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How to Clone a Mammoth: The Science of De-Extinction Paperback – September 20, 2016
An insider's view on bringing extinct species back to life
Could extinct species, like mammoths and passenger pigeons, be brought back to life? The science says yes. In How to Clone a Mammoth, Beth Shapiro, evolutionary biologist and pioneer in "ancient DNA" research, walks readers through the astonishing and controversial process of de-extinction. From deciding which species should be restored, to sequencing their genomes, to anticipating how revived populations might be overseen in the wild, Shapiro vividly explores the extraordinary cutting-edge science that is being used―today―to resurrect the past. Journeying to far-flung Siberian locales in search of ice age bones and delving into her own research―as well as those of fellow experts such as Svante Paabo, George Church, and Craig Venter―Shapiro considers de-extinction's practical benefits and ethical challenges. Would de-extinction change the way we live? Is this really cloning? What are the costs and risks? And what is the ultimate goal?
Using DNA collected from remains as a genetic blueprint, scientists aim to engineer extinct traits--traits that evolved by natural selection over thousands of years―into living organisms. But rather than viewing de-extinction as a way to restore one particular species, Shapiro argues that the overarching goal should be the revitalization and stabilization of contemporary ecosystems. For example, elephants with genes modified to express mammoth traits could expand into the Arctic, re-establishing lost productivity to the tundra ecosystem.
Looking at the very real and compelling science behind an idea once seen as science fiction, How to Clone a Mammoth demonstrates how de-extinction will redefine conservation's future.
- Print length240 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherPrinceton University Press
- Publication dateSeptember 20, 2016
- Dimensions5.25 x 0.5 x 8 inches
- ISBN-109780691173115
- ISBN-13978-0691173115
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Editorial Reviews
Review
"2016 Gold Medal Winner in Science, Independent Publisher Book Awards"
"Winner of the 2016 AAAS/Subaru SB&F Prize for Excellence in Science Books, Young Adult Science Books"
"Shortlisted for the 2016 Phi Beta Kappa Award in Science, Phi Beta Kappa Society"
"One of The Independent’s 6 Best Books in Science 2015"
"Finalist for the 2015 Los Angeles Times Book Prize in Science & Technology"
"One of Flavorwire’s 10 Must-Read Academic Books for 2015"
"One of NewScientist.com CultureLab’s Best Reads from 2015"
"One of Science News’ Favorite Books of 2015"
"Beth Shapiro . . . has produced a fascinating book. . . . For anyone who wants a thorough understanding of the technical issues involved in de-extinction, How to Clone a Mammoth should satisfy your curiosity."---Carl Zimmer, Wall Street Journal
"Shapiro . . . Lays out a well-articulated argument for the ‘resurrection of ecological interactions' as the most appropriate goal of de-extinction research. . . . Her professorial voice shines in her thoughtful roadmap for practical decision making in theory-heavy science, as well as in her efforts to 'separate the science of de-extinction from the science fiction of de-extinction.' Readers will emerge with the ability to think more deeply about the facts of de-extinction and cloning at a time when hyperbolic and emotionally manipulative claims about such scientific breakthroughs are all too common." ― Publishers Weekly
"[A] disturbing and thoughtful new book. . . . Shapiro makes a good, sensible, balanced case."---Cathy Gere, The Nation
"[A] clear appraisal of what it would really take to resurrect extinct species. . . . Several hurdles remain, and Shapiro presents these clearly and entertainingly as a brilliant thought experiment at the boundaries of biological plausibility."---Henry Nicholls, Nature
"As Shapiro sees it, de-extinction isn't about geeky genetic sleight of hand or about the resurrection of legendary beasts; it's a valuable new tool for conserving and enriching the global ecosystem." ― Natural History
"In this lucid road map for the nascent discipline of ‘de-extinction,' Shapiro, an evolutionary biologist, examines not only how we can resurrect long-vanished species but also when we cannot or should not." ― Scientific American
"As a researcher who is shaping this field, Shapiro is the perfect guide to the ongoing discussion about de-extinction. While many news items and conference presentations have focused on the technology required to create extinct life, Shapiro carefully considers every step along the journey to de-extinction, from choosing a species to revive to making sure they don't become extinct all over again….Whether you're all for de-extinction or against it, Shapiro's sharp, witty, and impeccably-argued book is essential for informing those who will decide what life will become."---Riley Black, National Geographic.com's Laelaps blog
"[Shapiro] goes to great lengths to demystify the art and science of cloning." ― Kirkus Reviews
"Some of the best conversations I've had in recent months have come about while discussing de-extinction. The concept is simple: should we clone extinct animals, Jurassic Park-style, from found genetic material? How do we do it? What would the impact be on the environment? Shapiro makes it clear that we should have this discussion now because the future of de-extinction is real and coming fast."---Andrew Sturgeon, Flavorwire
"[A] fascinating book. . . . A great popular science title, and one that makes it clear that a future you may have imagined is already underway." ― Library Journal
"In How to Clone a Mammoth, Shapiro provides detailed descriptions of current state-of-the-art bioengineering technologies, explaining just what can and cannot be done. She also provides a thorough discussion of the ethical and environmental issues raised by de-extinction proposals. Readers of the book will be well equipped to develop their own informed opinions on this controversial topic."---Ravi Mandalia, Techie News
"In How to Clone a Mammoth, molecular paleontologist Beth Shapiro spells out, step by step, how and how soon real scientists might be able to bring an extinct species back to life."---Nancy Szokan, Washington Post
"[T]houghtful and well-written. . . . Shapiro does an excellent job of showing that the realities of genuine science can be as exciting as the fantasies of science fiction."---Nick Rennison, Daily Mail
"[How to Clone a Mammoth] is at once an account of the state of the technology, a sketch of how to proceed, a barrage of as-yet unanswerable questions and a manifesto. . . . The science is fascinating."---Olivia Judson, Financial Times
"This charming volume is a how-to book with a vengeance."---Brian Bethune, Maclean's
"Shapiro… who actually works on the de-extinction of the passenger pigeon and the mammoth, aims to separate science from science fiction. She succeeds brilliantly. This book is likely to prove the definitive guide for non-specialists to the science of de-extinction for some time to come… Shapiro explores the vital questions surrounding the whole subject of de-extinction with great clarity… Shapiro is an acute, lively, sceptical and nuanced writer"---Caspar Henderson, Spectator
"Shapiro's thought-provoking book offers excitement and wonder – but also comes with a warning. We must think carefully, not just about how we can achieve this incredible scientific feat, but also about where it is likely to have the most positive (or least negative) impact, and why it is worth the investment and associated risks. [ . . . ] While Shapiro's message throughout How to Clone a Mammoth is unarguably one of caution, she finishes on a hopeful (and awesome) thought: using cutting-edge technology, we might be able to resurrect life that we once thought lost to us for ever, and soon. She paints a scientifically accurate yet magical world where Pleistocene giants might roam the Arctic tundra once again, and where we have the chance to undo some past mistakes – as long as we remember to keep looking towards the future.""---Tiffany Taylor, Times Higher Education
"[C]lear and fascinating . . . Shapiro explains complex molecular biology clearly. It really comes alive . . . When she describes her own expeditions."---Shaoni Bhattacharya, New Scientist
"Shapiro's book is a thoughtful how-to guide for the painstaking process of reviving not just mammoths but passenger pigeons and other lost species. Her aim is to separate science from science fiction by taking a critical look at proposals for bringing these animals back."---Allison, Bohac, Science News
"From her front-row seat as one of the pioneers of ancient-DNA research, Shapiro explains the fieldwork, lab science, and prospective ecology involved with the so-far hypothetical endeavor."---Bob Grant, The Scientist
"How To Clone A Mammoth is about as close as you get to sitting down with a nice cup of tea to have a decent chinwag with a mate about resurrecting the woolly mammoth. . . . Refreshingly, she replaces hyperbole with humour to guide the reader through the basics of de-extinction science… that personal touch brings warmth."---Dr Tori Herridge, BBC Focus Magazine
"Skilfully combining accounts of the scientific problems with ethical and practical considerations, the book is an informative and at times highly entertaining account of the life of a modern mammoth hunter. . . . Shapiro lucidly explains all the scientific problems that Jurassic Park conveniently glossed over . . . her real-life tales of mammoth hunting in the Siberian tundra . . . these sections are not so much Jurassic Park as a female geneticist version of Indiana Jones."---William Hartston, Daily Express
"In her new book, Shapiro offers an accessible, rigorous, I-can't-believe-it's-not-sci-fi guide to the world of de-extinction research. You can read the book as a pop primer on genetics, a field guide to future fauna, or as a roadmap to the next generation of conservation science. But reading about these mammoths and Tasmanian tigers, you start to feel that Shapiro is getting at bigger questions. . . . [She] is a lucid, relaxed, and often hilarious guide to the strange world of people who try to resurrect dead species."---Michael Schulson, Religion Dispatches
"[Beth Shapiro's] book exposes the fallacies in our thinking about such activities, as well as the real possibilities and even potential values of restoring some extinct species. This is not a silly book; rather, it is a serious story well told and a fun read." ― Buffalo News
"[Shapiro] has skillfully blended cutting edge science with an overview of the ramifications that resurrecting lost fauna might have for the restoration of declining ecosystems."---Everything Dinosaur Blog
"[W]arm and accessible . . . Shapiro's informal approach, peppered with deadpan asides, is a welcome change from the hyperbole and grandstanding that have come to characterise popular debates on rewilding and de-extinction. . . . The open-hearted simplicity of How to Clone a Mammoth provides a great entry point for people who want to join in [the conversation]."---Tori Herridge, Literary Review
"I found this book to be an entertaining and deeply informative read that captures the complexity of both the science and the broader issues raised very well. The next time a film about rampaging Jurassic reptiles is on offer, you could instead settle in with this book and the beverage of your choice and learn about the true potential for species resurrection. Popcorn optional."---A. Rus Hoelzel, Science
"Shapiro's book is fascinating." ― The Irish Examiner
"This book is an excellent introduction to the emergent science of de-extinction. Shapiro is a gifted writer who makes a complex subject accessible to readers with little science acumen. . . . The beauty of this work is in its honesty: Shapiro, who is invested in this science as a practitioner, does not attempt to woo the masses. She takes the ethical concerns head on, not as an advocate but as an honest broker." ― Choice
"Beth Shapiro is an evolutionary biologist who specialises in ancient DNA. . . . Who better to take us through the technological developments and evidentiary likelihood of recreating extinct species? [A] well-written factual summary . . . playfully set out."---David Callahan, Birdwatch
"Shapiro has done an excellent job."---Ian Simmons, Fortean Times
"Beth Shapiro's 'how-to' manual couldn't be more timely." ― New Scientist
"This book is careful, accessible, and thoughtful. The author is cautiously enthusiastic about de-extinction research, but she is also very realistic about the challenges and gives serious attention to some of the objections. The volume conveys a sense of excitement about the science, but without the uncritical techno-optimism that one sees in many popular articles."---Derek D. Turner, Quarterly Review of Biology
Review
"How to Clone a Mammoth is essential reading. Describing the cutting-edge science, and tackling the misleading ideas, surrounding de-extinction, this book immerses us in current discussions as well as the debates that are sure to come."―Joel L. Cracraft, American Museum of Natural History
"How to Clone a Mammoth takes a careful and entertaining look at the possibilities and consequences of bringing such animals as the mammoth and passenger pigeon back from extinction. Well-written and informative, the book explores the science and people involved in these investigations and the difficulties and false leads that have been encountered."―Peter H. Raven, president emeritus, Missouri Botanical Garden
"From basic science to ethics, How to Clone a Mammoth is a thorough and captivating exploration of an area at the leading edge of conservation biology. This book educates readers and entices all of us to delve more deeply into the issues discussed."―Simon Levin, author of Fragile Dominion
From the Back Cover
"Bringing a lost species back to life is an exciting prospect and also a scary one. No one is better able to explain the challenges and the potential of the enterprise than Beth Shapiro. How to Clone a Mammoth is an engaging, rigorous, and deeply thoughtful book."--Elizabeth Kolbert, author of The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History
"How to Clone a Mammoth is essential reading. Describing the cutting-edge science, and tackling the misleading ideas, surrounding de-extinction, this book immerses us in current discussions as well as the debates that are sure to come."--Joel L. Cracraft, American Museum of Natural History
"How to Clone a Mammoth takes a careful and entertaining look at the possibilities and consequences of bringing such animals as the mammoth and passenger pigeon back from extinction. Well-written and informative, the book explores the science and people involved in these investigations and the difficulties and false leads that have been encountered."--Peter H. Raven, president emeritus, Missouri Botanical Garden
"From basic science to ethics, How to Clone a Mammoth is a thorough and captivating exploration of an area at the leading edge of conservation biology. This book educates readers and entices all of us to delve more deeply into the issues discussed."--Simon Levin, author of Fragile Dominion
About the Author
Product details
- ASIN : 0691173117
- Publisher : Princeton University Press (September 20, 2016)
- Language : English
- Paperback : 240 pages
- ISBN-10 : 9780691173115
- ISBN-13 : 978-0691173115
- Item Weight : 8.6 ounces
- Dimensions : 5.25 x 0.5 x 8 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #1,853,141 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #367 in Biology of Dinosaurs
- #528 in Endangered Species (Books)
- #1,481 in Genetics (Books)
- Customer Reviews:
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Customers find the book informative and interesting. They describe it as a good introduction to the topic and an enjoyable read. The writing style is accessible for readers of all levels. It provides a thorough review of the progress in DNA replication and de-extinction science. However, opinions differ on the content - some find it comprehensive and thought-provoking, while others feel there is unnecessary information.
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Customers find the book informative and interesting. They say it provides a good introduction to the topic and provides interesting new facts. The writing style makes science accessible for non-scientists, making it thought-provoking.
"...this book is very very educational ." Read more
"...But after reading scientist Beth Shapiro’s excellent book on the topic, I now understand that de-extinction isn’t what most people think...." Read more
"...She presents some terribly complicated information, concepts, and challenges in a way that most people can understand. This is not a dry textbook...." Read more
"...This is scientific exploration at a stage where the excitement is palpable...." Read more
Customers find the book engaging and accessible for both novices and experts. They describe it as a good summer read, with an interesting storyline. The book is well-written and provides a great follow-up to the de-extinction story.
"Excellent reading, its written so anyone can understand. the book is about what it takes to clone and the difficulties in trying to clone ...." Read more
"...How to Clone a Mammoth is thorough, thought-provoking, interesting, and written for lay people (though a keen interest in biology helps)...." Read more
"...I respect an author who can do that. Overall this is an excellent book and I highly recommend it." Read more
"...This is scientific exploration at a stage where the excitement is palpable...." Read more
Customers find the book's writing style accessible and understandable. They appreciate the author's clear explanations and thoughtfulness. The book is detailed and well-presented, with a good approach.
"Excellent reading, its written so anyone can understand. the book is about what it takes to clone and the difficulties in trying to clone ...." Read more
"...a Mammoth is thorough, thought-provoking, interesting, and written for lay people (though a keen interest in biology helps)...." Read more
"...The book is well written and doesn't require an advanced degree to understand...." Read more
"...and the tools currently available for DNA manipulation, are well presented...." Read more
Customers find the book an accessible introduction to the science of de-extinction. It provides a review of the progress in DNA replication and cloning extinct species, as well as the pros and cons of achieving it. Readers are interested in cloning mammoths and the difficulties involved in trying to clone them.
"...the book is about what it takes to clone and the difficulties in trying to clone ...." Read more
"...It explores the science and the ethics of de-extinction, discusses the media’s role in this topic, and describes the author’s adventures in wild..." Read more
"...is a particular area of interest of mine, and the aspects related to de-extinction, and the tools currently available for DNA manipulation, are well..." Read more
"...Best of all for enhancing direct understanding of de-extinction, she writes not as an outsider or journalist but as one of the scientists in the..." Read more
Customers have different views on the book's content. Some find it comprehensive and interesting, while others feel some parts are unnecessary and technical.
"...How to Clone a Mammoth is thorough, thought-provoking, interesting, and written for lay people (though a keen interest in biology helps)...." Read more
"...Definitely a little technical sometimes." Read more
"...She also writes about how birds might be cloned Very complete and interesting book." Read more
"...because bit was too repetitive at times and a lot of chapter 4 felt like very unnecessary info...." Read more
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Top reviews from the United States
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- Reviewed in the United States on August 22, 2016Excellent reading, its written so anyone can understand. the book is about what it takes to clone and the difficulties in trying to clone . if your only concept of cloning is from watching Jurassic park as i must admit mine was. this book is very very educational .
- Reviewed in the United States on March 13, 2016ScienceThrillers review:
Michael Crichton started it with his novel Jurassic Park. The idea that we could resurrect an extinct species using ancient DNA–popularly called “de-extinction”–captured the popular imagination. As techniques for sequencing DNA improved, real-life scientists started to take this idea seriously.
But after reading scientist Beth Shapiro’s excellent book on the topic, I now understand that de-extinction isn’t what most people think.
In How to Clone a Mammoth: The Science of De-Extinction, Shapiro walks through the steps to de-extinction, in chapters such as “Select a species” and “Reconstruct the genome.” Before reading this book, I thought I basically understood the process: find some ancient DNA; sequence it; put it in some kind of egg; implant in a host mother; birth a baby.
It’s so much more complicated than that.
Despite the enthusiasm that some people have for bringing back charismatic megafauna like the wooly mammoth (a Russian entrepreneur is already preparing Pleistocene Park, a Siberian habitat where the modern world’s first mammoths can live), this book explains that in one sense, it cannot be done. DNA doesn’t last very long. Even with mammoth specimens well-preserved in ice, and only thousands of years old, the DNA that remains is fragmentary at best. And this is just the first of multiple technical obstacles that seem insurmountable.
So why is this brilliant young UC professor dedicated to the science of ancient DNA and de-extinction? Because while we cannot bring back the mammoth (or any other long-lost species), we can bring back, or rather, create, a mammoth-like creature using pieces of the original mammoth’s genome added to an existing relative–the elephant.
Why bother, then? Shapiro argues that de-extinction efforts should focus on restoring ecosystems, not individual species. The wooly mammoth, for example, played a crucial role in helping the tundra flourish. Research suggests that the trampling and grazing activity of large herbivores (like mammoths) can convert barren tundra into arctic grassland. Even if we can’t bring back the mammoth, we perhaps can create a cold-tolerant Asian elephant that lives in the tundra and replaces the role in the ecosystem lost when the last mammoth died.
This was one of several important messages in this book that kept me thinking for some time after reading. Another takeaway that changed my way of seeing things was Shapiro’s discussion of how very hard it is to take a species from captivity and return it to a wild habitat. The idea that as long as we keep a few animals alive in zoos we will always have the option in the future to restore them to nature is false in most cases.
How to Clone a Mammoth is thorough, thought-provoking, interesting, and written for lay people (though a keen interest in biology helps). It explores the science and the ethics of de-extinction, discusses the media’s role in this topic, and describes the author’s adventures in wild places hunting for frozen mammoth bones. Should we invest in de-extinction and try to “bring back” lost species? After reading this book, you’ll be equipped to argue one way or the other.
- Reviewed in the United States on December 30, 2024How to Clone a Mammoth goes into detail about attempts to clone, or as the book puts it de-extinct, mammoths and other animals that have gone extinct in the last few hundred years or few thousand years. The book is well written and doesn't require an advanced degree to understand. The author is also realistic in how difficult it will be to do this, the controversies involved and how we have to make do with partial successes of animals that are hybrids between living and extinct animals. Making even a hybrid elephant with mammoth genes is so far off that it may not happen in our lifetimes, and a 100% pure mammoth even farther down the road and harder to do. The author also deals with why some people are vehemently opposed to the idea and that their opposition is in some cases reasonable. I respect an author who can do that. Overall this is an excellent book and I highly recommend it.
- Reviewed in the United States on April 6, 2015I'm not a scientist, or a member of academia, but I did enjoy Jurassic Park. Dr. Shapiro has produced an accurate picture of where we are, and what we can expect to see in the near future regarding de-extinction. (Some of her predictions were announced by George Church's group at Harvard just last week!) She presents some terribly complicated information, concepts, and challenges in a way that most people can understand. This is not a dry textbook. This is also not a headline-grabbing, breathless prediction of herds of mammoths running amok in Siberia, or skies darkened by thousands of passenger pigeons. It's an honest look at a fascinating subject.
What I found most interesting was Shapiro's thoughtful examination of the ethics of all this. Once we decide we could do this, should we? Should we devote literally piles of money to recreate creatures that may have no place to live? Would this time and money be better spent looking into why some creatures went extinct, while others thrived in the same environment?
If you want to learn about de-extinction, buy this book. If you want a read that will entertain you and force you to think, buy this book.
And keep your eye on Dr. Shapiro, I guarantee you'll be hearing more from her!
- Reviewed in the United States on August 2, 2015Very pragmatic and infectious. Not just how, but why would we, should we and a sense of possibilities to come. A cautious look at what we can do that does not skirt around the risks. This is scientific exploration at a stage where the excitement is palpable. The glimpses into how biology works offers much more than mammoths and passenger pigeons, but these are the trails we find, and if we want to see what is on the other side, we need to forge on. Beth gives you a sense that you are on the journey with her. She doesn't promise that we will see where it all leads in our lifetimes, but she does help you appreciate how fascinating the investigation can be.
- Reviewed in the United States on November 16, 2016Well written and very interesting. Genetics is a particular area of interest of mine, and the aspects related to de-extinction, and the tools currently available for DNA manipulation, are well presented. This is the most comprehensive description of de-extinction that I have encountered. Also, the author thankfully found no need to express any personal sexual preferences (unlike Paabo in "Neanderthal Man"). Unfortunately, about half dozen errors remain in the final text that should have been caught in the proofreading phase. Hence, the one-star deduction.
- Reviewed in the United States on May 15, 2019A good book if you’re interested in the more detailed side of genetics and DNA, and also for environmentalists! Definitely a little technical sometimes.
Top reviews from other countries
SimoneReviewed in Italy on November 14, 20245.0 out of 5 stars Great book!
Really interesting, has a lot of images too
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TomReviewed in Germany on November 14, 20215.0 out of 5 stars Das Klonen als Möglichkeit zur Rettung von Arten
Im Buch geht es nicht nur um das Klonen eines Mammuts, sondern auch generell um ein mögliches Wieder-Beleben von ausgerotteten Arten. Die Autorin sieht im Klonen eine Chance um ggf. erst vor wenigen Jahrhunderten ausgerottete Arten ggf. wieder in ein Ökosystem zurückzubringen.
Sicher auch für Kritiker der Gentechnik ein sehr lesenswertes Buch.
Ikaros GamingReviewed in the United Kingdom on February 7, 20195.0 out of 5 stars an amazing book
I'm loving this book alot
i love how Beth Shapiro splits down the middle the the kissing questions in each stage of the de extinction and how it impacts one another
she also very could at explain in detail the process in how it works
so glad I got this book
5 star all the way
Archana SwamiReviewed in India on November 2, 20195.0 out of 5 stars This was truly a great book
Jumping into this book I didn’t know what to expect but I am glad that I read this book , this book really gives an insight on de extinction, what it is , why should it be done , its challenges etc and is certainly interesting and humorous
Antonio BeltránReviewed in Spain on October 2, 20154.0 out of 5 stars Very good book on a very interested topic.
I've red somenthing about the subject before but this book brillantly explains all the necessary steps to get the "de-extinction" o "resurrection biology" comes to reality. I found it very interesting topic and keeps you thinking all the way long.
It deals with many questiosn such as:
¿What species should we try to come back to life?; ¿Why try this and not this other species?; ¿What are the scientific difficulties scientifics are facing?; If we finally get it and bring, let's say, a mammoth back to life, who is gonna be the parents who'll take care?; Where is going to live this new species?; Will the society and general public accept this new species, specially if it is a carnivore one?; Will this species be prepared to deal with the infectious microbes that live in present days and that probably have never contacted with? and so on.
Brilliant topic and brilliantly explained.
Enjoy the book as I've done!!






