How to Lie with Statistics Reissue Edition

by Darrell Huff (Author), Irving Geis (Illustrator)

1,947 ratings

in Statistics

ISBN-13: 978-0393310726

ISBN-10: 0393310728

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Over Half a Million Copies Sold--an Honest-to-Goodness Bestseller

Darrell Huff runs the gamut of every popularly used type of statistic, probes such things as the sample study, the tabulation method, the interview technique, or the way the results are derived from the figures, and points up the countless number of dodges which are used to full rather than to inform.

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Editorial Reviews

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"There is terror in numbers," writes Darrell Huff in How to Lie with Statistics. And nowhere does this terror translate to blind acceptance of authority more than in the slippery world of averages, correlations, graphs, and trends. Huff sought to break through "the daze that follows the collision of statistics with the human mind" with this slim volume, first published in 1954. The book remains relevant as a wake-up call for people unaccustomed to examining the endless flow of numbers pouring from Wall Street, Madison Avenue, and everywhere else someone has an axe to grind, a point to prove, or a product to sell. "The secret language of statistics, so appealing in a fact-minded culture, is employed to sensationalize, inflate, confuse, and oversimplify," warns Huff.

Although many of the examples used in the book are charmingly dated, the cautions are timeless. Statistics are rife with opportunities for misuse, from "gee-whiz graphs" that add nonexistent drama to trends, to "results" detached from their method and meaning, to statistics' ultimate bugaboo--faulty cause-and-effect reasoning. Huff's tone is tolerant and amused, but no-nonsense. Like a lecturing father, he expects you to learn something useful from the book, and start applying it every day. Never be a sucker again, he cries!

Even if you can't find a source of demonstrable bias, allow yourself some degree of skepticism about the results as long as there is a possibility of bias somewhere. There always is.

Read How to Lie with Statistics. Whether you encounter statistics at work, at school, or in advertising, you'll remember its simple lessons. Don't be terrorized by numbers, Huff implores. "The fact is that, despite its mathematical base, statistics is as much an art as it is a science." --Therese Littleton

Review

"A hilarious exploration of mathematical mendacity.… Every time you pick it up, what happens? Bang goes another illusion!"
― New York Times

"A pleasantly subversive little book guaranteed to undermine your faith in the almighty statistic."
― Atlantic

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Product details

Publisher ‏ : ‎ W. W. Norton & Company; Reissue edition (October 17, 1993)
Language ‏ : ‎ English
Paperback ‏ : ‎ 144 pages
ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 0393310728
ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0393310726
Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 3.84 ounces
Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 5.5 x 0.5 x 8.3 inches

Best Sellers Rank: #6,551 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #1 in Statistics (Books)
- #5 in Business Statistics
- #8 in Probability & Statistics (Books)

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Charming if a bit dated and oversimplified

Reviewed in the United States on July 27, 2019

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In 2016, all the best money was on Hillary Clinton to defeat Donald Trump in the U.S. Presidential election. Massive polls analyzed by highly-credentialed experts said so. The election went the other way. How could the analysts have gotten it so wrong? A potential answer is found in the pages of this short book written more than sixty years earlier by Darrell Huff and charmingly (if whimsically) illustrated by Irving Geis.

This book was recommended to me in passing by one of my professors when I was completing the capstone course for my BS in mathematics. Largely because of who suggested it, I expected a book about mathematical statistics. Instead, this is a book about understanding how statistical analysis can be abused (by journalists, politicians, advertisers, etc., etc.). It does not denigrate the practice of statistical analysis itself (though you will not learn even a single technique from statistical theory in its 144 pages), but rather serves as a lighthearted cautionary tale about how easy it is to become convinced that statistics carry all the weight of science even though statistical analysis is both science and art.

The reader already well-versed in statistics will not find any new information but will still be pleased by the book's artful presentation of known ideas. Readers who are not so well-versed in statistics should consider this book required reading because it succinctly explains how the information we all consume every day may have been manipulated--intentionally or otherwise--to give us false impressions.

In fact, I would argue the value of this book has only increased in the decades since its initial publication. While the reader picking up this book upon its publication in 1954 would surely encounter plenty of statistics and graphs throughout the week, our modern 24-hour news cycle and constant immersion in a multimedia world has magnified the opportunity for statistical deception. Of course, you'll find that the book's examples are outdated (references to an exorbitant $25,000 salary for Yale graduates might seem at first more quaint than informative). However, despite the dated examples, the statistical phenomena described are as relevant as ever. Indeed, an argument could be made that the examples from yesteryear might even aid the book's pedagogical value by avoiding the contemporary issues that might cause the reader to don partisan intellectual blinders.

If I were to criticize, I would say that the book fails as an introduction to statistical thinking. For example, it rightly cautions the reader to beware of the difference between median and mean when interpreting reported "averages," but fails to provide much insight regarding when each of these measures of central tendency might be superior to the other. As such, the reader looking for insight regarding the practice of statistics, even from a non-technical perspective, may be disappointed. However, the reader interested in the consumption of statistical information will find a wealth of information packed into a charming little book.

58 people found this helpful

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Brit

Influential book to me.

Reviewed in the United States on February 25, 2016

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I'm a college student who had to buy this book for a math class. We had a list of books to choose from and I chose this because it seemed to be one of those interesting debunking type writing pieces that give an alternate perspective on something so commonly followed.
With statistics, we see them everywhere and spewing from people's mouths constantly. But where do they come from and why are they unreliable and in what cases are they unreliable?
Darrell Huff kind of hits all aspects of statistics, and is sure that he hasn't crossed his own lines of creating bias; throughout the book he addresses each side the story. What sides am I referring to? The statistician's point of view, whoever's hands it was transferred to thereafter, the media that project this news to viewers, and the viewers point of view. He does this all with such a sense of reliability, because he never fails to leave out an aspect that would undermine his conclusions.
I found a lot of great information in this book, some that has reinforced my beliefs about statistics and others that have provided me with new views on information. With increasing amounts of information available, and that instant communication that allows us to share information faster, we need people to be reading more books like this so they avoid learning a bunch of value-less information from people who haven't "done their homework."
Sometimes statistical deceit is unintentional, while other times it's deliberate. Huff examines each cases, and attempts to provide understanding to all of his readers as to how we can avoid this and the 5 questions we can ask ourselves when we approach information.

If you've either:
- Wondered about news information and how it's history has influenced citizens (and how it really still applies)
- Needed refreshers on the importance of statistics as well as how to approach them
- Struggled with reading statistics or producing statistics
- Enjoyed being offered alternate perspectives on widely accepted practices like presenting information through statistics
- Curious about where people get their information, and why they're quick to spew statistics like it's true knowledge
THEN READ THIS BOOK! :)

81 people found this helpful

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Allen SmallingTop Contributor: Classical Music

Statistics 101 - Math 101 - Citizenship 101

Reviewed in the United States on October 6, 2017

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This little book was first published in the Fifties and has remained in print even as the cover cost and the examples of merchandise in the book have been ungraded for inflation. Why? Because the principles it teaches are just as important now as then. See how government, big business, pressure groups and labor all manipulate us with number-mangling to indicate changes in prices or wages are better or worse than they really are, or how the government's policy is the right one even though it may be terrible (and on the other hand, how the opponent uses statistics to make things gloomier than reality). Written with a smile, easily understandable, yet with a fine sense of how statistics can be used against us even, allegedly, "for our own good." Every American should have a copy of HOW TO LIE WITH STATISTICS.

45 people found this helpful

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Michael A Baker

They're still lyong with statistics!

Reviewed in the United Kingdom on March 24, 2021

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I first read this book more than 60 years ago. It captures in an amusing way some of the techniques which were then, and still are today, used by advertisers governments and others to present data in a way which mis-leads those whom they are informing. Its main weakness is a tendency to be repetitive and confine itself to American information.
Stimulated by the ever-increasing use of statistics by politicians, commercial organisations , environmentalists and others, I am well on the way to completing a book on this subject myself. Still, we see such techniques as comparing two percentages (without any detail of the actual numbers involved - 80% of 20 is hardly to be compared with 60% of 20 000), references to the results of surveys -with no indication of how many people were surveyed, how the sample was selected, how the questions were asked and so on.

6 people found this helpful

Terry Freedman

Still useful after all these years

Reviewed in the United Kingdom on May 3, 2016

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I first read this book at university, where I was studying statistics as part of my degree. However, it has been in the context of other subjects and, indeed, life in general that this book has proven most useful.

The odd-sounding title is easily explained by the author himself. He says he wrote the book much in the same spirit as a burglar might write an instruction manual on how to break into people’s houses — not so much to make it easier for burglars to do so, but so that home-owners can see where their vulnerabilities lie.

These days, the book seems to be even more relevant. Not only are research findings reported in the papers virtually every day, but in education in particular there are quite a few articles of faith that are based on shaky, and sometimes non-existent, foundations.

With chapters like “The well-chosen average”, “The little figures that are not there” and “The semi-attached figure”, the book makes you look at statistics in a different way.

For example, if you were to read a report that tells us that research has shown that 98% of students derive no benefit whatsoever from using technology, you may have a vague feeling of unease about such a finding. However, having read this book you should be able to re-read the report and spot where the statistical sleight of hand occurred (assuming it did occur, of course).

Then again, there are the endless announcements telling us that eating X wards off cancer, causes cancer, is dangerous for people over 40, is only dangerous if you eat more than one a day etc etc ad nauseous. Again, an insight into how some of the figures cited were derived would be immensely helpful in your decision-making.

Illustrated with cartoons by Mel Calman, this light-hearted and slim volume punches way above its weight. Although it was first published over 60 years ago, in 1954, it is still relevant. It should be on every teacher’s shelf and in every school library.

26 people found this helpful

Dean

Awesome little book on statistics in everyday life.

Reviewed in the United Kingdom on June 19, 2016

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I bought this as a graduate student wanting some entertaining, but hopefully useful, reading on statistics. This was recommended in the back of another short book which I recently bought, so I bought a pre-owned copy. It's only about 120 pages, so it doesn't take more than 2'ish hours to get through.

Overall, I found it to be a pleasant and easy-to-read little book about the misuse, either by accident or design, of statistics in everyday life. It's very basic and doesn't go into any detail about more advanced concepts, but it does what it sets out to do very well - and comes across as extremely accessible to readers from any level. Personally, this is a friendly accompaniment to more advanced statistics reading which i'm engaged with, but could also be picked up by someone who desires an awareness of how to avoid being misled by bad statistics.

It is an old book, but it does hold up well in my opinion. Wouldn't hesitate to recommend it.

11 people found this helpful

Andrew Dalby

The original that everyone follows

Reviewed in the United Kingdom on January 30, 2015

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If you are a fan of Michael Blastland then reading this book will show you where it all started. The Tiger That Isn't is really an updated version of Huff's book covering many of the same ideas with more recent examples. This is the original that has inspired all the other statistics debunking clones (of which Blastland's is the best I have read so far). So this is important for historical reasons, it shows that in 60 years we are still making the same mistakes and swallowing the same lies. Some of the language is a bit dated - he talks of negroes for example, but it is short readable and accessible to everyone. The examples have influenced statisticians and data journalists for nearly two generations. The only down side is the cost. For 128 pages is a cover price of £9.99 justified for such an old book? That is 8p a page - for that price I want it on parchment.

16 people found this helpful

Salvatore McDonagh

Still as relevant as when it was first written

Reviewed in the United Kingdom on May 16, 2021

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You need to read this book, and so does everyone you agree with, and everyone you disagree with.

No math required - this was written for the layperson. It's a quick and easy read. It is like putting on a pair of glasses that allow you to suddenly see clearly what you had never realised was blurred.

This is really about how to spot deceptive statistics, whether they were intentionally crafted to manipulate you, or unintentionally created due to ignorance or bias.

If you pay attention you will find modern examples for every "outdated" example in this book.

Politicians and marketers still use these techniques to mislead, and statistically naive scientists fool themselves (and unfortunately others) by making these mistakes.

Stop being misled. Read this book as soon as you can get your hands on a copy.

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