Dr. Grigas' book clearly and succinctly captures the evolving nature of the global gas markets. She delves into the history of gas politics in each region, helping the reader understand the economic and geopolitical motivations behind new the current state of the gas market. She contributes to both the theory of gas politics, working especially to expand upon theories of gas suppliers and gas transit countries, but also adds to the practical application of gas politics, by addressing the political implications. In particular, Grigas explores the complex nature of Russia's gas market as it relates to Europe, the Caucasus, and Central Asia. In her discussion of Russia's gas politics, the reader can understand the broader geopolitical implications within the region. Grigas aptly discusses how these relationships based on gas are shaping contemporary global politics- her analysis adds a needed layer of understanding to the relations between Russia and the various other states.
This is a must read book for those hoping to understand some of the motivating factors in contemporary geopolitics and the ever-changing world of natural gas.
The New Geopolitics of Natural Gas
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Agnia Grigas
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Agnia Grigas
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ISBN-13:
978-0674971837
ISBN-10:
0674971833
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Editorial Reviews
Review
“Agnia Grigas, an expert on global energy markets and a nonresident senior fellow at the Atlantic Council, masterfully explains the geopolitical underpinnings of this gas triangle between Europe, Russia, and the United States in her latest book…Grigas details the major gas players, infrastructure, and the geopolitical tensions over energy supplies. Her book tackles dense issues with clarity and is written in a compelling manner…The New Geopolitics of Natural Gas should be required reading for those policymakers hoping to understand its implications on policy and the international order.”―Maria Dugas, Newsweek
“As Grigas’ book ably explains, fracking has had economic and environmental effects that will become more profound over time. So, too, will the geopolitical consequences, as the increasing supply of LNG puts pressure on Qatar, Russia, and other gas exporters and makes it less costly for countries such as China and India to reduce their dependence on coal to meet their growing needs for electricity.”―Richard N. Cooper, Foreign Affairs
“Thorough and well-cited, this book is a must-read for any student of global energy security, yet it is digestible to readers interested in understanding shifting geopolitics and international affairs.”―Joel Hicks, Globe Post
“Grigas’s book reveals many insights into the often murky world of international natural gas trade. A real contribution to understanding this industry.”―Guy F. Caruso, Senior Advisor, Energy and National Security Program, Center for Strategic and International Studies
“This book describes with convincing clarity the important changes taking place in the natural gas markets. Readers will welcome Grigas’s comprehensive analysis of the geopolitical linkages and the transformation of the balance of economic power between supplier and consuming countries that are currently much to the advantage of the United States.”―John Deutch, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
“A thoroughly persuasive and penetrating investigation of the key political and market forces that transform the global gas sector.”―Suedeen Kelly, former Commissioner, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
“At a time when the natural gas business is experiencing fundamental changes and becoming increasingly a global industry, this book provides a comprehensive understanding of all the relationships that have driven the business to where it is today. It also provides the foundation for understanding the future evolution of the industry.”―Charif Souki, Chairman, Tellurian Investments
“A penetrating exposition of how globalisation and geopolitical change are transforming the former playbook that allowed monopolists to dominate the gas industry.”―Jonathan Stern, Distinguished Research Fellow, Natural Gas Research Programme, Oxford Institute for Energy Studies
“The New Geopolitics of Natural Gas is a compelling and well-written study of the multiple revolutions that are transforming the global gas business. With every aspect of natural gas―supply, markets, demand, and technology―in motion worldwide, Agnia Grigas’s book is a timely guide to the geopolitical and strategic consequences.”―Thane Gustafson, author of Wheel of Fortune: The Battle for Oil and Power in Russia
“As Grigas’ book ably explains, fracking has had economic and environmental effects that will become more profound over time. So, too, will the geopolitical consequences, as the increasing supply of LNG puts pressure on Qatar, Russia, and other gas exporters and makes it less costly for countries such as China and India to reduce their dependence on coal to meet their growing needs for electricity.”―Richard N. Cooper, Foreign Affairs
“Thorough and well-cited, this book is a must-read for any student of global energy security, yet it is digestible to readers interested in understanding shifting geopolitics and international affairs.”―Joel Hicks, Globe Post
“Grigas’s book reveals many insights into the often murky world of international natural gas trade. A real contribution to understanding this industry.”―Guy F. Caruso, Senior Advisor, Energy and National Security Program, Center for Strategic and International Studies
“This book describes with convincing clarity the important changes taking place in the natural gas markets. Readers will welcome Grigas’s comprehensive analysis of the geopolitical linkages and the transformation of the balance of economic power between supplier and consuming countries that are currently much to the advantage of the United States.”―John Deutch, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
“A thoroughly persuasive and penetrating investigation of the key political and market forces that transform the global gas sector.”―Suedeen Kelly, former Commissioner, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
“At a time when the natural gas business is experiencing fundamental changes and becoming increasingly a global industry, this book provides a comprehensive understanding of all the relationships that have driven the business to where it is today. It also provides the foundation for understanding the future evolution of the industry.”―Charif Souki, Chairman, Tellurian Investments
“A penetrating exposition of how globalisation and geopolitical change are transforming the former playbook that allowed monopolists to dominate the gas industry.”―Jonathan Stern, Distinguished Research Fellow, Natural Gas Research Programme, Oxford Institute for Energy Studies
“The New Geopolitics of Natural Gas is a compelling and well-written study of the multiple revolutions that are transforming the global gas business. With every aspect of natural gas―supply, markets, demand, and technology―in motion worldwide, Agnia Grigas’s book is a timely guide to the geopolitical and strategic consequences.”―Thane Gustafson, author of Wheel of Fortune: The Battle for Oil and Power in Russia
About the Author
Agnia Grigas is a Senior Fellow at the Atlantic Council and a frequent advisor to government and business.
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Product details
- Publisher : Harvard University Press (April 24, 2017)
- Language : English
- Hardcover : 416 pages
- ISBN-10 : 0674971833
- ISBN-13 : 978-0674971837
- Item Weight : 1.4 pounds
- Dimensions : 5.6 x 1.4 x 8.4 inches
-
Best Sellers Rank:
#1,194,742 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #49 in Natural Gas Energy
- #125 in Energy Policy (Books)
- #1,356 in International Relations (Books)
- Customer Reviews:
Customer reviews
4.7 out of 5 stars
4.7 out of 5
12 global ratings
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Reviewed in the United States on April 24, 2017
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Reviewed in the United States on June 30, 2018
Verified Purchase
Grigas adequately and informatively explains the complex (and simple) geopolitical situations resulting as a fallout of the abundance of natural gas in the global market. It is worth the read, no doubt.
2 people found this helpful
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Reviewed in the United States on January 25, 2018
Verified Purchase
A phenomenal read for anyone interested in how natural gas affects geopolitics the world over.
One person found this helpful
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5.0 out of 5 stars
Grigas book is an excellent example of how closely intertwined relations between energy and ...
Reviewed in the United States on April 26, 2017
Grigas book is an excellent example of how closely intertwined relations between energy and politics could be so clearly explained. Going from the broadest trends to the local nuanced examples, Grigas provides an insightful look at the implications of the current shifts in the natural gas markets. A must read for policy advisers, consultants, academics and everyone in the energy field seeking for a comprehensive understanding.
6 people found this helpful
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5.0 out of 5 stars
It presents not only a captivating historical narrative of what gas industry has come to mean for Eurasian nations but also an incredibly useful source of latest developments both in the political scene ...
Reviewed in the United States on July 15, 2017
The New Geopolitics of Natural Gas is a must-have for everyone interested in energy geopolitics of Russia and Eurasia which is often a key factor behind foreign and domestic policy decision-making in these nations. It is a comprehensive and up-to-date study of both energy industries and its multiple linkages to political interests, influences and decisions. It presents not only a captivating historical narrative of what gas industry has come to mean for Eurasian nations but also an incredibly useful source of latest developments both in the political scene and gas industry. The book provides a very detailed description not only about well-researched case studies such as Russia but also countries that are isolated and have strict censorship such as Turkmenistan. Despite the fact that the book contains a large amount of information, it is presented in a highly accessible form that makes this work appealing both to the experts and wide audience.
3 people found this helpful
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Reviewed in the United States on October 28, 2017
Agnia Grigas: The New Geopolitics of Natural Gas. Harvard University Press. 2017.
Review by Lars Gronbjerg
This is an important book for those who want an all-round understanding of changes in global energy markets with focus on new developments in the natural gas sector. The book reviews the history of gas and developments in technology, transport etc. It has a global perspective and is especially interesting in the context of current energy issues in Europe and Russia.
Changes and trends
The driving force behind the changes is the remarkable increase in production of shale gas and oil in the US which in a few years has turned the US into a net exporter of gas in the form of LNG. This follows from a coincidence of several independent developments of a technical, legal and economic nature plus the strength of American entrepreneurship and the weakness of the American environmental movements. Such a favorable combination is not found elsewhere. Shale gas can be produced in many places, but only the US seems currently to be in a positon to take advantage of it. The US is rapidly moving from a long-standing energy importer to a net exporter. It has major implications for the whole world, not least for Europe and Russia.
Natural gas is changing from a regional towards a global commodity on a more uniform global market.
Russia
The power of the big sellers, especially Russia, will decline if infrastructure is developed and the trend continues. The Russian economy depends on energy export and the new developments can lead to less demand and lower prices. Russia’s influence on the market is likely to decline. More competition will make energy export less profitable for Russia.
Grigas argues that Russia may have too many hurdles to cross for it to become a significant LNG exporter even through investments are being made in Yamal. This means that Russia will remain largely dependent on its piped gas exports to Europe, and to China in some years.
Russia’s energy strategy shows that it is aware of the challenges. It is seeking more stable relations with traditional consumers and new markets in the Asia-Pacific. It also seeks better integration of Russian energy companies in international energy business and creation of a common energy market in the Eurasian Economic Union.
This will remove limits to competition that follow from long-term contracts with Russia. Traditional elements in Russian contracts are being phased out, such as take or pay, destination clauses and gas prices depending on oil prices. Spot prices are becoming more common.
Europe
Europe’s own production is falling, leading to more import dependency. It has gas coming in pipes from Russia, Algeria and Libya. And now LNG supplies are beginning to come from the US. This allows an improvement in Europe’s energy security and possibly also a decline in the gas price.
Important now is that Europe manages to move forward with its energy policy. There are good ideas and plans, but the speed of implementation has not been impressive so far. It is not only a matter of getting the legislation in place. The EU must also develop the infrastructure for a united market.
Divisions within the Union are strong, and it costs. The EU countries have their own energy policies often based on strong political opinions that differs among the member countries e.g. with respect to the choice of energy mix.
The EU has not been able to agree to create a united attitude towards Russia – to negotiate with Russia with one voice. Russia has benefitted from this to create divisions in the Union and diversify prices based on its monopolistic positon and its ability to use political influence in the different countries.
The big new design is the European Energy Union which was proposed only recently. It aims at a fully integrated energy market, diversification among suppliers, energy efficiency, and use of renewables leading to a higher degree of energy security. We will see how it develops. It will not be easy.
East European countries may be willing to pay a premium price for LNG to hedge against disruptions from Russian piped gas. Poland and Lithuania have been first to take advantage of the new development to increase their energy security.
The question is: Can the EU limit Russian power of supply and increase its own power of demand. Can it change the power balance? Will the EU do what is necessary?
The main problem for Europe: Corrupt transit countries
The most important effect for Europe is that the power of transit states (Ukraine, Belarus) will decline. Ukraine in particular has caused major problems for European energy security. This led the Commission to a strong reaction against Ukraine in January 2009.
Grigas gives a good account of the problems caused by transit countries along gas pipelines: Belarus and Ukraine. But her account of the most severe problem that arose in January 2009 is weak. She only refers to two American newspaper articles written before it was clear what was happening. On this point it is useful to read the more full account by Katja Yafimava to whom Grigas refers to on several other points .
Grigas is remarkably pessimistic in her view of Ukraine. There is little chance that Ukraine will be able to get rid of the corruption and inefficiency in the gas sector. Strong Ukrainian interest groups will prevent Ukraine from seizing opportunities that may arise from changes in the global gas market such as the shale revolution and greater interconnection of gas markets in Europe. The latest report from the European Energy Community agrees; Ukrainian energy policy is not working in practice.
China and Central Asia
Several Central Asian countries have managed start gas export to China based on Chinese infrastructure investments. This will strengthen Chinese influence on these countries but they will at the same time be able to free themselves from heavy Russian influence which has limited their ability to conduct independent energy policy in the entire post-cold war period. They will no more be isolated suppliers.
Central Asian gas is still on the wish list in Europe. Memorandums of understanding have been signed and deadlines agreed. But Grigas does not provide great hopes for an end to failures and delays here. A gas pipe is under construction in the South Caucasus to lead Azerbaijani gas to Southern Europe, but its size is not impressive. It passes through regions which cannot be considered stable for the coming 30 years. There are many transit countries on the way.
The future
It is very important to note that Grigas is careful to avoid predictions about the continuation of the current trends. It depends on many factors which can change on short notice. Risks and uncertainty are related to several drivers behind current trends.
There is also uncertainty about the position of gas in the longer run. Is gas a supplement to renewables or a substitute? Is gas a bridge from climate heavy coal and oil to sustainable energy? Gas has only half of the climate footprint compared to oil, and it is cleaner. The main problem is that the investments in gas are heavy. It is not certain that gas will take over. The world is still dependent on coal, oil and nuclear fuel. They will also develop.
We need to follow developments closely. Grigas’ book is an excellent starting point.
Lars Gronbjerg
Review by Lars Gronbjerg
This is an important book for those who want an all-round understanding of changes in global energy markets with focus on new developments in the natural gas sector. The book reviews the history of gas and developments in technology, transport etc. It has a global perspective and is especially interesting in the context of current energy issues in Europe and Russia.
Changes and trends
The driving force behind the changes is the remarkable increase in production of shale gas and oil in the US which in a few years has turned the US into a net exporter of gas in the form of LNG. This follows from a coincidence of several independent developments of a technical, legal and economic nature plus the strength of American entrepreneurship and the weakness of the American environmental movements. Such a favorable combination is not found elsewhere. Shale gas can be produced in many places, but only the US seems currently to be in a positon to take advantage of it. The US is rapidly moving from a long-standing energy importer to a net exporter. It has major implications for the whole world, not least for Europe and Russia.
Natural gas is changing from a regional towards a global commodity on a more uniform global market.
Russia
The power of the big sellers, especially Russia, will decline if infrastructure is developed and the trend continues. The Russian economy depends on energy export and the new developments can lead to less demand and lower prices. Russia’s influence on the market is likely to decline. More competition will make energy export less profitable for Russia.
Grigas argues that Russia may have too many hurdles to cross for it to become a significant LNG exporter even through investments are being made in Yamal. This means that Russia will remain largely dependent on its piped gas exports to Europe, and to China in some years.
Russia’s energy strategy shows that it is aware of the challenges. It is seeking more stable relations with traditional consumers and new markets in the Asia-Pacific. It also seeks better integration of Russian energy companies in international energy business and creation of a common energy market in the Eurasian Economic Union.
This will remove limits to competition that follow from long-term contracts with Russia. Traditional elements in Russian contracts are being phased out, such as take or pay, destination clauses and gas prices depending on oil prices. Spot prices are becoming more common.
Europe
Europe’s own production is falling, leading to more import dependency. It has gas coming in pipes from Russia, Algeria and Libya. And now LNG supplies are beginning to come from the US. This allows an improvement in Europe’s energy security and possibly also a decline in the gas price.
Important now is that Europe manages to move forward with its energy policy. There are good ideas and plans, but the speed of implementation has not been impressive so far. It is not only a matter of getting the legislation in place. The EU must also develop the infrastructure for a united market.
Divisions within the Union are strong, and it costs. The EU countries have their own energy policies often based on strong political opinions that differs among the member countries e.g. with respect to the choice of energy mix.
The EU has not been able to agree to create a united attitude towards Russia – to negotiate with Russia with one voice. Russia has benefitted from this to create divisions in the Union and diversify prices based on its monopolistic positon and its ability to use political influence in the different countries.
The big new design is the European Energy Union which was proposed only recently. It aims at a fully integrated energy market, diversification among suppliers, energy efficiency, and use of renewables leading to a higher degree of energy security. We will see how it develops. It will not be easy.
East European countries may be willing to pay a premium price for LNG to hedge against disruptions from Russian piped gas. Poland and Lithuania have been first to take advantage of the new development to increase their energy security.
The question is: Can the EU limit Russian power of supply and increase its own power of demand. Can it change the power balance? Will the EU do what is necessary?
The main problem for Europe: Corrupt transit countries
The most important effect for Europe is that the power of transit states (Ukraine, Belarus) will decline. Ukraine in particular has caused major problems for European energy security. This led the Commission to a strong reaction against Ukraine in January 2009.
Grigas gives a good account of the problems caused by transit countries along gas pipelines: Belarus and Ukraine. But her account of the most severe problem that arose in January 2009 is weak. She only refers to two American newspaper articles written before it was clear what was happening. On this point it is useful to read the more full account by Katja Yafimava to whom Grigas refers to on several other points .
Grigas is remarkably pessimistic in her view of Ukraine. There is little chance that Ukraine will be able to get rid of the corruption and inefficiency in the gas sector. Strong Ukrainian interest groups will prevent Ukraine from seizing opportunities that may arise from changes in the global gas market such as the shale revolution and greater interconnection of gas markets in Europe. The latest report from the European Energy Community agrees; Ukrainian energy policy is not working in practice.
China and Central Asia
Several Central Asian countries have managed start gas export to China based on Chinese infrastructure investments. This will strengthen Chinese influence on these countries but they will at the same time be able to free themselves from heavy Russian influence which has limited their ability to conduct independent energy policy in the entire post-cold war period. They will no more be isolated suppliers.
Central Asian gas is still on the wish list in Europe. Memorandums of understanding have been signed and deadlines agreed. But Grigas does not provide great hopes for an end to failures and delays here. A gas pipe is under construction in the South Caucasus to lead Azerbaijani gas to Southern Europe, but its size is not impressive. It passes through regions which cannot be considered stable for the coming 30 years. There are many transit countries on the way.
The future
It is very important to note that Grigas is careful to avoid predictions about the continuation of the current trends. It depends on many factors which can change on short notice. Risks and uncertainty are related to several drivers behind current trends.
There is also uncertainty about the position of gas in the longer run. Is gas a supplement to renewables or a substitute? Is gas a bridge from climate heavy coal and oil to sustainable energy? Gas has only half of the climate footprint compared to oil, and it is cleaner. The main problem is that the investments in gas are heavy. It is not certain that gas will take over. The world is still dependent on coal, oil and nuclear fuel. They will also develop.
We need to follow developments closely. Grigas’ book is an excellent starting point.
Lars Gronbjerg
2 people found this helpful
Report abuse
Top reviews from other countries
Alex
4.0 out of 5 stars
Good
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on May 6, 2019Verified Purchase
As I saw the geopolitics name in the title I said to myself I need to have it.
You will find some interesting new things.
The only thing I found tiring is the amount of information about the numbers.
You will find some interesting new things.
The only thing I found tiring is the amount of information about the numbers.
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