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Levant: Splendour and Catastrophe on the Mediterranean Hardcover – May 24, 2011
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Levant is a book of cities. It describes three former centers of great wealth, pleasure, and freedom—Smyrna, Alexandria, and Beirut—cities of the Levant region along the eastern coast of the Mediterranean. In these key ports at the crossroads of East and West, against all expectations, cosmopolitanism and nationalism flourished simultaneously. People freely switched identities and languages, released from the prisons of religion and nationality. Muslims, Christians, and Jews lived and worshipped as neighbors.
Distinguished historian Philip Mansel is the first to recount the colorful, contradictory histories of Smyrna, Alexandria, and Beirut in the modern age. He begins in the early days of the French alliance with the Ottoman Empire in the sixteenth century and continues through the cities' mid-twentieth-century fates: Smyrna burned; Alexandria Egyptianized; Beirut lacerated by civil war.
Mansel looks back to discern what these remarkable Levantine cities were like, how they differed from other cities, why they shone forth as cultural beacons. He also embarks on a quest: to discover whether, as often claimed, these cities were truly cosmopolitan, possessing the elixir of coexistence between Muslims, Christians, and Jews for which the world yearns. Or, below the glittering surface, were they volcanoes waiting to erupt, as the catastrophes of the twentieth century suggest? In the pages of the past, Mansel finds important messages for the fractured world of today.
- Print length470 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherYale University Press
- Publication dateMay 24, 2011
- Dimensions6.13 x 1.25 x 9.25 inches
- ISBN-109780300172645
- ISBN-13978-0300172645
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Editorial Reviews
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"[A] highly enjoyable and intricately-worked account of three great Mediterranean ports."—The Economist (The Economist)
"This is a rich piece of historical storytelling that will satisfy scholars, travelers, readers of travel literature, and everyone in between, Highly recommended for anyone with an interest in this complicated region of the world."—Veronica Arellano, Library Journal (Veronica Arellano Library Journal)
“Levant is an eminently readable and authoritative work that speaks directly to present-day anxieties, both about the nature of today’s western multicultural cities, and about current tensions between nations and religions.”-- Roderick Beaton, King's College London (Roderick Beaton)
"An extraordinary achievement. Passionate but impartial, animated, sensual and scholarly. "--Barnaby Rogerson, auhor of The Last Crusaders
(Barnaby Rogerson)
“This book is a labour of love and finely tuned scholarship, ornamented with such telling social detail and intimate knowledge of the urban and social landscapes that it brings 300 years of history to entertaining life…Philip Mansel slowly makes the reader aware that the grand theme of his history is a slow unfolding tragedy which remains absolutely relevant to today’s multicultural societies, engaged as they are in the delicate balancing act between political unity and cosmopolitan diversity…not only an entertainment and a historical education but also something of a political warning…”—Barnaby Rogerson, Times Literary Supplement (Barnaby Rogerson Times Literary Supplement)
“Philip Mansel's Levant: Splendour and Catastrophe in the Mediterranean is a remarkable, highly unusual and very readable social history of the ports of Smyrna, Beirut and Alexandria during the final decades of the Ottoman Empire.”—Lev Myshkin, Global Dispatches (Lev Myshkin Global Dispatches)
"The strengths of the book are colossal. Philip Mansel’s knowledge of the history and culture of these places is encyclopedic; he has walked their streets, met the scions of their famous families and penetrated their private archives. His eye for detail is sharp; telling anecdotes are culled from memoirs of all kinds, and the sights and smells of each city are vividly conjured up."—Noel Malcolm, Telegraph (Noel Malcolm Telegraph)
About the Author
Philip Mansel is a historian of France and the Ottoman Empire. His publications include histories of Constantinople and nineteenth-century Paris, as well as biographies of Louis XVIII and the Prince de Ligne. While writing Levant, he lived in Beirut and Istanbul.
Product details
- ASIN : 0300172648
- Publisher : Yale University Press (May 24, 2011)
- Language : English
- Hardcover : 470 pages
- ISBN-10 : 9780300172645
- ISBN-13 : 978-0300172645
- Item Weight : 0.01 ounces
- Dimensions : 6.13 x 1.25 x 9.25 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #347,258 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #95 in Egyptian History (Books)
- #100 in Turkey History (Books)
- #2,277 in Historical Study (Books)
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About the author

Philip Mansel is a historian of France and the Middle East; he has lived in Paris, Beirut and Istanbul, and now lives in London. His books on French history include Louis XVIII (1981); The Court of France 1789-1830 (1989); Paris between Empires (2001), a history of Paris as a European capital under the restoration and the July Monarchy; The Eagle in Splendour: Inside the Court of Napoleon (reprint 2015); and most recently King of World: The Life of Louis XIV (2019). On the Middle East he has written Constantinople: City of the World’s Desire (1995) ; Levant (2010) on Smyrna, Alexandria and Beirut; and Aleppo: the Rise and Fall of Syria’s Great Merchant City (2016). They emphasise the importance of France and French culture for those cities. His books have been translated into several languages including French, Italian, German, Greek, Turkish and Arabic. He has written for many newspapers and magazines, including The International Herald Tribune, The Spectator; History Today; the TLS; and Cornucopia.
In 1995 he was a co-founder of the Society for Court Studies (www.courtstudies.org), designed to promote research on courts and dynasties, and in 2010 of the Levantine Heritage Foundation, dedicated to the study of the history and cultures of the Eastern Mediterranean (www.levantineheritage.com). In 2012 he received the London Library Life in Literature award and in 2019 the Franco-British Book Prize. He is a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society and the Royal Society of Literature, and President of the Conseil scientifique of the Centre de Recherche du Chateau de Versailles.(CRCV).
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The various governments in Turkey, Egypt, and Lebanon and Syria may have gained political control of a sort but it didn't do anything for the lost economic dynamism. Those cities today are nowhere near the economic leaders of the eastern Mediteranean that they were a hundred years ago.
The author concludes in the last chapter "New Levants for Old" that the richest cities in the world today -- London, Paris, New York, Dubai, Mumbai, and Singapore -- are the modern heirs of the mixed populations of those former cities' economic and financial power or influence.
By example, these cities were a part of the Ottoman Empire (OE) for most of the covered historical period. Yet there is very little discussion of how the OE was formed, it's significance, or how it operated). There's little, if any, context for authors detail.
This lack of context continues through WWI, WWII and the formation of the Jewish State.
Genocide, massacres and terror reign. And after reading the entire book, I cannot understand at all the "how" or "why" it all happened.
Consequently, after reading the entire book, I really have learned very little. Very disappointing.
I'm also disappointed in some of the reviews of this book. Some of them appear to be intentionally misleading. This is not an easy read!
Top reviews from other countries
I cannot agree with the previous reviewer as this is by no means a specialist or excessively scholarly work (though it's clearly very well-researched and Mr. Mansel is evidently a scholar) and it can be read without any previous knowledge of the subject (one might want to check on the odd detail but that's easy enough these days with the aid of the Internet), though it certainly helps to have a prior interest in these once-magic Levantine cities. Actually, my only 'criticism' is a very mild one: the cover of the book bears a beautiful picture, but it is of none of the three cities in the book. It's Constantinople.
The mingling of different races and religious groups and their periodic descent into communal violence might give pause for thought on the topical question of multiculturalism in our societies, but that tangential aspect is not essential for an appreciation of the book as straightforward history. (My own view, for what it's worth, however, is that it bears out the view that multiculturalism doesn't work and the cracks never take long to show.)
Now, we only need a decent history of the historic Italian port of Genoa, as there doesn't seem to be one - at least a modern one - as far as I can see. Perhaps Mr. Mansel might consider the task now...
Izmir, Alexandria and Beirut are important names in our minds of Mediterranean peoples and for some uncanny reasons all these three cities seem to be possessed by a similar genius loci, capable of instantly telling something even to the casual traveller. Their histories are masterfully narrated by the author, that often does not refrain from political comments and references to the contemporary age, that I found always to the point. A particular mention must be made of the author's style that, while quite dense, is always readable and logically organised. This is one of the rarest books that I found 100% in agreement with, as the events that shaped up often dramatically the lives of these three cities are always presented in a very convincing way, that leaves very little to different interpretations. I especially liked the easiness with which Mansel managed to describe a confused little war like the Balkans Wars of 1912-13. No mean feat at the light of the importance of this conflict as the catalyst of the Great War. A gorgeous book that must be recommended to everybody with an interest in the history of human endeav



