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Measures of Association (Statistical Associates "Blue Book" Series Book 8) by [Garson, G. David]

Measures of Association (Statistical Associates "Blue Book" Series Book 8) Kindle Edition

by G. David Garson (Author)

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Association refers to a wide variety of coefficients which measure effect size (strength of relationship), defined various ways. In common usage "association" refers to measures of the strength of relationship in which at least one of the variables is a dichotomy, nominal, or ordinal.

Correlation is a type of association used when both variables are interval, is discussed in a separate "blue book" volume. All interval procedures have their own effect size measures, also treated in separate volumes.

Reliability is a type of association used to establish the consistency of a measure or to assess inter-rater similarity on a variable. It is also treated in a separate "blue book" volume.

Measures of association discussed in this volume are for dichotomous, nominal, ordinal, or mixed data. Note that with the exception of eta, when data are mixed by data level, the researcher uses a measure of association for the lower data level. For example, for nominal-by-ordinal association one would use a measure compatible with nominal-level association.

Specifically, the following measures are treated in this volume:
" Dichotomous Association (2-by-2 tables): Percent Difference, Yule's Q, Yule's Y, Risk
" Nominal Association: Phi, Contingency Coefficient, Tschuprow's T, Cramer's V, Lambda, Uncertainty Coefficient
" Nominal-by-Interval Nonlinear Association: Eta
" Ordinal Association: Gamma, Kendall's tau-b and tau-c, Somers' d
" Association for Inter-rater Agreement (rows and columns are the same variable): Kappa

Table of Contents

Overview 5
Key Concepts and Terms 6
Significance versus association 6
Coefficients of association 6
Types of "perfect" relationship 6
Strict monotonicity 8
Strict monotonicity and the assumption of equal marginals 8
Ordered monotonicity 10
Predictive monotonicity 10
Weak monotonicity 11
Monotonicity and table size 11
Curvilinear association 12
Types of null relationship 12
Independence 13
Accord 13
Balance 14
Cleavage 14
Association with control variables 15
Effect Size Measures (Association) for Dichotomies: Percent Difference, Yule's Q, Yule's Y, Risk, Odds Ratio 17
Overview 17
Percent Difference 17
Yule's Q 18
Yule's Y 19
The Relative Risk Coefficient, RR 20
Relative risk reduction (RRR) and odds ratios 22
Nominal Association: Phi, Contingency Coefficient, Tschuprow's T, Cramer's V, Lambda, Uncertainty Coefficient 25
Overview 25
Phi 26
The Contingency Coefficient, Pearson's C 27
Tshuprow's T 29
Cramer's V 30
Lambda 30
The Uncertainty Coefficient, UC, or Theil's U 33
Nominal-by-Interval Association: Eta, the Correlation Ratio 35
Computation 35
Ordinal Association: Gamma, Kendall's tau-b and tau-c, Somers' d 38
Overview 38
Gamma 39
Kendall's tau-b 40
Kendall's tau-c 41
Somer's d 43
Association for Inter-rater Agreement (rows and columns are the same variable): Kappa 44
Cohen's kappa 44
Assumptions 45
Not assumed 45
Split of data affects association 45
Equal marginals 46
Frequently Asked Questions 46
Where does one find measures of association in SPSS? 46
Bibliography 46

Length: 61 pages

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Product details

File Size: 762 KB
Print Length: 61 pages
Publisher: Statistical Associates Publishers; 1 edition (May 6, 2012)
Publication Date: May 6, 2012
Sold by: Amazon Digital Services LLC
Language: English
ASIN: B00810VOQK
Text-to-Speech: Enabled

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Lending: Enabled
Screen Reader: Supported

Enhanced Typesetting: Enabled

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Sucked

Byrw#5on April 3, 2014

Format: Kindle Edition

don't waste your time reading this junk there is nothing useful in it to utilize for any statistics studying truly a step back from what is the current things they are now teaching.

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