Life's Ratchet: How Molecular Machines Extract Order from Chaos 1st Edition, Kindle Edition
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Peter M Hoffmann
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- In this edition, page numbers are just like the physical edition
- Length: 290 pages
- Word Wise: Enabled
- Enhanced Typesetting: Enabled
- Page Flip: Enabled
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Below the calm, ordered exterior of a living organism lies microscopic chaos, or what Hoffmann calls the molecular storm -- specialized molecules immersed in a whirlwind of colliding water molecules. Our cells are filled with molecular machines, which, like tiny ratchets, transform random motion into ordered activity, and create the "purpose" that is the hallmark of life. Tiny electrical motors turn electrical voltage into motion, nanoscale factories custom-build other molecular machines, and mechanical machines twist, untwist, separate and package strands of DNA. The cell is like a city -- an unfathomable, complex collection of molecular workers working together to create something greater than themselves.
Life, Hoffman argues, emerges from the random motions of atoms filtered through these sophisticated structures of our evolved machinery. We are agglomerations of interacting nanoscale machines more amazing than anything in science fiction. Rather than relying on some mysterious "life force" to drive them -- as people believed for centuries -- life's ratchets harness instead the second law of thermodynamics and the disorder of the molecular storm.
Grounded in Hoffmann's own cutting-edge research, Life's Ratchet reveals the incredible findings of modern nanotechnology to tell the story of how the noisy world of atoms gives rise to life itself.
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Editorial Reviews
Review
What distinguishes life from its nonliving ingredients? How could life arise from the lifeless? These questions have vexed philosophers sand scientists for more than 2,500 years. Bio-besotted physicist Peter Hoffmann wrote Life’s Ratchet to get to the beating heart of the matter. After a lively, lucid grand tour of the controversy’s history...Hoffmann arrives at modern molecular biology and the technological breakthroughs, such as atomic force microscopy, that enable us to see the very atoms of a cell.... A masterwork of making the complex comprehensible, this book would make a smashing freshman biology textbookand that’s a compliment.”
City Book Review
Life’s Ratchet is nothing short of brilliant. With wit and literary prowess, author Peter M. Hoffmann delivers a profound message about the nature of the life within our lives. He writes with a grace and careful thoughtfulnessthe Shakespeare of scientific literacy.”
Physics World, Best Books of 2012
[A] clearly written book about molecular motors and other nanoscale structures.... It does a very good job of capturing the excitement driving current research on this increasingly important topic.”
Nature
Life’s Ratchet engagingly tells the story of how science has begun to realize the potential for matter to spontaneously construct complex processes, such as those inherent to living systems. The book is a good mix of history and the latest concepts, straightforwardly explained . The book’s important message is that there is a revolution brewing. This revolution will not tell us what matter is made of. Instead, as described in Life’s Ratchet, it will tell us how matter and energy combine to make me and you.”
New Scientist
In Life’s Ratchet, biophysicist Peter Hoffmann reveals that the secret to life isn’t some mysterious force. Rather, it is chaos itself. Hoffmann provides a ringside perspective on life at its most fundamental level, gained through his work on imaging and manipulating molecules.”
Kirkus Reviews, starred review
A fascinating mix of cutting-edge science with philosophy and theology.”
Werner R. Loewenstein, author of The Touchstone of Life and Physics in Mind
Peter Hoffmann brings the universe of the very small to life. Life’s Ratchet is an exciting guide to the wondrous strange nanoworld of molecules driving the machinery of life. Engaging, provocative, and profound.”
John Long, Professor of Biology, Vassar College, and author of Darwin’s Devices
Life’s Ratchet is one of those rare books that pay off one of science’s central promises: reductionism can explain higher-order phenomenon. While Hoffmann is careful to say that nanoscience hasn’t explained what life is, he demonstrates that it can explain how life works from the bottom up. This is big news, and the exciting reward that Life’s Ratchet provides. Hoffmann’s magic is his ability to plumb the depths of his topic with trenchant metaphors and realistic examples. He is one of those rare scientific experts who can convey, accurately and with verve, the big picture and the small.”
About the Author
Product details
- ASIN : B00918JR5Q
- Publisher : Basic Books; 1st edition (October 30, 2012)
- Publication date : October 30, 2012
- Language : English
- File size : 2397 KB
- Text-to-Speech : Enabled
- Screen Reader : Supported
- Enhanced typesetting : Enabled
- X-Ray : Not Enabled
- Word Wise : Enabled
- Print length : 290 pages
- Lending : Not Enabled
- Best Sellers Rank: #210,998 in Kindle Store (See Top 100 in Kindle Store)
- Customer Reviews:
About the author

Peter M. Hoffmann (1968-) was born in Germany and grew up in a small village in Saarland. After completing his undergraduate studies in Physics and Mathematics in Germany, he moved to the US for graduate studies in 1992, completing an MS in Physics at Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, and a PhD in Materials Science and Engineering at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, MD. He then spent two years at University at Oxford, UK, as a research fellow. In 2001, he joined Wayne State University, Detroit, MI as an Assistant Professor of Physics. In 2008, he co-founded the undergraduate biomedical physics program at Wayne State and served as its director from 2008-2012. He has since been promoted to a full professorship and was appointed Associate Dean for academic programs in 2012. He is an active researcher in soft matter physics, nanoscience and biophysics. One of his passions is promoting science through outreach and writing. "Life's Ratchet" (2012) is his first popular science book.
Customer reviews
Top reviews from the United States
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There is an eerie feeling with a graph that he shows from Physics Today showing the correlation between spatial dimensions and transformation between different forms of energy, including thermal 'useless' energy, which shows that this is optimally accomplished at the nanoscale (10E-9m), i.e. molecular level, bonds breaking and forming, etc., which rings a bell as another Goldilocks principle, for Life itself ...
As Democritus said, everything is a fruit of Chance (chaos, noise, mutations, molecular storm) and Necessity (universal laws), so Life consists of tiny machines converting chaos into temporal and spatial dynamic processes.
Of course, this, or any other book, does not explain the WHYs, just the HOWs - the mechanisms..
An excellent book overall for the general public, but of course these concepts are difficult to grasp for anybody, due to the levels of complexity and depth of information. 3D graphic simulations really help, and there are some
on you tube, relevant to the book,such as a kinesin protein walking on a microtubule, and an actual AFM video of the same thing.. There's also a presentation by Peter on his book, but you won't understand much unless you read the book :)
For millennia, there has been a sense that living matter is somehow different from ordinary matter. There had to be some kind of vital force, something outside the well understood laws of physics and chemistry. For centuries, the challenge stood, even as scientists discovered cells, organic synthesis, genes and protein structure.
Then science reached the nanoscale. In the late 1980s and early 1990s a new class of microscope opened up the world of the nanometer. Individual molecules could be viewed, first statically, then in motion. New techniques could mark individual molecules and tweezers made of light beams opened a new area to experimentation and measurement. At the nanoscale biology, chemistry and physics converge. Living creatures are made of tiny machines.
These machines are made of molecules. They operate in a veritable storm of random motion and random collisions, and it is this storm that provides the energy for living motion - cellular motion, genetic manipulation and chemical transport. The second law of thermodynamics has this random motion effectively useless, unable to drive directed activity, but there is a loophole. Energy can be used to destroy information, to forget and reset molecular state. In cells, this energy is provided by ATP losing a phosphorous atom and converting to ADP. It seems insignificant, but at the nanoscale this minuscule jump burns at 7000 degrees. It is these fiery sparks of forgetfulness that drive life's ratchet and make life possible.
This book is a biophysicists manifesto. There has been a critical convergence in our understanding of living systems. We can look at the mysterious vital force up close and understand it. We can go to Youtube and watch a myosin molecule walk its track, buffeted by the invisible storm. It's an amazing story, and this book does a wonderful job of bringing this story to anyone with even a basic scientific background. I cannot recommend this book highly enough. We truly live in amazing times.
Top reviews from other countries
When he comes to the main topic, he lays out an eye- and mind opener. The fictitious "demon" of Maxwell comes to life! The permanent motion of molecules and atoms and the inherent kinetic energy, which the "demon" could have harvested to end all quest for energy forever is only just now about to become a physical reality in the field of "energy harvesting". Here Hoffmann shows that this process of harvesting energy to create order is the very foundation of life. There is an abundance of energy stored in the chaotic movement of atoms and molecules.
Unfortunately this source of energy is not accessible enough to satisfy larger assemblies of living matter. To sustain life however, energy of lower entropy is required that the living organisms convert in to energy of higher entropy. This is also the reason, why I stop here and get myself a bite.
Don't forget, read this book.
Sin duda volveré a leerlo














