of existence, re-experiencing the trench warfare of World War I under the most extreme weather conditions imaginable; the fighting itself was savage, and massacres of prisoners were common. Troops looted food and supplies from civilians with wild abandon; they mercilessly wiped out villages suspected of aiding partisans. Incredible losses led to recruits being thrown together in units that once had been filled with men from the same communities, making Nazi ideology even more important as a binding force. And they were further brutalized by a military justice system that executed almost 15,000 German soldiers during the war. Bartov goes on to explore letters, diaries, military reports, and other sources, showing how widespread Hitler's views became among common fighting men--men who grew up, he reminds us, under the Nazi regime. In the end, they truly became Hitler's army.
In six years of warfare, the vast majority of German men passed through the Wehrmacht and almost every family had a relative who fought in the East. Bartov's powerful new account of how deeply Nazi ideology penetrated the army sheds new light on how deeply it penetrated the nation. Hitler's Army makes an important correction not merely to the historical record but to how we see the world today.
Críticas
Biografía del autor
Sobre el autor
Sigue a los autores para recibir notificaciones de sus nuevas obras, así como recomendaciones mejoradas.I was born in a kibbutz, studied in Israel and Britain, have done research in Germany, Austria, France, Poland, and Ukraine, and have been living and working in the United States since 1989. As a historian, my early research concerned the involvement of the German army in war crimes (The Eastern Front, 1941-1945; Hitler's Army), as well as total war and genocide (Murder in Our Midst, Mirrors of Destruction, Germany's War and the Holocaust), and antisemitic stereotypes (The "Jew" in Cinema). My recent publications concern Eastern Europe (Erased: Vanishing Traces of Jewish Galicia in Present-Day Ukraine, Anatomy of a Genocide: The Life and Death of a Town Called Buczacz, and Tales from the Borderlands: Making and Unmaking the Galician Past). I also published two Hebrew-language novels in the 1980s; my first English-language novel, The Butterfly and the Axe, is forthcoming in 2023.
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Información de producto
| Editorial | Oxford University Press; Revisado ed. edición (26 Noviembre 1992) |
|---|---|
| Idioma | Inglés |
| Tapa blanda | 256 páginas |
| ISBN-10 | 0195079035 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-0195079036 |
| Medida Lexile | 1730L |
| Dimensiones | 5.35 x 0.52 x 8.02 pulgadas |
| Clasificación en los más vendidos de Amazon |
nº616,900 en Libros (Ver el Top 100 en Libros)
nº139 en Militar
nº2,079 en Crítica Literaria y Teoría (Libros)
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| Opinión media de los clientes | 4.3 de 5 estrellas 92Opiniones |
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Opiniones destacadas de los Estados Unidos
- 5.0 de 5 estrellasCompra verificadaA Great Nazi Era Book!Calificado en Estados Unidos el 31 de mayo de 2015A great book. Got this for a book report I had to do and it is insightful and full of info I didn't learn in class. All the sources are there and put in order. Only downside I saw was the lack of transition from time to time. He would talk about one thing then go to... Ver másA great book. Got this for a book report I had to do and it is insightful and full of info I didn't learn in class. All the sources are there and put in order. Only downside I saw was the lack of transition from time to time. He would talk about one thing then go to another but not tell you til about 2 paragraphs later. Book is a good read for anyone who likes history, especially this time period. Author seems to be able to keep bias out but does tell you at the start of the book, some of his bias is still present.
A great book. Got this for a book report I had to do and it is insightful and full of info I didn't learn in class. All the sources are there and put in order. Only downside I saw was the lack of transition from time to time. He would talk about one thing then go to another but not tell you til about 2 paragraphs later. Book is a good read for anyone who likes history, especially this time period. Author seems to be able to keep bias out but does tell you at the start of the book, some of his bias is still present.
- 4.0 de 5 estrellasCompra verificadaAbsorbing and Thoughtful Book On Eastern Front!Calificado en Estados Unidos el 26 de septiembre de 2002One of the most troubling and horrific aspects of the four-year long Eastern campaign begun in June 1941 by the Germans is the effect it had on their soldiers, who were pounded mercilessly by the evolving circumstances of the battle month after month along a thousand mile... Ver másOne of the most troubling and horrific aspects of the four-year long Eastern campaign begun in June 1941 by the Germans is the effect it had on their soldiers, who were pounded mercilessly by the evolving circumstances of the battle month after month along a thousand mile front. When that front gradually turned into a quicksilver panorama of different conflicts in quick succession over a variety of terrain, against an ever-changing cast of millions of Russian soldiers, the war became a living hell for the foot soldier of the Wehrmacht.
In this excellent exposition by Harvard fellow Bartov, the focus remains on the nature of the blood-thirsty struggle between the forces of the Wehrmacht on the one hand, and their seemingly indefatiguable Soviet opponents on the other. From the beginning the Germans were horrified by the fighting ferocity of their foes, who would fight literally until they were dead, who seldom surrendered, and who seemed propelled by an energy and life-force quite unlike anything the Germans had witnessed up to that point. They would fight until the ammunition was exhausted, and then fight on with fixed bayonets, with swords, and with knives, hand to hand, until they were all dead.
Of course, the Germans were no strangers to savage warfare, and had been forged in the crucible of prior conflicts into a rugged hardiness that made them formidable foes indeed. Yet they were singularly unprepared for the energy and determination the Russians showed them at every turn. The experience was quite educational, and made the Germans even more savage in their own execution of the war. Given the long chain for logistics support and the elusive nature of the much-hoped for collapse of the Soviet Army and a subsequent capitulation by the communist regime, the average German foot soldier found himself forced to commit his own series of personal day to day atrocities just to survive in the harsh and unforgiving winter conditions of rural, agrarian Russia.
This tome is an explorations of the depths of depravity and savage circumstances the German soldier found himself subjected to, and how this experience molded him more and more into the shape of the Hitlerian conception of the Eastern war as a war for the survival of the Aryan race against the sub-human Slavic hordes. Seen in this way, the German soldier fought for the survival not of himself and his comrades, but for the survival of the German race as well. Given the extraordinary set of existential circumstances present, it is not hard to understand how Hitler's world view and his racist ideas eventually became so widespread and so fervently believed among the German troops along the Eastern front. Stripped of their original comrades, and thrown together into a constantly changing set of organizations with an ever-changing cast of individual players, 0ne found oneself more and more hypnotized by the facile rhetoric and actions of the Third Reich. This is an absorbing and thought-provoking book, and one I am sure you will take pleasure in reading. Enjoy!
One of the most troubling and horrific aspects of the four-year long Eastern campaign begun in June 1941 by the Germans is the effect it had on their soldiers, who were pounded mercilessly by the evolving circumstances of the battle month after month along a thousand mile front. When that front gradually turned into a quicksilver panorama of different conflicts in quick succession over a variety of terrain, against an ever-changing cast of millions of Russian soldiers, the war became a living hell for the foot soldier of the Wehrmacht.
In this excellent exposition by Harvard fellow Bartov, the focus remains on the nature of the blood-thirsty struggle between the forces of the Wehrmacht on the one hand, and their seemingly indefatiguable Soviet opponents on the other. From the beginning the Germans were horrified by the fighting ferocity of their foes, who would fight literally until they were dead, who seldom surrendered, and who seemed propelled by an energy and life-force quite unlike anything the Germans had witnessed up to that point. They would fight until the ammunition was exhausted, and then fight on with fixed bayonets, with swords, and with knives, hand to hand, until they were all dead.
Of course, the Germans were no strangers to savage warfare, and had been forged in the crucible of prior conflicts into a rugged hardiness that made them formidable foes indeed. Yet they were singularly unprepared for the energy and determination the Russians showed them at every turn. The experience was quite educational, and made the Germans even more savage in their own execution of the war. Given the long chain for logistics support and the elusive nature of the much-hoped for collapse of the Soviet Army and a subsequent capitulation by the communist regime, the average German foot soldier found himself forced to commit his own series of personal day to day atrocities just to survive in the harsh and unforgiving winter conditions of rural, agrarian Russia.
This tome is an explorations of the depths of depravity and savage circumstances the German soldier found himself subjected to, and how this experience molded him more and more into the shape of the Hitlerian conception of the Eastern war as a war for the survival of the Aryan race against the sub-human Slavic hordes. Seen in this way, the German soldier fought for the survival not of himself and his comrades, but for the survival of the German race as well. Given the extraordinary set of existential circumstances present, it is not hard to understand how Hitler's world view and his racist ideas eventually became so widespread and so fervently believed among the German troops along the Eastern front. Stripped of their original comrades, and thrown together into a constantly changing set of organizations with an ever-changing cast of individual players, 0ne found oneself more and more hypnotized by the facile rhetoric and actions of the Third Reich. This is an absorbing and thought-provoking book, and one I am sure you will take pleasure in reading. Enjoy!
- 5.0 de 5 estrellasCompra verificadaShows a side of WW2 from a German insider's perspectiveCalificado en Estados Unidos el 10 de agosto de 2013I've read a lot of WW2 history and at one time lived and worked with a number of German Wehrmacht soldiers with whom I discussed the War. This book systematizes and grounds what several of them reported. The Nazi state was totalitarian, and only people with heroic... Ver másI've read a lot of WW2 history and at one time lived and worked with a number of German Wehrmacht soldiers with whom I discussed the War. This book systematizes and grounds what several of them reported. The Nazi state was totalitarian, and only people with heroic courage withstood it, and they died. One of these Wehrmacht veterans was a sergeant major who commanded several firing squads that executed Italian partisans, and one time was in charge of a unit that was ordered to line up the men of a village and then cull every tenth man to be executed when they could not finger the partisans who had killed a Wehrmacht officer the night before. You just followed orders, he said, because if you didn't your own death would be even more painful than the one you inflicted.
I've read a lot of WW2 history and at one time lived and worked with a number of German Wehrmacht soldiers with whom I discussed the War. This book systematizes and grounds what several of them reported. The Nazi state was totalitarian, and only people with heroic courage withstood it, and they died. One of these Wehrmacht veterans was a sergeant major who commanded several firing squads that executed Italian partisans, and one time was in charge of a unit that was ordered to line up the men of a village and then cull every tenth man to be executed when they could not finger the partisans who had killed a Wehrmacht officer the night before. You just followed orders, he said, because if you didn't your own death would be even more painful than the one you inflicted.
- 5.0 de 5 estrellasCompra verificadaFive StarsCalificado en Estados Unidos el 29 de noviembre de 2014Great Book or DVD
Great Book or DVD
- 4.0 de 5 estrellasCompra verificadaWhy did the German soldier fight so long and so ruthlessly?Calificado en Estados Unidos el 30 de octubre de 2010Bartov discusses here the potential causes for the endurance of the German soldier on the Eastern front as well as for his ferocious barbarism during that conflict. He convincingly dismisses the "primary group" (social nuclei of soldiers from similar... Ver másBartov discusses here the potential causes for the endurance of the German soldier on the Eastern front as well as for his ferocious barbarism during that conflict.
He convincingly dismisses the "primary group" (social nuclei of soldiers from similar geographical origins) as a cause because of the large losses, especially among replacements, and of the large turnover of soldiers at the Eastern front.
His dismissal of harsh discipline as a cause is not quite as convincing, especially since he uses the soldier's fear of punishment and of his commanders as an explanation for his barbarity against Russian POWs and civilians (as some sort of cathartic emotional release). He also recognizes that the soldier was faced with a choice between likely death at the front or certain execution fleeing from the front when caught. And the flying court martials used during the end of the war did use the death penalty to enforce last stand fighting among the troops.
He finally assigns the German soldier's endurance to his indoctrination in Nazi ideology (especially in "Weltanschauung" or, in my own loose translation, "view of the world as it should be"); in religious faith in the Fuehrer as the savior of Germany and of its "Volk" and "Kultur"; to his long-standing racial prejudices (after all, except for older soldiers, he was raised in Nazi Germany since 1933 and had been a member of the Hitler Jugend and the Reichs Arbeits Dienst where he was thoroughly indoctrinated and trained); and to his fear of reprisals by the Russians both on German civilians and on German soldiers for the atrocities he committed in the East. All valid points in my opinion but since there is quite a bit of literature (mentioned and analyzed in Bartov's book) that depicts the German soldier as first a victim of brutality and only second as a perpetrator of brutality (what Bartov calls the reversal of cause and effect) the reader will have to form its own opinion. Still I think that not only indoctrination, but indoctrination combined with harsh discipline, was the cause of the soldier's determination, especially since indoctrination and discipline reinforced each other.
Bartov also discusses what he termed the "demodernization of the front" brought about by the terrific losses in tanks and other heavy weapons and reverting the Russian front to trench warfare similar to 1914/18. Although losses in materiel were indeed heavy and could not be made up by German war production, one (such as Professor Citino who, in his Death of the Wehrmacht: The German Campaigns of 1942 (Modern War Studies) , concluded that the Wehrmacht was not that modern to start with) can argue that the German operational tactics were already rooted in 14-18 and prior wars such as 1870/71.
Finally, it is interesting to note that at the end of his book, which he wrote during the German reunification, Bartov expresses concerns about the new German superpower (FRG+GDR) overcoming "prejudices against the "other"", still existing in both republics under the surface in his opinion. Sounds like Bartov's own prejudice against the Germans for the sins of mostly their grand-parents (2 generations removed from the war).
Bartov discusses here the potential causes for the endurance of the German soldier on the Eastern front as well as for his ferocious barbarism during that conflict.
He convincingly dismisses the "primary group" (social nuclei of soldiers from similar geographical origins) as a cause because of the large losses, especially among replacements, and of the large turnover of soldiers at the Eastern front.
His dismissal of harsh discipline as a cause is not quite as convincing, especially since he uses the soldier's fear of punishment and of his commanders as an explanation for his barbarity against Russian POWs and civilians (as some sort of cathartic emotional release). He also recognizes that the soldier was faced with a choice between likely death at the front or certain execution fleeing from the front when caught. And the flying court martials used during the end of the war did use the death penalty to enforce last stand fighting among the troops.
He finally assigns the German soldier's endurance to his indoctrination in Nazi ideology (especially in "Weltanschauung" or, in my own loose translation, "view of the world as it should be"); in religious faith in the Fuehrer as the savior of Germany and of its "Volk" and "Kultur"; to his long-standing racial prejudices (after all, except for older soldiers, he was raised in Nazi Germany since 1933 and had been a member of the Hitler Jugend and the Reichs Arbeits Dienst where he was thoroughly indoctrinated and trained); and to his fear of reprisals by the Russians both on German civilians and on German soldiers for the atrocities he committed in the East. All valid points in my opinion but since there is quite a bit of literature (mentioned and analyzed in Bartov's book) that depicts the German soldier as first a victim of brutality and only second as a perpetrator of brutality (what Bartov calls the reversal of cause and effect) the reader will have to form its own opinion. Still I think that not only indoctrination, but indoctrination combined with harsh discipline, was the cause of the soldier's determination, especially since indoctrination and discipline reinforced each other.
Bartov also discusses what he termed the "demodernization of the front" brought about by the terrific losses in tanks and other heavy weapons and reverting the Russian front to trench warfare similar to 1914/18. Although losses in materiel were indeed heavy and could not be made up by German war production, one (such as Professor Citino who, in his Death of the Wehrmacht: The German Campaigns of 1942 (Modern War Studies) , concluded that the Wehrmacht was not that modern to start with) can argue that the German operational tactics were already rooted in 14-18 and prior wars such as 1870/71.
Finally, it is interesting to note that at the end of his book, which he wrote during the German reunification, Bartov expresses concerns about the new German superpower (FRG+GDR) overcoming "prejudices against the "other"", still existing in both republics under the surface in his opinion. Sounds like Bartov's own prejudice against the Germans for the sins of mostly their grand-parents (2 generations removed from the war).
- 5.0 de 5 estrellasWehrmacht EvolvesCalificado en Estados Unidos el 28 de julio de 2017In my opinion, if you write about Germany in WW II, prepare yourself for bad reviews. This work is actually a companion volume to "Ivan's War," and gives the same treatment to the Wehrmacht - a year-by-year account of how things changed and how they remained the... Ver másIn my opinion, if you write about Germany in WW II, prepare yourself for bad reviews. This work is actually a companion volume to "Ivan's War," and gives the same treatment to the Wehrmacht - a year-by-year account of how things changed and how they remained the same. I think the author did himself a disservice by including the word, "Hitler," in the title. The word immediately biases readers, for better or worse. Many personal accounts, letters, documents, etc. Excellent scholarship.
In my opinion, if you write about Germany in WW II, prepare yourself for bad reviews. This work is actually a companion volume to "Ivan's War," and gives the same treatment to the Wehrmacht - a year-by-year account of how things changed and how they remained the same. I think the author did himself a disservice by including the word, "Hitler," in the title. The word immediately biases readers, for better or worse. Many personal accounts, letters, documents, etc. Excellent scholarship.
- 5.0 de 5 estrellasA little truth in the blame game.Calificado en Estados Unidos el 28 de agosto de 2001I had to read Bartov's book for a college class years ago and recently re-read this wonderful book. As historians, I like to believe that most of us want to know why things have happened vs what has happened. Bartov's "Hitler's Army" does just that. It... Ver másI had to read Bartov's book for a college class years ago and recently re-read this wonderful book. As historians, I like to believe that most of us want to know why things have happened vs what has happened. Bartov's "Hitler's Army" does just that. It is common for Americans 50 years later to want to believe that the whole of WWII Germany were good, patriotic people fighting for a cause that they were brainwashed into believing. Bartov's "Hitler's Army" explains how the average German male, growing up in Nazi Germany, joining the Hitler Youth, and being just as patriotic as GI Joe was, came to be the tool of Nazi ideology, especially on the Eastern front. Bartov's comparisons of "average" soldiers on the Eastern front vs "average" soldiers on the Western front gives a prime example of how Nazi ideology had influenced the minds of German youth. Given the psychological and physical impact of such intense combat under the gruesome conditions the Eastern front soldier had to deal with, it is common for men to cling to beliefs in order to justify their actions. Beliefs instilled in them through years of conditioning, backed by severe punishment if they failed to follow such beliefs and actions forced upon them by their commanders. German soldiers were no different than Marines of the Pacific theater. Marines who collected Japanese ears and gold teeth as souvenirs. Bartov does a superb job of placing blame where it needed to be placed. At the same time, Bartov allows the reader to understand how the accused were breed into such positions of blame. An excellent read for anyone who wants to understand the mindset of the "average" German soldier during WWII.
I had to read Bartov's book for a college class years ago and recently re-read this wonderful book. As historians, I like to believe that most of us want to know why things have happened vs what has happened. Bartov's "Hitler's Army" does just that. It is common for Americans 50 years later to want to believe that the whole of WWII Germany were good, patriotic people fighting for a cause that they were brainwashed into believing. Bartov's "Hitler's Army" explains how the average German male, growing up in Nazi Germany, joining the Hitler Youth, and being just as patriotic as GI Joe was, came to be the tool of Nazi ideology, especially on the Eastern front. Bartov's comparisons of "average" soldiers on the Eastern front vs "average" soldiers on the Western front gives a prime example of how Nazi ideology had influenced the minds of German youth. Given the psychological and physical impact of such intense combat under the gruesome conditions the Eastern front soldier had to deal with, it is common for men to cling to beliefs in order to justify their actions. Beliefs instilled in them through years of conditioning, backed by severe punishment if they failed to follow such beliefs and actions forced upon them by their commanders. German soldiers were no different than Marines of the Pacific theater. Marines who collected Japanese ears and gold teeth as souvenirs. Bartov does a superb job of placing blame where it needed to be placed. At the same time, Bartov allows the reader to understand how the accused were breed into such positions of blame. An excellent read for anyone who wants to understand the mindset of the "average" German soldier during WWII.
- 4.0 de 5 estrellasCompra verificadaInteresting, detailed, interesting perspectiveCalificado en Estados Unidos el 25 de noviembre de 2013I've always been interested in reading about the Nazis so this book was interesting to me. I thought it was well written and contained a good amount of detail.
I've always been interested in reading about the Nazis so this book was interesting to me. I thought it was well written and contained a good amount of detail.
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E. W. Sharman4.0 de 5 estrellasCompra verificadaVery Interesting ReadCalificado en Reino Unido el 1 de diciembre de 2012I stumbled onto this book and was very pleased that I did like many people I have an interest in the German Army and its history right back to the Thirty years war period. Over that period it has been both victorious and defeated but its conduct had been no worse or better...Ver másI stumbled onto this book and was very pleased that I did like many people I have an interest in the German Army and its history right back to the Thirty years war period. Over that period it has been both victorious and defeated but its conduct had been no worse or better than any other peoples army the second world war showed it at its best as a combat machine but at its worst in the service of a terrible idea this book helps show that fact. History is about truth as far as it can ever be told this book tells part of the story it is for you the reader to decide how much I would highly recommend it.I stumbled onto this book and was very pleased that I did like many people I have an interest in the German Army and its history right back to the Thirty years war period. Over that period it has been both victorious and defeated but its conduct had been no worse or better than any other peoples army the second world war showed it at its best as a combat machine but at its worst in the service of a terrible idea this book helps show that fact. History is about truth as far as it can ever be told this book tells part of the story it is for you the reader to decide how much I would highly recommend it.
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