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The Holy Roman Empire: A Thousand Years of Europe's History Paperback – International Edition, March 28, 2017
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- Print length1008 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherPenguin UK
- Publication dateMarch 28, 2017
- Dimensions8.66 x 5.91 x 0.98 inches
- ISBN-109780141047478
- ISBN-13978-0141047478
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- ASIN : 014104747X
- Publisher : Penguin UK (March 28, 2017)
- Language : English
- Paperback : 1008 pages
- ISBN-10 : 9780141047478
- ISBN-13 : 978-0141047478
- Item Weight : 1.56 pounds
- Dimensions : 8.66 x 5.91 x 0.98 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #319,356 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #3,677 in European History (Books)
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Obviously, the French, Austrians, Poles, Italians, Danes and all the others involved at one time would dispute this view. The Swiss, in particular, will probably resent the author's dismissal of their idea that theirs was an egalitarian state born after brave mountain dwellers flung off the shackles of the Hapsburgs to gain their freedom, with the help of their equivalent of Braveheart, William Tell.
The “Empire”, which never had a capital or any heterogeneity, managed to last until the 19th century and shaped the modern Europe. However, I suspect the general reader will find this book rather dry and academic. Parts read as if they are translations. I quickly gave up the idea of reading it straight through and found that dipping into it here and there more rewarding.
It runs to 686 pages, plus maps, family trees, a glossary, index, notes, chronology. and lists of emperors, and German and Italian kings, The product of a lifetime’s study, it covers the thousand year existence of the Holy Roman Empire from 800 to 1806 but extends over a longer period from its antecedents into its historiography in subsequent German and European history. A thematic approach is adopted, covering law, society, territory and governance. This results in some repetition and, without regular reference to the maps and chronology, the thread can be difficult to follow.
The Empire was complex and changing covering separate and developing power structures, princely, feudal, and episcopal, urban and peasant. From it emerged the Alpine communities which became Switzerland. There also emerged Italian city states, the Hanseatic League and the Netherlands. Austria and Prussia from within the Empire included hereditary territory and power bases beyond its bounds. The rulers of England, Denmark, Sweden even Russia were all rulers of co-dominion territory, which at various times formed part of the Empire.
The concepts of empire, kingship and lordship are explained. The Holy Roman Empire and Papacy interacted and conflicted, but were interdependent. There wasn’t always an Emperor but the Empire continued. There wasn’t a dominant central city, medieval Emperors, based in different localities, progressing in person through its territories.
The Empire’s continuity provides alternatives to national history and the nation state and, through the EU, or what it becomes, a possible model for their successors
The biggest problem is that the book is not organised chronologically, but thematically. For the neophyte this makes it very hard to follow, and you don't get a clear sense of how and why historical figures made the decisions they did. I would have loved to have understood those themes selected, but I needed a clearer chronological history first to provide the context. This book does not present that.
Secondly, as many other reviewers have commented, the language used often obfuscates rather than illuminating due to the use of obscure intellectual terms that I presume are common in academic writing on history, but which are rarely used in more everyday language. As grating as it is, I could live with this, if it were not for the first problem.
Overall this reads like a tightly knit collection of essays of academic history; suitable for an undergraduate's studying the subject, but a poor choice for general interest / bed-time reading.
The thematic approach initally works well as shows how different key structures mattered (or didn't matter) and it explains the why it happened, but it does at times obscure the when and the who. That said, the theme of each chapter perhaps works slightly chronologically in what mattered most at that time; who was king in the early days, before moving to territory, religion, law and reason. It also explains the importance of the Empire outside of 'national' histories. Its very vagueness and contradictions, alongside the idea of the Empire were often the reason that it survived until the seismic events of the Napoleonic Wars and the ideas it unleashed.
On the negative points, such is the scope of what is a millennium of Pan-european history, admirable though the effort is, I feel that two volumes have been better and it is only once you get to the very end of the book that all Wilsons arguments start to sink into place.
Whilst this is not as good as Europe's Tragedy, and if you preserve to the end, you will come away with a much better understanding of one of the mainstays of central Europe for over a thousand years.
Medieval France and England saw feuding warlords, kings toppled and conflicts with the Papacy while Reformation produced religious wars. So the HRE should not be seen as deviating from a European norm but very much within the mainstream of European history. Its decentralised structure was based very much on local 'liberties' and ideals of peace and justice enforced by a corporate view of society. As such, it helped to spawn republics in Italy, Switzerland and the Netherlands as weak central power and an all-pervading notion of 'justice' combined to 'set people free'. Its demise at the hands of Napoleon in 1806 caused much regret and nostalgia. Indeed, an overcentralised, absolutist France had produced a backlash with Revolution bringing much creative destruction in its wake. If it was anything, the HRE was an organic entity which had evolved rather than stagnated. We search in vain for much that is organic in the abstract principles flowing from the Revolution. Wilson does not discuss how nostalgia for the HRE may have contributed to the Gemeinschaft-Gesellschaft idea of German sociologist Tonnies. Wilson does discuss the unwisdom of comparing the EU and HRE which some recent European politicians have been prone to do. If history has a purpose it is to set us free from our delusions about the past. He makes a good case for studying the HRE as a way 'we might understand current problems more clearly' by connecting citizens more intimately to the political process.
Writing about the HRE thematically may have helped Wilson to martial his vast subject but it does tend to read like a pathologists report. Dissecting different parts of a corpse and reporting in an abstract way in the manner of a social scientist may aid understanding. Nevertheless, as each section jumped through the centuries, my chronological understanding became fragmented. I would have preferred an 'eras approach' while still keeping to the themes. The Chronology section should be read first and then again at the end. I read this work slowly over several weeks. It assumes a lot of background knowledge. Highly recommended.







